
	Where results make sense

Topic: Inbreeding depression

In the News (Fri 1 Jan 10)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	NOAA/NMFS/NWFSC-TM30: Inbreeding Depression and Outbreeding Depression
		If inbreeding depression and outbreeding enhancement were the only genetic mechanisms we had to consider and matings between individuals could be controlled, obviously the best strategy would be always to mate individuals from different populations.
		Inbreeding depression (I.D.) in laboratory populations of Drosophila.
		Demonstrating inbreeding depression is straightforward and is done by monitoring the performance of offspring from full-sib matings, because these matings are genetically the closest possible in a sexually reproducing species.
	www.nwfsc.noaa.gov /publications/techmemos/tm30/lynch.html (4479 words)

	Australian Shepherd Health & Genetics Institute, Inc.
		If they survive the initial inbreeding depression they adapt to their new environment, sometimes to the point of forming entirely new species as can be seen with the finches and tortoises of the Galapagos Islands.
		Inbreeding depression isn’t a matter of specific genes that cause the sort of health problems we are always on the lookout for, like bad hips or eye disease.
		Historic inbreeding and recent or “close” inbreeding (matings that would be considered incestuous among humans) are the primary factors contributing to inbreeding depression in purebred dogs, with the historic inbreeding being the greater factor since many don’t recognize it as inbreeding at all.
	www.ashgi.org /articles/breeding_incest.htm (2598 words)

	Inbreeding
		Inbreeding coefficients estimated with pedigree traced to 1985 were inadequate predictors of inbreeding coefficients estimated with pedigrees traced to 1960.
		Inbreeding depression was not enough to cause large reductions of milk and fat yield of a cow with average inbreeding.
		Inbreeding has been a useful tool in plant breeding and in the poultry industry where the occurrence of undesirable genes is quickly overcome by short generation intervals and vast numbers of offspring from single matings.
	www.fass.org /fasscience/viewarticle.asp?article_id=326 (3480 words)

	Inbreeding Summary
		The average inbreeding coefficient is 0.03 for the Dunker population in Pennsylvania and 0.04 for islanders on Tristan da Cunha.
		Inbreeding may result in a far higher representation of deleterious genes within a population than would normally be expected.
		Inbreeding is also deliberately induced in laboratory mice in order to guarantee a consistent and uniform animal model for experimental purposes.
	www.bookrags.com /Inbreeding (2160 words)

	Inbreeding
		Inbreeding does not change gene frequency, that is the total number of B or b genes in a population.
		Inbreeding cannot be avoided unless the pedigree of the cow to be inseminated is known in depth.
		Inbreeding in grade cattle is likely larger than calculated because of missing ancestors in the known pedigree.
	www.ext.vt.edu /pubs/dairy/404-080/404-080.html (2010 words)

	Northwest Alpacas - Are You Afraid of Inbreeding?
		The chief effect of inbreeding is to increase homozygosity in the progeny.
		Inbreeding depression is the expression of unfavourable recessive genes in homozygous combinations.
		The inbreeding coefficient is defined as the probability that both genes of a pair in a given animal are identical (homozygous) by descent.
	www.alpacas.com /AlpacaLibrary/Inbreeding.aspx (1622 words)

	Heterosis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Inbreeding depression is usually defined as the lowered fitness or vigour of inbred individuals compared with their non-inbred counterparts, observed in many (but by no means all) organisms.
		Inbreeding depression due to genes with deleterious recessive effects that are linked to genes with beneficial dominant effects may be removed by selection; but if it is due to overdominance it cannot.
		Inbreeding depression is caused mainly by deleterious recessive alleles in both Mimulus guttatus (an outbreeder) and the closely related inbreeder M.
	members.ozemail.com.au /~davcooke/heter.htm (2357 words)

	Inbreeding and brood stock management
		Inbreeding is a powerful breeding tool that has been used to improve livestock and grains, but most fish farmers and hatchery managers do not know how it can be used; they only want to avoid it.
		Chapter 7 discusses ways to prevent inbreeding in hatchery populations and shows the methods that can be used to determine the effective breeding numbers that are needed to prevent inbreeding from accumulating to levels that cause inbreeding depression and that will prevent genetic drift from robbing the population of needed genetic variance.
		Inbreeding is of secondary importance during a selective breeding programme, because the major genetic goal is to alter the genetics of the population in order to improve productivity.
	www.fao.org /DOCREP/006/X3840E/X3840E00.HTM (2604 words)

	IngentaConnect Reduced inbreeding depression due to historical inbreeding in Dro... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		We then measured the inbreeding depression that resulted from one generation of full-sib mating in the purged populations and in the original base population.
		The magnitude of inbreeding depression in the purged populations was approximately one-third of that observed in the original base population.
		In contrast to previous laboratory experiments, therefore, we found that inbreeding depression was reduced in populations that have a history of inbreeding.
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/bsc/jeb/2006/00000019/00000004/art00024 (307 words)

