Indian Emergency (1975 - 77)

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Topic: Indian Emergency (1975 - 77)

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	THE LEADER VIEW: The Other Emergency: Indian State Has Stifled Intellectual Freedom - The Times of India
		Long before an emergency was imposed on the country by prime minister Indira Gandhi in 1975-77, an emergency was imposed on Indian higher education in the early 1970s.
		Indian higher education is still waiting for politicians with vision, who will trust the intellectuals more than they trust the bureaucrats of the ministries of education, culture, information, home and foreign affairs.
		The ever-insecure new prime minister was eager to prove her progressive credentials in the battle against the verna-cular elite who had come to dominate the Indian National Congress.
	www.timesofindia.com /articleshow/945794.cms (883 words)

	Congress parties in Indian politics
		Between the years 1975-77 Indira Gandhi proclaimed emergency rule.
		Even so Indira Gandhi was sure that the Indian people supported her because her general intention of making India a better place and so she declared elections in 1977.
		Mahatma Gandhi who was the father figure of the Congress party, suggested to transform the Indian National Congress into a charity organization, because the main cause of the Congress party was achieved.
	adaniel.tripod.com /congress.htm (883 words)

	Janata Party - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Janata Party (People's Party in Hindi) was an Indian political party that contested the Indian Emergency (1975-77) and became the first political party to defeat the Indian National Congress in the 1977 elections, forming the national government from 1977 to 1980.
		Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, a Janata leader was elected the President of India in 1977 upon the death of the incumbent Fakhruddin Ahmed.
		Prime Minister Indira Gandhi had led her Indian National Congress to a landslide majority in the Parliament of India in the 1971 elections, and after the Bangladesh Liberation War of 1971, her popularity was meteoric.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Janata_Party (1135 words)

	Janata Party - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Janata Party (People's Party in Hindi) was an Indian political party that contested the Indian Emergency (1975-77) and became the first political party to defeat the Indian National Congress in the 1977 elections, forming the national government from 1977 to 1980.
		Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, a Janata leader was elected the President of India in 1977 upon the death of the incumbent Fakhruddin Ahmed.
		The major ones included the Bharatiya Lok Dal led by Charan Singh, the Congress (O) led by Morarji Desai, the Bharatiya Jana Sangh led by Atal Bihari Vajpayee, the Swatantra Party and the Socialists.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Janata_Party (1137 words)

	Manas: History and Politics, Constitution of India
		During the internal emergency of 1975-77, proclaimed by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, the Constitution was sadly rendered ineffective.
		The Indian state, however, has been ax in its commitment to enforce the "directive principles", and constitutional rights have been abrogated much too often.
		The Indian Constitution is one of the largest in the world, and comprehensive and sweeping in its scope.
	www.sscnet.ucla.edu /southasia/History/Independent/indep.html (360 words)

	Australian Parliamentary Library - 1996-97 Research Paper 5
		Congress under Indira Gandhi lost the 1977 election in a popular backlash against the suspension of democratic rights during the 1975-77 Emergency, but regained power in the 1980 elections after the Janata Party coalition government collapsed.
		Congress became one of the key binding political institutions in the post-independence Indian state, with a strong network of party organisations extending down to the village level where the mass of the Indian people lived.
		Voting produced a parliament which was divided into three groupings of roughly similar size: the right-wing Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and two small allied parties, controlling 194 of the 545 seats, the centrist Congress Party with 136 seats, and the populist/leftist United Front, a grouping of several parties, controlling 177 seats.
	www.aph.gov.au /library/pubs/rp/1996-97/97rp5.htm (360 words)

	Indira Gandhi was intolerant, encouraged corruption: book
		And the worst traits in her personality came to the fore under the influence of her politically ambitious younger son Sanjay Gandhi, particularly during the infamous emergency rule of 1975-77, says the book by B.N. Tandon, who was joint secretary in the Prime Minister's Office from 1969 to 1976.
		Former Indian prime minister Indira Gandhi may still be held in great esteem but she was a woman of many weaknesses who encouraged corruption and was intolerant to dissent, says a new book by a former aide.
		Gandhi ruled the country for 16 years in two spells until she was assassinated on October 31, 1984.
	www.hvk.org /articles/1002/198.html (585 words)

	Anecdote - Indira Nehru Gandhi - Constitution of India
		Gandhi, Indira Nehru (1917-1984) Indian politician, prime minister (1966-77, 1980-84) [noted for her declaration of a state of emergency (1975), for her handling of the Amritsar massacre, and for her assassination by Sikh extremists (1984)]
		Indira Gandhi won such sweeping victories in the elections of 1971 and 1972 that she was soon accused of electoral fraud.
		[Trivia: Gandhi was assassinated in 1984- by a member of her own bodyguard.]
	www.anecdotage.com /index.php?aid=12035 (188 words)

	Amazon.com: Indira: The Life of Indira Nehru Gandhi: Books: Katherine Frank
		This is a thorough and critical account of the life of Indira Gandhi, concentrating on her early life and her relationship with her father Jawaharlal Nehru, then on to her time a Prime Minister, the Emergency of 1975-77, the influence of her son Sanjay, and finally her violent death.
		She was voted out of office in 1977 but amazingly voted back in in 1980, in part because her years in power had allowed her to keep the opposition weak, disorganized and divided.
		A guide by Shashank Tripathi, An Indian looking back from the outside..
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/039573097X?v=glance (2454 words)

	NameTraq Last Name: Pandit
		Recalling the days of the 1975-77 emergency rule, Advani said the Congress party had alienated itself even from democracy.
		Pandit Jasraj, renowned exponent of Indian classical music and recipient of the Padma Shree award, was overcome with nostalgia, when he visited his native...
		A disciple of late Pandit Govind Jaipurwale of Kunwar Shyam gharana and the Tulsidas Gosain gharana of Jaipur, known for its intricate tankaari and layakari...
	www.nametraq.org /Jan04/P/Pandit.shtml (2454 words)

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Topic: Indian Emergency (1975 - 77)

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