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Topic: Indian Antarctic Program

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	PIB Press Release
		The 23rd Indian Antarctic Expedition was launched in December,2003 from Cape Town, South Africa.
		Engineers of Indian Army in the XXIII IAE were assigned a summer period logistic task to create base and the structure to house the Absolute Gravimeter at an appropriate location adjacent to Maitri building.
		The establishment of National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research (NCAOR) at Goa as an exclusive polar research laboratory by the Department of Ocean Development is a reflection of India’s sustained and far-fetched interests in Antarctic science and protection of its environment.
	pib.nic.in /release/release.asp?relid=9451 (0 words)

	:: NASA Quest > Archives :: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		These investigators and supporting personnel make up the U.S. Antarctic Program, which carries forward the Nation's goals of supporting the Antarctic Treaty, fostering cooperative research with other nations, protecting the antarctic environment, and developing measures to ensure only equitable and wise use of resources.
		The program comprises research by scientists selected from universities and other research institutions and operations and support by a contractor and the Navy, the Air Force, the Army, and the Coast Guard.
		Antarctic Peninsula temperatures may reach 15øC, though the summer temperature usually is around 2øC. Winds to 90 meters per second have been recorded on the coast.
	quest.arc.nasa.gov /antarctica/background/NSF/brochure.html (0 words)

	Observations made by the MOS(IC) S&T and DOD while appraising the operations and scientific activities at the ...
		The minister observed that the international regime governing Antarctic affairs is still evolving and keeping the global strategic importance of Antarctica in view, we should conceptualize the various scientific programs and their mode of implementation in tune with our national objective.
		National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research (NCAOR) should be designated as the Nodal Agency to effectively deal with problems arising as a result of deputation of the personnel at Antarctica vis-à-vis their parent organization.
		For example in the Southern Ocean (where waters of Indian, Atlantic and Pacific Ocean meet, the region which is geopolitically defined to lie 60 degree South and beyond) the krill fishing is being undertaken by many states.
	dod.nic.in /pressbrief.htm (0 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Indian Antarctic Program (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Indian Programming Use Elance for Creative and Expert Help to Grow Your Business.
		Antarctic research vessel heads North to map Arctic waters.
		China's expanding maritime ambitions in the Western Pacific and the Indian Ocean.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Indian+Antarctic+Program (0 words)

	Antarctic Circumpolar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is a cold water current encircling the southern continent, driven by westerly winds.
		Antarctic-the farthest place close to home is an excellent resource, hosted by the American Museum of Natural History.
		Programs are taught by real scientists and feature a call-in question and answer session at the end of each lesson.
	www.bigelow.org /vendeeglobe/Antarctic_circumpolar.htm (0 words)

	IPY: International Polar Year
		High-resolution data from the Antarctic ice cores and the Southern Oceans which are synchronized with the existing records from the Northern Hemisphere, together with model simulations are called for to disentangle the complicated pattern of climate change and their probable interhemispheric linkages.
		The National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research (NCAOR) which is the nodal agency in India responsible for planning, co-ordinating and executing the entire gamut of the Indian Antarctic Program, will also organize and manage the entire project under the overall guidance of the National IPY Committee.
		As a part of the Indian IPY activities, NCAOR has already initiated action for identifying the national and international partners for this Project and for involving students from the University in the varied activities of the Project.
	www.ipy.org /development/eoi/details.php?id=850 (0 words)

	Our Beautiful World: Antarctic
		Antarctic, common name on the surrounding land- and oceanareas on the South Pole.
		The Antarctic is covered by an Icecap up to 4.200m thickness, averaging 1.500 to 2.000 m asl.
		Temperature in the air is seldom above the freezing point at 0° C, except for the coastline in Graham Land and on the islands in the north...
	www.vulkaner.no /n/globwarm/eantarctic.html (0 words)