	Inbreeding and brood stock management
		Because there have been so few inbreeding studies in fish, because the effects of mild levels have not been investigated, and because no universally undesirable value of F is likely to be found, farmers and hatchery managers must decide what level of risk they are willing to accept.
		The inbreeding values in that table show that if the number of one sex is held constant, increasing the other sex produces diminishing returns; i.e., the reduction in inbreeding becomes less and less despite substantial increases in the commoner sex.
		Unless a farmer is going to conduct a selective breeding programme or use inbreeding to improve the results of selection or crossbreeding, a population should be managed genetically to prevent unwanted inbreeding from causing inbreeding depression and to prevent genetic drift from robbing the population of alleles and genetic variance.
	www.fao.org /docrep/006/x3840e/X3840E07.htm (7505 words)

	Genetic Defects and the Effects of Inbreeding (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Examples are given of the general reduction of fitness that results from inbreeding (known as inbreeding depression), as well as traits that have been improved through inbreeding (such as long horns).
		The degree of inbreeding will be negligible if the number of individuals in the line is very large and care is taken to avoid matings between close relatives, but it will rapidly increase if the size of the line becomes more restricted or if matings between close relatives are common.
		For instance, just a 1% increase in inbreeding (that is, a 1% increase in the probability that a calf receives the same gene from both parents) results in a measurable decrease in milk quantity and quality, shortening of productive life, and increase in calving interval in studied breeds of cattle.
	home.austin.rr.com /doublehelix/defects.html (3120 words)

	Abstract - Inbreeding Depression in E. texana
		This model predicts that inbreeding depression should be limited in regularly inbreeding populations because the deleterious alleles that cause inbreeding depression (i.e., the genetic load) should be "purged" by regularly exposing these alleles to natural selection.
		Although selfing rates are clearly high, we present evidence that early inbreeding depression (hatching rates, juvenile survival, and age at sexual maturity) exists in all four populations.
		We propose that a modified form of the "overdominance model" for inbreeding depression operating at the level of linkage groups maintains the observed levels of inbreeding depression in these populations even in the face of high rates of selfing.
	www3.uakron.edu /biology/phase2.html (391 words)

	temp\labpage
		However, Husband and Schemske (1996) have recently demonstrated that in plants, inbreeding depression is often most strongly expressed during the reproductive phase of the life cycle, and there is no a priori reason to believe that it would necessarily affect male and female fitness components equally.
		The primary implication of this analysis is that differences in the magnitude of inbreeding depression for male and female fitness components may favor the evolution of a mixed mating system.
		Correlated evolution of self-fertilization and inbreeding depression: an experimental study of nine populations of Amsinckia (Boraginaceae).
	www.duke.edu /~mrausher/inbmodel.htm (2365 words)

	Select Sires, Inc. - Animal Health - Recessives - Putting Inbreeding Into Perspective
		This number, the inbreeding coefficient, estimates the percentage of identical genes that are inherited.
		In fact, inbreeding can be a wise way to make rapid gains in a single generation for A.I. organizations and herds that are working to develop a particular cow family.
		The numeric inbreeding coefficients mentioned in this context are not comparable to the inbreeding coefficients calculated by USDA or the breed associations because they consider many or all the generations of pedigree information and in these cases the inbreeding coefficients are higher.
	www.selectsires.com /news_inbreeding.html (1971 words)

	Inbreeding - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Inbreeding may result in a far higher expression of deleterious recessive genes within a population than would normally be expected.
		Inbreeding is used by breeders of domestic animals to fix desirable genetic traits within a population or to attempt to remove deleterious traits by allowing them to manifest phenotypically from the genotypes.
		Inbreeding is defined as the use of close relations for breeding such as mother to son, father to daughter, brother to sister.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Inbreeding (2385 words)

	inbreeding
		Inbreeding is what happens when identical genes are inherited from the parents.
		The key to the inbreeding dilemma is to find a balance between genetic selection and control of inbreeding.
		The IC is not necessarily a function of the inbreeding of the parents.
	www.icelanddogs.com /inbreeding.html (868 words)

	Paris Poodles why we will not inbreed. COI inbreeding coefficients, health poor temperament
		Inbreeding depression may also manifest itself as poor health, temperament problems, mental health disorders, and
		Inbreeding depression can be manifested as a high frequency of immune-mediated diseases, significantly higher
		We believe animals that exhibit signs of inbreeding depression should never be bred.
	www.parispoodles.com /Inbreeding.html (1254 words)

	Problems in measuring among-family variation in inbreeding depression -- Fox 92 (11): 1929 -- American Journal of Botany (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In the strictest sense, inbreeding depression is a consequence
		phenotype of its offspring in the absence of inbreeding depression
		Lande R. Schemske 1985 The evolution of self-fertilization and inbreeding depression in plants.
	www.amjbot.org /cgi/content/full/92/11/1929 (2323 words)

