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Topic: Incidence

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	Incidence (epidemiology) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The incidence of disease is defined as the number of new cases of disease occurring in a population during a defined time interval.
		Incidence and incidence rate are not to be confused with prevalence, which is defined as the number of individuals with a certain disease in a population at a specified time divided by the number of individuals in the population at that time.
		Incidence rate is useful for talking about diseases like chickenpox, which have a lifetime risk of almost one, since it is measured per unit time so can tell us when infections are likely to occur.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Incidence_(epidemiology) (279 words)

	2. Quantifying disease in population
		The incidence of a disease is the rate at which new cases occur in a population during a specified period.
		Mortality is the incidence of death from a disease.
		A crude incidence, prevalence, or mortality (death rate) is one that relates to results for a population taken as a whole, without subdivision or refinement.
	bmj.bmjjournals.com /epidem/epid.2.html (1888 words)

	Philly.com \| Beyond the Flames
		A SIR of 100 suggests that the incidence rate of cancer in the study population is neither increased nor decreased compared to the expected incidence rate for the general population.
		These incidence rates were multiplied by the number of patient-years of each stratum in the cohort to calculate an expected number of cases of each cancer.
		The incidence of melanoma was significantly elevated among the 122 subjects closest to the fire (observed 3 cases, expected 0.41, SIR 730, 95% confidence interval 150 - 2132).
	inquirer.philly.com /specials/2000/fire/epireport.asp (1819 words)

	CHEST: Incidence of Acute Pulmonary Embolism in a General Hospital - ) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The incidence of PE was 0.23% (95% CI, 0.21 to 0.25%).
		The incidence of PE in patients [is greater than or equal to] 90 years of age did not differ significantly from patients 80 to 89 years of age (Table 1).
		The incidence of PE among female patients was 0.25% (95% CI, 0.22 to 0.29%), and among male patients it was 0.20% (95% CI, 0.17 to 0.23%; p [is less than] 0.05; Table 2).
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0984/is_4_116/ai_57562575 (1193 words)

	Incidence of Parkinson's Disease
		Twenty-five incidence studies were found, looking at populations throughout the world, and with populations as low as 8,000 to just under four million, though the number of incident cases was seven and about 400 (Figure 1).
		In most studies the peak incidence was between 70 and 79 years of age, though mean age of symptom onset was 60-65 years in eight studies and over 65 years in five studies.
		Incidence rates should be reported by standard age strata (deciles, for instance), with confidence intervals.
	www.jr2.ox.ac.uk /bandolier/booth/neurol/incpd.html (510 words)

	Nine-Year Trends in Cancer Incidence and Mortality
		Determination of changes in incidence at the state level must account for the year-to-year variability, and the fact that most underlying changes in the natural history of a cancer (e.g., changes in exposure or risk factors such as smoking) manifest themselves as changes in incidence slowly.
		Among Minnesota females, incidence and mortality of cancers of the lung and bronchus have increased significantly about three percent per year, and cancers of the larynx have increased nonsignificantly an average of one to two percent per year.
		Incidence and mortality rates for cancer of the oral cavity and cancer of the esophagus among females show little significant change over the nine-year period.
	www.health.state.mn.us /divs/hpcd/cdee/mcss/9trend.htm (1482 words)

	Cancer Incidence in the United States (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		There is indirect evidence that the increasing incidence for this cancer may be due to increased detection of clinically asymptomatic cases associated with increasing rates of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) over the period 1973-86 and increasing use of testing with prostatic specific antigen (PSA) since the late 1980s.
		In contrast to the significant increase in incidence among whites of 5.3 percent each year over the period 1975-79, the trend over the last 5-year period, 1987 to 1991, shows a slowing of the rate of increase to 1.8 percent per year.
		Incidence rates for cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx increased 38 percent among fl men and decreased 11 percent among white men over the period 1973-91.
	rex.nci.nih.gov /NCI_Pub_Interface/raterisk/rates18.html (325 words)

