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Topic: Indian Caecilian

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	Caecilian - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Caecilians are found in most of the tropic areas of South-East Asia, Africa and South America, except the dry areas and the high mountains.
		The male Caecilians have a penis-like organ, the phallodeum, which is inserted into the cloaca of the female for 2 to 3 hours.
		Large Caecilians dubbed "ingots" plagued the French occupation of Indochina in the years before the Vietnam war.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Caecilian (643 words)

	Caecilian. Who is Caecilian? What is Caecilian? Where is Caecilian? Definition of Caecilian. Meaning of Caecilian.
		Caecilians' feet have degenerated, making the smaller species resemble worms, while the larger species with lengths up to 1.5 m resemble snakes.
		All caecilians share two tentacles at their head, which are probably used for the olfactory sense additional to the normal nose.
		The male caecilians have a penis-like organ, the phallodeum, which is inserted into the cloake of the female for 2 to 3 hours.
	www.knowledgerush.com /kr/encyclopedia/Caecilian (592 words)

	The Hindu : National : Amphibian bounty in the Western Ghats
		The results of the study, which appeared in a recent issue of the journal Current Science, indicates that the number of species of caecilian (limbless) amphibians in the thickly forested Western Ghats is growing rapidly.
		The Indian caecilian amphibian burrows the soil and special digging effort is needed to bring it out.
		Studying the DNA of a variety of animals, in a separate international research effort, scientists discovered that, despite extended periods during which India and Sri Lanka were connected by stretches of land during the past 500,000 years, migration of animals between the two regions was severely restricted.
	www.hinduonnet.com /2004/10/22/stories/2004102208142200.htm (489 words)

	The Hindu Business Line : A rare amphibian
		The spotting of the caecilian, styled Gegeneophis danieli, was the first-ever in the world, says an excited 33-year old Giri, research assistant, herpetology section, Bombay Natural History Society.
		In India, there are 225-odd amphibian species of which 21 belong to the caecilian species; of this 21, 16 are restricted to the Western Ghats.
		The abstract published in Zootaxa says: "A new species of Indian caeciliid caecilian, Gegeneophis danieli (Amphibia: Gymnophiona), is described from a single specimen from the Western Ghats of southern Maharashtra.
	www.thehindubusinessline.com /2003/11/23/stories/2003112300741600.htm (370 words)

	WWW Virtual Library: Magnificent Wilpattu
		Unfortunately the Indian antivenom does not address all the life-threatening aspects of the venom of the Sri Lankan race of Russell’s viper.
		Often Sri Lankan doctors are forced to administer large doses of Indian Russell’s viper antivenom, with all the inherent problems of hypersensitivity and allergic reactions which in themselves can be life-threatening, if the patient is to recover.
		From a personal standpoint Mark is also excited to find his first wild caecilian (a legless amphibian) and handle his first living shieldtail (a strange burrowing snake) but many of these species failed to make the final film.
	www.lankalibrary.com /wlife/snakes4.htm (2592 words)

	The hills are alive with diverse species - Sify.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		But in certain conditions, laterite occurs as a platform or plateau technically known as "duricrust" and if rich in iron, "ferricrete." The appearance of the duricrust is so stark and different from the surrounding vegetated areas that it has a special name in local land classification.
		For a non-expert a caecilian can pass as an earthworm but Amboli for Varad Giri is caecilian land and on our trip we snapped up nine caecilians.
		Caecilians are legless, burrowing amphibians with an elongated body.
	sify.com /finance/fullstory.php?id=13890334 (1100 words)

	World of Pets - Caecilians, care, housing etc (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Caecilians are legless amphibians of the order Gymnophiona, some species of which are kept as pets.
		Caecilians are found throughout most of northeast South America, a few patches in southeast Africa, and much of southern Asia.
		This caecilian is common on the beautiful Seychelles Islands in the Indian Ocean.
	www.worldofpetsni.com /caecill.htm (1500 words)