	AGU Web Site: New Insights in Crustal Accretion from Indian Ocean Spreading Centers
		The Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR) separates the Antarctic and African plates and extends from the Bouvet Triple Junction in the South Atlantic to the Rodriguez Triple Junction in the Central Indian Ocean (Figure 1).
		The SWIR is influenced by its proximity to the Bouvet and Marion hotspots.
		In 1996 a RIDGE field program will explore an unmapped section of the SWIR between 15° E and 35° E. The objectives of this geophysical study are to characterize crustal accretion and segmentation in two contrasting domains: one consisting of linear ridge segments and one dominated by transform faults.
	www.agu.org /sci_soc/sempere.html (0 words)

	The Antarctic Sun: Antarctic currents
		“The Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the only global current that flows uninterrupted, so it can actually transport heat all over the Earth by transferring it from one ocean basin to the other,” said Janet Sprintall in a telephone interview from her office at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in San Diego.
		Computerized models for a doubling of heat-trapping carbon dioxide in the atmosphere depict a reduction in circulation in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current from 20 to 50 percent.
		The Antarctic Circumpolar Wave is a cycle the current goes through in its approximately eight-year journey around Antarctica.
	antarcticsun.usap.gov /oldissues2002-2003/Sun121502/current.html (0 words)

	NCAOR - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Reseach is an autonomous research and development institution of the Department of Ocean Development, Government of India.
		It is the primary organization responsible for administering the Indian Antarctic Program, and maintains the Indian Antarctic stations, Dakshin Gangorti and Maitri.
		The National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research (NCAOR) was established as an autonomous R and D Institution of the Department of Ocean Development (DOD) on the 25th May 1998.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/NCAOR (0 words)

	Canku Ota - NA Education Program Links (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The mission of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Office of Indian Education Programs, is to provide quality education opportunities from early childhood through life in accordance with Tribe's needs for cultural and economic well-being in keeping with the wide diversity of Indian Tribes and Alaska Native villages as distinct cultural and governmental entities.
		The mission of the National Indian Education Association is to support traditional Native cultures and values, to enable Native learners to become contributing members of their communities, to promote Native control of educational institutions, and to improve educational opportunities and resources for American Indians and Alaska Natives throughout the United States.
		The National Indian Telecommunications Institute is a dynamic, Native-founded and run organization dedicated to using the power of electronic technologies to provide American Indian, Native Hawaiian, and Alaskan Native communities with extensive educational tools, equal opportunity and a strong voice in self- determination.
	www.turtletrack.org /Links/NAEducation/CO_NAEducationProgramLinks.htm (0 words)

	Antarctic research vessel heads north to map Arctic waters
		An ice-breaking Antarctic research vessel will sail to the Arctic for the first time this summer to conduct a comprehensive survey of the chemistry, temperature and other characteristics of the waters off Alaska.
		The research vessel Nathaniel B. Palmer usually operates in the Southern Hemisphere for the U.S. Antarctic Program, which is managed by the National Science Foundation (NSF).
		During the 2002-2003 Antarctic research season, Healy, an icebreaker specifically designed to support polar research, was sent south to help keep open a vital sea-lane used to resupply McMurdo Station, NSF's scientific and logistical hub in Antarctica.
	www.brightsurf.com /news/june_03/NSF_news_061003.html (0 words)

	Indian Antarctic Program - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		India's Antarctic Programme opened in 1981 when the first Indian Expedition was flagged off for Antarctica from Goa.
		Subsequently, annual Antarctic expeditions are being sent through Department of Ocean Development / National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research (NCAOR).
		A third permanent Indian Antarctic Research Base Station is being planned and should be operational by 2008.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Indian_Antarctic_Program (0 words)

	India: Science and Technology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The prime objective of India's nuclear energy program is the development and use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes such as power generation, applications in agriculture, medicine, industry, research and other areas.
		The Indian achievement in the application of space-based remote sensing technology has led a US company to enter into an agreement for marketing the data from Indian satellites globally.
		The Council's research programs are directed towards effective utilization of the country's natural resources and development of new processes and products for economic progress.
	www.indianembassy.org /dydemo/science.htm (0 words)