	Preliminary FoodNet Data on the Incidence of Foodborne Illnesses --- Selected Sites, United States, 2001
		Preliminary incidence figures for 2001 were calculated by using the number of cases of diagnosed infections or syndromes that FoodNet had identified as the numerator and 2000 population estimates as the denominator (4).
		During 1996--2001, the estimated incidence of Yersinia infections decreased 49% (95% confidence interval [CI]=35% to 60% decrease), Listeria decreased 35% (95% CI= 9% to 53% decrease), Campylobacter decreased 27% (95% CI=19% to 35% decrease), and Salmonella decreased 15% (95% CI=7% to 22% decrease).
		The incidence of Vibrio infections was 91% higher in 1997 than it was in 1996, reflecting the emergence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus O3:K6 (6), and has not shown a consistent change since; the incidence was 83% higher in 2001 than in 1996 (95% CI=3% to 224% increase).
	iier.isciii.es /mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5115a3.htm (2676 words)

	Brain Cancer Incidence in Children: Time to Look Beyond the Trends Medical and Pediatric Oncology 33:110-112 1999 James ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Their results showed that incidence rates of childhood brain cancer varied little from 1973-1984, a jump in rates occurred in 1984-1985, and a new baseline rate was established after 1985 that remained essentially stable through 1994.
		Cushman J. reshaping cancer strategy as incidence in children rises: increase may be tied to new chemicals in the environment.
		Incidence trends in childhood cancer in Queensland, 1973-1988.
	www.mindfully.org /Health/Brain-Cancer-Incidence-Children.htm (1544 words)

	CEH No.24 Epidemiology in Practice: Disease Incidence (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		There are two measures of incidence the incidence risk and the incidence rate (see box Measures of Incidence) The incidence risk is also known as the cumulative incidence It provides an estimate of the probability that an individual will develop a disease during a specified period of time.
		The incidence rate is likely to be a more accurate measure of disease incidence than the incidence risk because it takes into account the fact that, in most studies, not everyone is followed-up for all of the time.
		'Incidence' is a specific measure of disease burden in the population and must be distinguished from the prevalence of disease, although the two measures are related.
	www.jceh.co.uk /journal/24_06.asp (1353 words)

	ASM 15(4): Stroke (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The difference in the incidence rate of stroke in the young between the developed and developing countries may reflect dissimilarities in the age structure of the population.
		The incidence rate of 14 per 100,000 population and 15 per 100,000 population for males and females respectively from 15 to 45 years in Benghazi is lower than corresponding figures reported from the developed countries.
		The high incidence of risk factors among the stroke victims of Benghazi indicates that control of these factors is of paramount importance in the prevention of stroke in patients exposed to these risks.
	www.kfshrc.edu.sa /annals/154/94244/94244.html (1877 words)

	Incidence of clefts in Scotland (from CLAPA Ireland) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Incidence of Cleft Lip and Palate Deformities in the South-east of Scotland (1971-1990)
		This retrospective study reports the incidence of infants born with cleft lip and palate within the Edinburgh Cleft Units catchment area between 1971 and 1990.
		While the incidence varies from year to year with quite dramatic swings, the incidence between the first and second 10-year period was not statistically significant (1:727 v 1:695).
	www.cleft.ie /research/scotland.htm (331 words)

	Crohn's Disease in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1940-1993: Incidence, Prevalence, and Survival
		We studied the incidence and prevalence of Crohn's disease in Olmsted County, Minnesota, and examined temporal trends in incidence and survival.
		The adjusted incidence rate in the city of Rochester was 6.4 cases per 100,000 person-years (95% CI, 5.4-7.4), compared with an adjusted rate of 4.6 cases per 100,000 person-years in rural Olmsted County (95% CI, 3.4-5.8).
		Incidence and prevalence of ulcerative colitis in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1970-1993 (abstr).
	alan.kennedy.name /crohns/research/epidem/olmsted.htm (4736 words)

	Incidence (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Incidence is the number of new cases of a condition, symptom, death, or injury that arise during a specific period of time, such as a year.
		It is often expressed as a percentage of a population (e.g., 25% of American residents were diagnosed with the flu in 2002).
		Incidence conveys the likelihood that an individual in that population will be affected by the condition.
	www.shands.org /health/information/002387.htm (137 words)

