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	Indian rebellion of 1857 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Due to missionary activity some Indians came to believe that the British intended to forcibly convert them to Christianity, a view which was perhaps not entirely unfounded, as the British religious fashion of the time was Evangelism, and many British East India Company officers took it upon themselves to try to convert their Sepoys.
		Indians were unhappy with the heavy-handed rule of the Company which had embarked on a project of rather rapid occupation and westernisation.
		Many Indians supported the British, partly due to their dislike at the idea of return of Mughal rule and partly because of the lack of a notion of Indianness, These very forces were crucial to the British re-conquest of the independent areas.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Indian_Mutiny (4445 words)

	Indian Mutiny (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Indian Mutiny (also known as the Sepoy Mutiny) as known to the British or The First War Of Indian Independence as known to the Indians was period of uprising in northern and central India against British rule in 1857 - 1858.
		Indians were dissatisfied with the heavy-handed rule the British East India Company who had embarked on a project rather rapid westernization.
		Sepoys were native Indian soldiers serving in army of the East India Company under NCOs and officers trained in the company's own military school in England.
	www.freeglossary.com /Indian_Mutiny (1817 words)

	The Indian Mutiny, 1857
		Indian uprisings against British rule, however, were unsuccessful due to the superior technology and organization of the British army.
		In 1857, with the outbreak of the Indian Mutiny, India witnessed its first war of independence against the British.
		Meerut witnessed the first serious outbreak of the Indian Mutiny when angry sepoys broke open the town jail and released their comrades, who had refused to bite the new cartridges.
	www.victorianweb.org /history/empire/mutiny.html (1019 words)

	Indian Mutiny - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Indian Mutiny (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		A scene from the Indian Mutiny of 1857–58, in a painting by the Scottish painter Orlando Norie.
		Revolt of Indian soldiers (sepoys) against the British in India from 1857 to 1858.
		The majority of support for the mutiny came from the army and recently dethroned princes, but in some areas it developed into a peasant uprising and general revolt.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /Indian+Mutiny (309 words)

	Indian Mutiny. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		The Indian soldiers were dissatisfied with their pay as well as with certain changes in regulations, which they interpreted as part of a plot to force them to adopt Christianity.
		The mutiny spread rapidly through N central India, and, by the end of June, Cawnpore (Kanpur) had fallen to the sepoys of Nana Sahib, and Lucknow was besieged.
		Although it is too much to say that the mutiny constituted a nationalist uprising, it was at that time that the first stirrings of active Indian nationalism began to be felt.
	www.bartleby.com /65/in/IndianMu.html (586 words)

	Indian Mutiny (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In 1857, the Indian Mutiny broke out and it rapidly became the greatest of all the imperial wars.
		It was followed avidly by the British public and as the myths of the Mutiny grew it came to be seen almost as a latter-day British Iliad with gentleman-warriors of homeric proportions manfully defending the position, dignity and God-given duty of their race.
		Though the Mutiny dragged on for almost two years it was effectively fought and won in a six-month whirlwind of murder, siege, atrocity, forced marches, heroism, savagery and brutality.
	www.geocities.com /Broadway/Alley/5443/indmut.htm (420 words)

	Indian Mutiny (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Many Indians believed that the British were seeking to destroy traditional Indian social, religious and cultural customs, a view shared by the sepoys of the Bengal Army, a substantial number of whom were high-caste Brahmins.
		The Mutiny began in earnest at Meerut on 10 May 1857 when 85 members of the 3rd (Bengal) Light Cavalry who had been imprisoned for refusing the cartridges were rescued by Indian comrades.
		The Indian soldiers were issued with a rifle that was inferior to that of their British counterparts and given only limited logistical support.
	www.national-army-museum.ac.uk /pages/indian.html (913 words)

	Indian Mutiny -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Indian Mutiny of 1857 was a rebellion against British rule by a large part of the Bengal army in India.
		The mutiny, which was confined to the north, was the most serious threat to British rule in India in the 19th century.
		Analysis of the Indian mutiny of 1857 with an emphasis on its causes.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article?tocId=9042288 (899 words)

	graham.htm
		The Indian Mutiny campaigns were [therefore] slow and ponderous affairs because of the great distances involved and the backward forms of communication and transport available to the military commanders.)...
		The mutiny created a great deal of bitterness in relations between Anglo-Indians and Indians, although certain groups such as the martial classes were exempted by the British from this ill-feeling.
		Certainly, their place in mutiny historiography is now as assured as are the events they describe in the history of British imperialism and of the Indian subcontinent.
	www.proni.gov.uk /records/private/graham.htm (3363 words)