	Froglog 43-2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Very little is known about these species which were described in the beginning of the last century.
		However only three of them are included in Schedule-IV of the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 and none have been assigned CITES categories.
		Currently, a study on the assessment of the current status of these ten endemic and poorly known species is being carried out with financial assistance from the Smithsonian Institution as a Trainee’s Fellowship of the Wildlife Conservation and Management Training Program.
	www.open.ac.uk /daptf/froglog/FROGLOG-43-2.html (294 words)

	Caecilian (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		They mostly live hidden in the ground which makes them the least explored order of amphibians.
		Caecilians' feet and tails have degenerated, making the smaller species resemble worms, while the larger species with lengths up to 1.5 m resemble snakes.
		Their skin is smooth and usually dark-matt, and bears some calcite scales which suggests that they are related with the fossil Stegocephalia.
	www.portaljuice.com /caecilian.html (198 words)

	Welcome To The BNHS Website
		The Bombay Natural History Society is today the largest non-government organisation (NGO) in the Indian sub-continent engaged in nature conservation research.
		In the 120 years of its existence, its commitment has been, and continues to be, the conservation of India's natural wealth, protection of the environment and sustainable use of natural resources for a balanced and healthy development for future generations.
		A team of researchers from BNHS while doing a survey of herpetofauna in the Western Ghats of Maharashtra came across an interesting species of caecilian, a leg less amphibian near Koyna, in Satara district.
	www.bnhs.org (576 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Catalogue of the Batrachia salientia and Apoda (frogs, toads and caecilians) of Southern India.
		Biogeography and taxonomic uncertanities as illustrated by Indian amphibians Cobra.24:2 -6.
		Observations on the caecilian Ichthyophis beddomii Peters from Kotegehar Dist.,Chikmagalur, Mysore.
	wgbis.ces.iisc.ernet.in /biodiversity/database/amphiref.php (2675 words)

	Publiations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Measey, G.J. Oommen, O.V. and Wilkinson, M. Snakes in the diet of an Indian caecilian.
		Measey, G.J. and Di Bernardo, M. Estimating juvenile recruitment to a population of the semi-aquatic caecilian,
		Measey, G.J., Gower, D.J., Oommen, O.V. and Wilkinson, M. (2003) A pilot mark-recapture study of the caecilian amphibian Gegeneophis ramaswamii (Amphibia: Gymnophiona: Caeciliidae) in southern
	john.measey.com /publications.htm (330 words)

	Uraeotyphlidae (Nussbaum, 1979)
		Caecilian Families, and the Taxonomic Model - General introduction to the caecilian families (under development).
		Caecilian Biology - Introduction to Anuran Biology and Physiology (under development).
		See also the complete Amphibian Gallery, and the Member Galleries.
	www.livingunderworld.org /gymnophiona/database/uraeotyphlidae (273 words)

	Amphibian Species of the World - Grandisonia larvata (Ahl, 1934) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Synonymy by Taylor, 1968, Caecilians of the World, : 760.
		Grandisonia larvata — Taylor, 1968, Caecilians of the World: 760.
		Indian Ocean Caecilian (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl.
	research.amnh.org /herpetology/amphibia/references.php?id=24429 (130 words)

	Archived Features
		New species of wolf spider from crop fields of the Sunderban estuary, West Bengal, India.
		A new caecilian species from Western Ghats of India.
		A new species of the genus Conaspidia from India and review of the Indian species.
	www.ncbi.org.in /news/fow/archive.jsp?today=15-APR-05 (915 words)

	Amphibian Species of the World - Ichthyophis peninsularis Taylor, 1960
		Biol., 1: 8, noted the imprecision of this type locality.
		Kerala Caecilian (Das and Dutta, 1998, Hamadryad, 23: 67).
		Known only from the vicinity of the imprecise type locality (Kerala, India) and Madras (Tamil Nadu, India).
	research.amnh.org /herpetology/amphibia/references.php?id=24720 (132 words)

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