	About Prevalence and Incidence Statistics - CureResearch.com
		The "prevalence" of a condition means the number of people who currently have the condition, whereas "incidence" refers to the annual number of people who have a case of the condition.
		A chronic incurable disease like diabetes can have a low incidence but high prevalence, because the prevalence is the cumulative sum of past year incidence rates.
		Some estimates of incidence for under-diagnosed conditions attempt to justify a larger incidence rate than is reported by doctors or medical authorities, whereas other rates may use only the official reported rates.
	www.cureresearch.com /admin/preval.htm (1296 words)

	18-INCIDENCE
		The annual incidence of thyroid cancer varies considerably in different registries, ranging from 1.2-2.6 per 100,000 individuals in men and from 2.0-3.8 per 100,000 in women (92, 93).
		In Hawaii, the incidence rate of thyroid cancer in each ethnic group is higher than that registered in their country of origin (94), and it is particularly common among Chinese males and Filipino females.
		In sharp contrast with these data concerning the incidence of clinical thyroid cancer, is the prevalence found in autopsy series or screening programs.
	www.thyroidmanager.org /Chapter18/18-Incidence.htm (612 words)

	About Prevalence and Incidence Statistics - WrongDiagnosis.com
		A short-duration curable condition such as the common cold can have a high incidence but low prevalence, because many people get a cold each year, but few people actually have a cold at any given time (so prevalence is low and is not a very useful statistic).
		That person will be on the incidence numbers only for the year they were diagnosed, and not in the year they die if they had the disease more than a year.
		Maximum of prevalence or incidence: Taking the maximum value of either of the prevalence and incidence numbers for a disease is a reasonably useful indicator that is used in certain places throughout this information.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /admin/preval.htm (1443 words)

	Preliminary FoodNet Data on the Incidence of Infection with Pathogens Transmitted Commonly Through Food --- Selected ...
		Preliminary incidence for 2003 was calculated by using the number of cases of diagnosed infections divided by 2002 population estimates (5).
		To account for the increased population and variation in the incidence among sites, a main effects log-linear Poisson regression model was used to estimate the effect of time on the incidence of the various pathogens by treating calendar year as a categorical variable.
		From 1997 to 2003, the incidence of Cryptosporidium infection decreased 51% (95% CI = 64% to 34% decrease).
	www.cdc.gov /mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5316a2.htm (1898 words)

	Incidence of Acute Hepatitis B - United States, 1990-2002
		In 1990, the incidence among men and women was 9.8 and 6.3, respectively; in 2002, the incidence was 3.7 and 2.2, respectively.
		In 2002, Baltimore County reported 50 acute hepatitis B cases (29 among men and 21 among women) for an overall incidence of 6.6; incidence for men and women was 8.1 and 5.3, respectively, with a male-to-female rate ratio of 1.5.
		The observed decline in the incidence of acute hepatitis B among children occurred coincident with an increase in hepatitis B vaccination coverage among children aged 19--35 months, from 16% in 1992 to 90% in 2000.
	www.natap.org /2004/jan/010504_19.htm (1521 words)

	Cancer Incidence and Mortality Tables
		Cancer incidence and mortality data, including information by age, by sex and race, by cancer site and by stage at diagnosis are available for Michigan counties and local health department districts.
		Total cancer incidence rates for fl and white females are comparable, while cancer incidence rates for all cancers are higher for fl males than for white males.
		This is due, in particular, to higher cancer incidence for fl males between the ages of 50 and 79.
	www.mdch.state.mi.us /PhA/OSR/cancer/Summary.asp (570 words)

	PlanetMath: incidence structure
		A simple incidence structure is also called a hypergraph (with points as vertices, and blocks as an extended type of ``edges'' that are no longer restricted to exactly two vertices each).
		Often, a simple incidence structure also has a simple dual, but the set theory formalism does not allow us to regard blocks as sets of points and simultaneously points as sets of blocks!
		This is version 4 of incidence structure, born on 2005-04-08, modified 2005-04-09.
	planetmath.org /encyclopedia/IncidenceStructures.html (977 words)