	Reader's Companion to Military History - - Indian Mutiny of 1857 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Indian mutiny, the British name for the 1857 uprising against British rule, is remembered by Indians as the First War for Indian Independence.
		Indian troops in British service at Meerut sparked it off on May 10, killing their British officers rather than bite off the tips of new, greased cartridges that they believed had been smeared with beef and pork fat in violation of both the Hindu and Muslim faiths.
		Atrocities had in fact been committed by Indians, but British officers committed atrocities of their own—blowing prisoners from cannon without trial, hanging innocent civilians from trees along their line of march—well before they had concrete evidence of the enemy's transgressions.
	college.hmco.com /history/readerscomp/mil/html/mh_024300_indianmutiny.htm (279 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Books: The Indian Mutiny: 1857 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		This account of the Indian Mutiny tends to fall between the two extremes - the lists of regiments who mutinied reflecting the less interesting aspect that contrast sharply with the shocking stories of the atrocities against women and children as told through letters and other accounts.
		Having explained the build-up to the mutiny – but not in enough depth I felt – Saul drew a picture of what was happening across the affected areas of India.
		The Indian mutiny is a subject which has often been taken up whether by other historians, such as Christopher Hibbert (who compared to this wrote a rather turgid account), or even in fiction.
	www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/0141005548 (1646 words)

	INDIAN MUTINY OF 1857 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		INDIAN MUTINY OF An account of the great Mutiny with a well-reasoned analysis of the real reasons for the outbreak - and it wasn’t the popular version of greased cartridges.
		Received knowledge has it that the Indian Mutiny was the result of the greased cartridge which appeared at the beginning of 1857, but in truth trouble was simmering among the Bengal Army native soldiers well before, and the cartridges were used as a catalyst.
		Conspirators spread the news that the new cartridge was smeared with the fat of a pig or a cow, the one hateful to the Mohammedans the other the sacred animal of the Hindus.
	www.indiaman.com /book_details/5459.htm (352 words)

	ipedia.com: Indian Mutiny Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Indian Mutiny (also known as the Sepoy Mutiny) as known to the British or The First War Of Indian Independence as known to the Indians was a period of uprising in northern and central India against British rule in 1857-1858.
		Indians came to believe -- with some justification -- that the British intended to convert them to Christianity.
		Sepoys were native Indian soldiers serving in the army of the East India Company under British NCOs and officers trained in the company's own military school in England.
	www.ipedia.com /indian_mutiny.html (1840 words)

	The 1857 Indian Mutiny (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		"We could subdue the mutiny of 1857, formidable as it was, because it spread through only a part of the army, because people did not actively sympathize with it, and because it was possible to find native Indian races who would fight on our side.
		The revolt, mutiny, or rebellion, which some have seen as the first Indian war of independence, began on May 10, 1857.
		Indian soldiers of the British Indian Army, drawn mostly from Muslim units from Bengal, mutinied at the Meerut cantonment near Delhi, starting a year-long insurrection against the British.
	www.victorianweb.org /history/empire/1857.html (506 words)

	Kamat's Potpourri: First Indian War of Independence (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		It was a remarkable event in Indian history and marked the end of the Mogul empire and sealed India's fate as a British colony for the next 100 years.
		Kanpur, a city controlled by British on the Ganges 250 miles southeast of Delhi, surrendered to the Indian soldiers on June 28, 1857, and was the scene of a massacre before it was recaptured by the British on July 16.
		It was not until the emergence of Indian National Congress and Mahatma Gandhi that Indians re-gathered their momentum for home rule.
	www.kamat.com /kalranga/itihas/1858.htm (918 words)

	The Epic of Race: The Indian Mutiny, 1857
		In 1857, the Indian Mutiny broke out and with it, the British colonial administration fought its greatest imperial war.
		The British saw the India Mutiny as a fight against "barbarians who were rejecting the benefits of civilization" but as the suppression developed, the atrocities committed by both sides became obvious.
		The Indian Mutiny was even called the 'epic of the Race' by historian Sir Charles Crostwaithe and though in the modern context, this sounds ridiculous but it was nothing more than an illustration of Victorian British confidence and arrogance.
	www.victorianweb.org /history/empire/epic.html (1048 words)

	SikhSpectrum.com Monthly. The Truth About the Indian Mutiny of 1857
		Moreover, as the mutiny later turned out to be there appeared to be nothing national or patriotic in it to appeal to the noble sentiments of the Sikhs to attract them, to the side of the mutineers.
		The indiscriminate massacre of Indian Christians on the basis of their religion and of unsuspecting Englishmen, and their innocent women and children, were the worst type of blood-thirstiness that sent throughout the country a thrill of horror and hatred against the mutineers and alienated the sympathies of their prospective friends.
		The mutiny could not, as such, be called a general mutiny of the Indian Army.
	www.sikhspectrum.com /082004/1857_mutiny_g_s.htm (5546 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Books: The Indian Mutiny: 1857 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Indian Mutiny of 1857 was the bloodiest insurrection in the history of the British Empire.
		The first is that the mutiny was not a spontaneous uprising with one simple cause (the beef/pork tallow cartridge issue).
		David's second point, that the mutiny could have succeeded, he proves his point by showing that since the mutiny had spread to several areas, and since the British were substantially outnumbered by the natives, the outcome was dicey for many months.
	www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/0670911372 (989 words)