	Male-male competition magnifies inbreeding depression in wild house mice -- Meagher et al. 97 (7): 3324 -- Proceedings ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The detrimental effects of inbreeding on vertebrates are well documented for early stages of the life cycle in the laboratory.
		Inbreeding increases the overall homozygosity of offspring compared with mating between nonkin (outbreeding) (1).
		consequences of inbreeding depression in the wild (56).
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/97/7/3324 (4339 words)

	Inbreeding
		Many breeders still cling to the idea that inbreeding is the only route to success, and that they can use it as a tool to identify and weed out genetic problems in their line.
		Inbreeding depression results, in part, from the bringing together of deleterious recessive alleles inherited via both parents from a common ancestor.
		Following that high, the inbreeding coefficient was been reduced to a more reasonable level through a series of partial outcrosses, or what I would prefer to consider intelligently-planned assortative mating (see Breeding Schemes).
	www.canine-genetics.com /inbreed.htm (1523 words)

	What are the general effects of inbreeding
		Inbreeding depression is thought to be caused primarily by the collection of a multitude of deleterious mutations, few in themselves fatal, but all diminishing fitness.
		When that shuffling can't happen because both parents already have mostly the same alleles, the result will be inbreeding depression, if not in a given litter, then in a few more generations of such breedings.
		Inbreeding depression encompasses a wide variety of physical and health defects.
	cc.ysu.edu /~helorime/inbred.html (434 words)

	Inbreeding depression - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Inbreeding depression is reduced fitness in a given population as a result of breeding of related individuals.
		Inbreeding depression is often the result of a population bottleneck.
		The phenomenon of inbreeding depression may occur in either plant or animal species.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Inbreeding_depression (304 words)

	Inbreeding depression
		This inbreeding may lower the population's ability to survive and reproduce, a phenomenon called inbreeding depression.
		The explanation for inbreeding depression lies in the evolutionary history of the population.
		For Swedish adders, the solution to the inbreeding depression problem was simple—introduce adders from other populations.
	evolution.berkeley.edu /evolibrary/article/0_0_0/conservation_03 (355 words)

	Inbreeding Depression in Two Populations of E. texana (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Inbreeding depression is one factor that may maintain males in these populations.
		Combining estimates of early inbreeding depression from a previous study with current estimates of late inbreeding depression suggests that inbreeding depression is substantial (
		Patterns of fitness responses in the two populations were consistent with the hypothesis that inbreeding depression is caused by partially recessive deleterious alleles, although a formal test of this hypothesis still needs to be conducted in these shrimp.
	www3.uakron.edu /biology/nbrddep1.html (266 words)

	House flies!
		Nor does she deny that inbreeding can be harmful, since it can lead to disease, lethargy and deformity.
		Her technique is to compare flies that are deliberately forced to breed at random to flies that are left alone and choose for themselves.
		After 10 or 20 generations of inbreeding, she allows each population to multiply freely, and the flies that were forcibly bred at random do quite poorly, she says: "You get a nightmare, the population crashes." But the self-selected "superflies" do much better, Meffert says, and quickly rebuild a large population.
	whyfiles.org /015species_restore/super_fly.html (753 words)

	Analysis of Levels of Inbreeding and Inbreeding Depression in Jersey Cattle -- Miglior et al. 75 (4): 1112 -- Journal ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Analysis of Levels of Inbreeding and Inbreeding Depression in Jersey Cattle -- Miglior et al.
		inbreeding were –9.84 kg, –.55 kg, and –0011%
		Inbreeding depression for global and partial economic indexes, production, type, and functional traits.
	jds.fass.org /cgi/content/abstract/75/4/1112 (379 words)

	Heredity - Abstract of article: Sex determination and inbreeding depression in an ant with regular sib-mating
		Inbreeding leads to homozygosity at the sex locus, resulting in the production of diploid males, which are usually sterile and constitute a considerable fitness cost.
		Nevertheless, regular inbreeding without diploid male production is known from several solitary wasps, suggesting that in these species sex is not determined by sl-CSD but alternative mechanisms.
		In contrast, some colonies began to show signs of an inbreeding depression after several generations of sib-mating, such as shortened queen life span, higher brood mortality, and a shift to more male-biased sex ratios in some colonies, presumably due to lower insemination capability of sperm.
	www.nature.com /doifinder/10.1038/sj.hdy.6800846 (353 words)

	IngentaConnect Inbreeding depression in a rare deceptive orchid
		We quantified inbreeding depression for seed maturation and germination in a deceptively pollinated orchid (Dactylorhiza praetermissa (Druce) Soó).
		In agreement with the prediction that species with high outcrossing rate should possess a heavy genetic load, we demonstrated inbreeding depression in one of the populations we studied.
		This could also explain why the intensity of inbreeding depression seems, in the populations we studied, to be determined more by environmental factors than by inbreeding level, as estimated from molecular markers.
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/nrc/cjb/2001/00000079/00000010/art00007 (497 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)