	:: NASA Quest > Archives :: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		This program introduces and explores the geology, climate, location, scale, and history of the coldest, windiest, highest continent on Earth; one with 70 percent of all the world's fresh water, 90 percent of Earth's ice, and regions drier than the Gobi Desert.
		In addition to setting the scene for programs to come, this program will show how the United States conducts research in the Antarctic: the complex logistics involved, the communications systems required to stay alive, day- to-day existence for researchers working in extreme conditions, and the challenge and excitement of field research.
		Before watching the programs, have students think about what it would be like to live or work in a place like Antarctica.
	quest.arc.nasa.gov /antarctica/tg/program1.html (0 words)

	IceStory2000 Science in Depth
		Icestory 2000 concentrates on a first-ever American collaboration with the Chinese Antarctic program in which American and Chinese scientists are working side by side in the Southern Indian Ocean region of the Antarctic.
		Cindy Pilskaln, an oceanographer specializing in studies of carbon cycling in the ocean, is the Principal Investigator of the project, with Co-Investigators Dr.
		Indian Ocean edge of the Antarctic aboard the Chinese polar research ship Xue Long for about 6 weeks.
	www.marine.usf.edu /icestory2000/depth/Science2000.htm (0 words)

	Meteorology in Antarctica - Antarctic Connection (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Antarctica has become a base for collecting meteorological data, including information on the presence and effects of moisture, carbon dioxide, and electrified particles on the atmosphere, and the general circulation of the atmosphere.
		The Antarctic continent is named for "opposite of the Arctic" and is literally in many ways quite different from its northern counterpart.
		Since before the International Geophysical Year of 1957-58, all Antarctic stations have tried to collect daily meteorological observations and broadcast them to surrounding countries to help in weather forecasting.
	www.antarcticconnection.com /antarctic/science/meteorology.shtml (0 words)

	India News Online (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Ravindranathan of the Department of Ocean Development called for the support and cooperation of all member countries in India’s effort to maintain and uphold the ideals and goals of the Commission in the years to come.
		India has been actively involved in Antarctic Research since 1981 and has launched 17 expeditions was also launched to the Antarctic waters by India to study Krill fish biology and assess techno-economic feasibility of the potential use of Krill as a future source of protein food.
		In future, India would also be hosting the 1999 Council of Managers of National Antarctic Program (COMNAP) and Standing Committee on Antarctic Logistics and Operations (SCALOP) meeting at the Antarctic Study Center at Goa.
	www.indianembassy.org /inews/November98/3.htm (0 words)

	Oceanography in Antarctica - Antarctic Connection (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		This water, called Antarctic bottom water, is formed as seawater sinks to the ocean floor when ice shelves melt.
		One of the most important ocean processes-one that is uniquely related to the Antarctic-is ocean ventilation, the process by which the deep ocean affects the atmosphere on the time scale of decades to centuries.
		The Antarctic Convergence, which encircles Antarctica roughly 1,500 kilometers off the coast, divides the cold southern water masses and warmer northern waters.
	www.antarcticconnection.com /antarctic/science/oceanography.shtml (0 words)

	Workspaces — COMNAP (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Each member National Antarctic Program is represented on the Council by a national delegation comprising both its national “COMNAP Representative”, as head of delegation, and its national “SCALOP Representative”.
		The SCALOP Representative is by definition its nation's representative on the COMNAP Standing Committee on Antarctic Logistics and Operations (SCALOP) and is typically the Antarctic Program director/manager of logistics and operations.
		INFONET brings together those officers of the National Antarctic Programs that have to deal with practical and technical aspects of communicating to the public the activities of their National Antarctic Program.
	www.comnap.aq /workspaces (0 words)

	Antarctica - Article from FactBug.org - the fast Wikipedia mirror site (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		These claims have little practical relevance due to the Antarctic Treaty which came into effect in 1961, but continue to be observed by cartographers.
		In terms of latitude, the northern border is the 60° S parallel that does not cut through any piece of land, continent or island, which is the northern limit of the Antarctic treaty.
		The Antarctic Treaty prohibits any measures of a military nature in Antarctica, such as the establishment of military bases and fortifications, the carrying out of military manoeuvers, or the testing of any type of weapon.
	www.factbug.org /cgi-bin/a.cgi?a=741 (0 words)

