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Topic: Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System

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	Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In a United Nations conference held in January 2005 in Kobe, Japan, it was decided that, as an initial step towards an International Early Warning Programme, the UN should establish an Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System.
		Really the only way to mitigate a tsunami is through a sufficient early warning system.
		Other methods, such as tsunami walls, etc., only work for a percentage of waves, but a warning system is able to work for all waves outside a certain radius of the coastline.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Indian_Ocean_Tsunami_Warning_System (200 words)

	2004 Indian Ocean earthquake - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, known by the scientific community as the Sumatra-Andaman earthquake, was an undersea earthquake that occurred at 00:58:53 UTC (07:58:53 local time) on December 26, 2004.
		Thus, the Indian state of Kerala was hit by the tsunami despite being on the western coast of India, and the western coast of Sri Lanka also suffered substantial impacts.
		Tsunamis are much more frequent in the Pacific Ocean because of earthquakes in the "Ring of Fire", and an effective tsunami warning system has long been in place there.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/2004_Indian_Ocean_earthquake (6420 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Science/Nature \| Indian Ocean tsunami warning system
		Unlike the Pacific, the Indian Ocean did not have a system to alert residents of coastal areas that a tsunami was imminent.
		Until the Indian Ocean system has been fully developed, centres in Japan and Hawaii are forwarding alerts to countries in the region.
		The most recent meeting of the UN's Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System group also recommended mapping coastal zones to work out which locations are most at risk of flooding and to which areas it would be safe to evacuate people in the event of an emergency.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/sci/tech/4524642.stm (1009 words)

	CNN.com - Getting word out a challenge in tsunami warnings - Feb 4, 2005
		Officials in the region and in the U.S. are examining warning systems.
		Since tsunamis battered the coastlines of the United States and Japan in the 1960s, an international effort to establish the Tsunami Warning System was formalized in 1965.
		Since tsunamis are less common in the Indian Ocean, far away from the volcanic "Ring of Fire" tracing the coasts of Japan and the shores of Alaska and South America, there was little concern until the recent disaster.
	www.cnn.com /2005/TECH/science/01/06/tsunami.science (1001 words)

	NDM Article - Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System to Become Operational in 2006
		A tsunami warning system for the Indian Ocean may become operational as early as next summer, according to an expert familiar with the plans.
		She estimates the cost of running and maintaining the Indian Ocean warning system to be about $25 million, based on an average of $1 million per country for staffing, operations and instrumental maintenance.
		The generation of a tsunami warning by a near-shore earthquake was a first for the west coast.
	www.nationaldefensemagazine.org /issues/2005/nov/indian_ocean.htm (1791 words)

	NOAA News Online (Story 2358)
		NOAA issued a bulletin indicating no threat of a tsunami to Hawaii, the West Coast of North America or to other coasts in the Pacific Basin—the area served by the existing tsunami warning system established by the Pacific rim countries and operated by NOAA in Hawaii.
		PTWC issues a third tsunami information bulletin indicating small sea level fluctuations from the Indian Ocean tsunami are being observed in the Pacific Ocean, probably from tsunami energy that passed south of Australia.
		Pacific warning network is comprised of (1) hundreds of seismic stations worldwide; (2) coastal tide gauges and sophisticated Deep-ocean Assessment and Reporting of Tsunamis (DART) buoys in the Pacific Basin capable of detecting a centimeter's difference in ocean height.
	www.noaanews.noaa.gov /stories2004/s2358.htm (1371 words)

	CTV.ca \| Gaps plague Indian Ocean tsunami warning system
		They'll be driven by the haunting memories of the mammoth waves that struck without warning Dec. 26, killing nearly 180,000 people and leaving 50,000 missing in countries around the rim of the Indian Ocean.
		Initial warnings of a possible tsunami are now sent to Indian Ocean countries from Japan's Meteorological Agency and the 56-year-old U.S. Pacific Tsunami Warning Center in Hawaii, which came under criticism for not reporting more aggressively on the Dec. 26 disaster.
		Among a number of such detectors to be set up in international and territorial waters of the Indian Ocean, these systems consist of a sensor planted as deep as 10 kilometres on the ocean floor connected to a floating buoy that in turn communicates with a satellite.
	www.ctv.ca /servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/1119550538188_5?hub=SciTech (1289 words)