	BBC - History - The Indian Mutiny 1857 - 1858 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In 1857, Indian soldiers - Hindu and Muslim - opposed their British commanders following a series of insensitive military demands which disrespected traditional beliefs.
		The opposition mutated into rebellion and several communities in northern India and Bengal were attacked and their populations killed.
		The mutiny led to the end of East India Company rule in India and its replacement by direct British governmental rule.
	www.bbc.co.uk /history/timelines/britain/vic_indian_mutiny.shtml (121 words)

	Indian Mutiny Of 1857 - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Our Bones Are Scattered: The Cawnpore Massacres and the Indian Mutiny of 1857.
		The great Indian Mutiny;: A dramatic account of the Sepoy Rebellion
		The Red Fort;: The story of the Indian mutiny of 1857
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /indian_mutiny_of_1857.htm (102 words)

	The Indian Mutiny of 1857-8
		To consolidate this new territory, some degree of Westernisation was introduced: an Indian railway and road system was developed and the first three Indian universities were founded, creating a tier of higher-caste men educated according to the British system but not fully incorporated into those careers of civil service and army awaiting them.
		Both the annexation and consolidation heightened tension between government and population and mutiny was inevitable when the Indian section of the army was allocated cartridges smeared with the fat of cows and pigs, unclean to both Hindu and Muslim elements.
		Historians agree that the mutiny was characterised by violent reprisals on either side but, at least in British historical tradition, the most significant events are the massacres at Meerut, Cawnpore and Lucknow; post-mutiny literature dwelling on the fate of women and children especially.
	www.qub.ac.uk /english/imperial/india/mutiny.htm (425 words)

	Free Essay on Sepoy Mutiny of 1857 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Secondly, the introduction in 1857 of the `new Enfield rifle
		mutiny because of the failings of the army, in terms of discipline and
		Indian nationalist view of the events of 1857 are that it was not as
	www.freeforessays.com /show_essay/13136.html (522 words)

	Indian Mutiny Background (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In 1857 the total number of soldiers in India was 34,000 Europeans of all ranks and 257,000 sepoys.
		The closeness of the British and the Indians so apparent in the early days of the British presence started to fade and by 1857 it was a gulf.
		The cantonment was put to the torch and after a few hours of mayhem the sepoys, fearing retaliation as the British recovered and organized the European forces, fled down the main road to Delhi and the Palace of Bahadur Shah, the last of the Moghuls.
	www.geocities.com /Broadway/Alley/5443/indmut2.htm (1210 words)

	Life and Society in British India - Topic 4 The Indian Mutiny of 1857
		Where there is dispute, and it is ongoing, concerns the causes of the mutiny and to a lesser extent its consequences.
		Thus if the Mutiny is categorised as a 'War of Independence' then it follows that its causes must be a love of country, a desire for freedom, and a concept of nationhood.
		Pemble, The Raj, the Indian Mutiny and the Kingdom of Oudh 1801-1859
	www-personal.une.edu.au /~hbrasted/kipling/topic04.html (832 words)

	Centre of South Asian Studies, Cambridge
		Contact with Indian officers and families both in the Regiment and out, and description of visits, especially in the early months of 1926; Jat class regiments and Ranghars, upon whose state he comments; mutiny stories; met Tyndale-Biscoe June 1927; notes on the King of Afghanistan's visit to Bombay 1927; visits Goa.
		This volume is very much the same but there is far more detail about Indians; he travels round visiting pensioned Jat officers and N.C.O.s in their villages; there is quite a lot on Kashmir, where he goes on leave and where he is stationed; the descriptions of Indian life increase.
		This is an enthusiastic and nostalgic account of the career of an officer of the Indian Army during the years 1932 to 1947, much of it spent with the 1 st Battalion of the 15th Punjab Regiment.
	www.s-asian.cam.ac.uk /Handlist_H.htm (12068 words)

	George (William) Brendish and the Indian Mutiny of 1857 by Steve Brendish
		His telegram warned the Punjab of the outbreak of the mutiny, crucially preventing it spreading to that region.
		On 10th May 1857 the Mutiny began in Meerut and quickly spread to Delhi.
		Shortly after the Mutiny had begun, the telegraph wires between Meerut and Delhi were cut by the Sepoys and on the same day William Brendish, a telegraph signaller, was sent out on foot to find the fault with the Meerut telegraph line.
	www.alphalink.com.au /~agilbert/paintin1.html (1014 words)

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