	Department of Ocean Development - Performance Budget
		In addition to the ongoing programs in Antarctica, several new projects on palyno-stratigraphic studies, environmental monitoring, bio-ecological studies, psycho-physiological investigations and the application of non-conventional energy sources were successfully initiated.
		The XX Indian Scientific expedition to Antarctica was launched on 30 December 2000 from Cape Town, South Africa under the overall coordination and supervision of NCAOR.
		Another Indian scientist from Fishery Survey of India is participating in the Peruvian expedition to the Antarctic waters for krill resources assessment from January 2000.
	dod.nic.in /pyr01-02/pb01-02.htm (0 words)

	Antarctic Image Chronology
		After conducting coastline sightings for 1500 miles, Wilkes concludes the Antarctic is, indeed, a continent, and his expedition's published charts are the first to declare the landmass as such.
		Five views of Antarctic headlands are made to accompany the chart of the Antarctic coastline mapped during the voyage, images that presumably were produced with the use of the camera lucida carried on board.
		Utilizing both historical stills and footage of the Arctic and Antarctic, particularly photographs by Hurley and film by Ponting, it is a fictional interview set in Ireland during 1941 with the only surviving member of the Hollandia South Pole Expedition, 1905-06.
	www.antarctic-circle.org /fox.htm (0 words)

	Chronology 1939
		The Norwegian government laid claim to one million square miles of Antarctic territory from 20 degrees West Longitude to 45 degrees East Longitude, the region between Coats Land and Enderby Land.
		In response, Gandhi introduced a policy of reconciliation with the native Indian princes.
		Representatives addressed the regulation of written contracts for indigenous workers, the recruitment and labor conditions of migrant workers, penal sanctions for breaches of contract by indigenous workers, and the regulation of work hours and periods of rest in the road transportation industry.
	www.indiana.edu /~league/1939.htm (0 words)

	Maitri — 70South - Antarctic News, Antarctic Information, Interactive and Updated Daily... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The scientific program is a interdisciplinary one with members drawn from various national organisations and universities.
		The logistic team are drawnfrom the Indian Army to help in maintaining the sation, generators and land convoy.
		The scientific endeavour are varied; from the study of moving glaciers to ionospheric study.
	www.70south.com /resources/antarctic-bases/maitri (0 words)

	ExpeditionTrips.com - Research
		Most trips visit the Antarctic Peninsula, as this is where the majority of penguins nest.
		The Antarctic season is between late November and early March.
		Most of the vessels that travel to the Antarctic also carry Zodiacs, rubberized landing craft that enable passengers to journey away from the ship and land virtually anywhere.
	www.expeditiontrips.com /research/antarctica-cruises-planning.asp (0 words)

	ICT [2006/05/26] A plea to the pope: Rescind the papal bulls
		Oneida Indian Nation of New York decision, denying the right of the Oneida Indian Nation unilaterally to re-establish sovereignty on its own reacquired aboriginal territory.
		Although subsequent Supreme Court cases try to cover it up, this doctrine is really that of Christian discovery, the superior right of the Catholic monarchs of Europe to enlighten the pagan Natives of the New World (and, incidentally, take over their land.) And this right derives from a series of papal declarations starting in 1454.
		This line ''from the Arctic to the Antarctic Pole'' cut through the western tip of South America, which is why Brazilians now speak Portuguese instead of Spanish.
	www.indiancountry.com /content.cfm?id=1096413041 (0 words)

	Global Volcanism Program \| Additional Reports \| Volcanoes of Antarctica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Jun Jaegyu is a young volcano near the Antarctic Peninsula visited in May 2004 by researchers from a group of United States and Canadian universities aboard the U.S. National Science Foundation research vessel Laurence M. Gould (Cruise LMG04-04).
		The volcano is located on the Antarctic continental shelf in the southern Antarctic Sound, ~ 9 km N of the easternmost point of Andersson Island and NW of Rosamel Island (figure 1), N of the mapped boundary of Late Cenozoic volcanic rocks.
		He was participating in the Korean Antarctic Program through their geophysical observatory based in the South Shetland Islands (King Sejong Station, established in 1988 on the Barton Peninsula, King George Island at 62°13.4818'S, 58°47.4744'W).
	www.volcano.si.edu /world/vol_extra.cfm?name=Jun+Jaegyu (0 words)

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