	Cancer Incidence in the U.S. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The incidence rates and trends by site for males and females, all races, white and fl, for the time period 19731991 appear in these three charts.
		Incidence rates for all cancer sites combined have increased for each race-sex group: 31 percent (white males), 15 percent (white females), 34 percent (fl males), and 18 percent (fl females).
		The incidence pattern for breast cancer varied with increases in the mid-1970s, decreases from the mid-1970s until the early 1980s, increases from the early 1980s until the late 1980s, and a leveling off of rates in the last couple of years.
	rex.nci.nih.gov /NCI_Pub_Interface/raterisk/rates16.html (355 words)

	Cancer Incidence in Indiana 1990 Chp.6 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		(1) The incidence rate for lung cancer appears to be declining among men in the U.S. in recent years, dropping from a high of 86.5 per 100,000 men in 1984 to a level of 79.6 in 1990.
		The incidence of lung cancer in women has climbed at an alarming rate, and this increase is clearly attributable to the increase in the prevalence of smoking.
		The incidence rate for 1990, based on reported cases, was 57.5 per 100,000 (84.5 for men, 37.9 for women).
	www.state.in.us /isdh/dataandstats/cancerinc/cancer90/chpt6_90.html (899 words)

	Incidence of Acute Hepatitis B --- United States, 1990--2002
		During 1990--2002, the incidence of acute hepatitis B declined 67%, from 8.5 per 100,000 population (21,102 total cases reported) to 2.8 per 100,000 population (8,064 total cases reported) (Figure).
		The observed decline in the incidence of acute hepatitis B among children occurred coincident with an increase in hepatitis B vaccination coverage among children aged 19--35 months, from 16% in 1992 to 90% in 2000 (3).
		Incidence and risk factors for acute hepatitis B in the United States, 1982--1998: implications for vaccination programs.
	www.cdc.gov /mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5251a3.htm (1901 words)

	Incidence (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Incidence of CHF increases steadily with age but is most striking after age decade 75-84.
		Because incidence is calculated as a population rate, the increased incidence rate cannot simply be the result of known increased survival of women compared to men.
		The incidence of something is the number of instances of illness commencing, or of persons falling ill, during a given period in a specified population.
	www.hcoa.org /hcoacme/chf-cme/chf00014.htm (294 words)

	Cancer Incidence in Indiana 1990 Chp.5
		In 1988, the incidence rates for fls and whites were similar, while the rate for males was higher than for females.
		Colorectal cancer is primarily a cancer of the older population, with incidence increasing with age.
		The incidence rates for colorectal cancer, like most other types of cancer, increase with age, with the highest rate being observed in those age 85 and over.
	www.state.in.us /isdh/dataandstats/cancerinc/cancer90/chpt5_90.html (980 words)

	Human Biology: What Is the Incidence of Cystic Fibrosis in Italy? Data from the National Registry (1988-2001)
		To correctly estimate disease incidence, we need to know the number of all CF subjects born in a country in a given time interval and the number of all live births in the same period.
		CF incidence rates were calculated as the ratio of the number of CF patients born between January 1, 1988, and December 31, 2001 (as recorded in the Registry), to the total number of live births [data issued by ISTAT, the Italian National Statistics Institute (ISTAT 2001)].
		The CF incidence values observed in each year and region were fitted with a general linear model that included reasons for diagnosis and types of mutation as covariates.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3659/is_200406/ai_n9427049 (1511 words)

	Recovering Incidence Functions - Liu, Bundy (ResearchIndex)
		Abstract: In incidence calculus, inferences are usually made by calculating incidence sets and computing probabilities of formulae based on a given incidence function in an incidence calculus theory.
		Incidence functions are vital for performing any further inference.
		However it is still the case that numerical values are assigned on some formulae directly without giving the incidence function.
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /118219.html (545 words)

	Prevalence and Incidence of Syphilis - WrongDiagnosis.com
		The term 'incidence' of Syphilis refers to the annual diagnosis rate, or the number of new cases of Syphilis diagnosed each year.
		Incidence of Syphilis: An estimated 70,000 sexually transmitted infections with Treponema pallidum, the cause of syphilis, occur each year in the United States.
		The incidence of syphilis has increased and decreased dramatically in recent years, with more than 11,000 cases reported in 1996.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /s/syphilis/prevalence.htm (493 words)

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