	UN unveils Indian Ocean tsunami warning system : HindustanTimes.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-09)
		A United Nations oceans commission agreed on Thursday to work with 27 countries on a tsunami warning system for the Indian Ocean, with a network of deep-sea sensors and broadcast alerts to prevent a repeat of the disaster in December.
		Warnings came too late on Dec. 26 when an earthquake and tsunami killed more than 176,000 people in 11 countries and left about 50,000 missing and hundreds of thousands homeless.
		The oceanographic commission also said it would start work on tsunami warning systems for the Caribbean, the northeast Atlantic and the Mediterranean, and on a global tsunami and ocean-related hazard early warning system.
	www.hindustantimes.com /news/181_1416851,0005.htm (487 words)

	IOC: Towards a Tsunami Warning System in the Indian Ocean
		The IOC and ISDR Study Tour on National Tsunami Warning System Implementation For High Level Administrators in the Indian Ocean Responsible for Tsunami Warning Activities was held in Hawaii, USA between 26 and 29 July 2005.
		The participants at the International Coordination Meeting for the Development of a Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System for the Indian Ocean within a global framework held in Paris on 3-8 March 2005, adopted the Terms of Reference of the Intergovernmental Coordination Group for the Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System in the Indian Ocean (ICG/IOTWS).
		The participants at the International Coordination Meeting for the Development of a Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System for the Indian Ocean within a global framework held in Paris on 3-8 March 2005, adopted a Communiqué outlining the arrangements for the establishment of a Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System for the Indian Ocean region.
	ioc3.unesco.org /indotsunami (1280 words)

	Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System Taking Shape
		Countries around the Indian Ocean are setting up tsunami warning systems to try to avoid a repeat of the massive loss of life last December 26.
		Loudspeakers and shrieks of horror were often the only warnings people had last December when the tsunami engulfed communities and lives along the shores of the Indian Ocean.
		The warning systems now being developed will provide a vital grid of communication that was absent when the tsunami struck six months ago.
	quickstart.clari.net /voa/art/hl/2005-06-29-voa8.html (795 words)

	Indian Ocean Tsunami warning system - Sri Lanka, Indonesia
		Though the technology to detect tsunamis is not very high-tech, the expenses to set up sensors on the seabed, networking them, a central monitoring node, and a seamless information dissemination system call for huge investments.
		The head of the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Jan Egeland, says a warning system should be examined for the Indian Ocean.
		The Indian Ocean tsunami warning system is likely to be in place an year before that, but if the way nations are going is any indication, it will take longer than that.
	www.dancewithshadows.com /indian-ocean-tsunami-warning-system.asp (919 words)

	Tsunami Warning System: UNESCO
		The technical and scientific requirements for the newly established Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System (IOTWS) are high on the agenda for the first meeting of the System’s governing body, which will be held in Perth, Western Australia, from August 3 to 5*.
		The tsunami that devastated the Indian Ocean’s coastline clearly demonstrated the need to create at the global level a warning system similar to that used in the Pacific Ocean.
		The devastating tsunami of December 2004 prompted the mobilisation of the international community and greatly raised international awareness of this phenomenon.
	portal.unesco.org /en/ev.php-URL_ID=24836&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html (525 words)

	New Scientist Indian Ocean tsunami warning system by mid-2006 - Breaking News
		A tsunami warning system for the Indian Ocean will be set up by mid-2006 under the leadership of the United Nations, agreed the governmental World Conference on Disaster Reduction in Kobe, Japan, on Thursday.
		The technology to detect tsunamis in the Indian Ocean region should be up and running within 12 to 18 months, said Salvano Briceno, director of the UN's International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR).
		The exact form of the early warning system - and how it might be used and extended to provide warnings of other natural hazards - is still to be thrashed out.
	www.newscientist.com /channel/earth/tsunami/dn6905 (367 words)

	Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System formally established - Work begins on systems for the Caribbean (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-09)
		The ICG for the Indian Ocean system will be made up of the IOC’s Member States and will be supported by a secretariat, provided by the IOC, in Perth, Australia.
		The framework for the Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System was established at two IOC-organized coordination meetings attended by countries from the region, donor nations and institutional partners.
		They agreed that the system will consist of “a coordinated network of national systems”, whose assets would be “owned and operated by the Member States hosting or otherways taking responsibility for them”.
	www.cdera.org /cunews/news/printer_1141.php (338 words)

	Indian Ocean's Tsunami Early Warning System Taking Shape
		When the tsunami struck on December 26, 2004, the Indian Ocean had no early warning system to speak of—at least nothing like the Pacific Ocean's array of tide gauges, seismometers, deep ocean sensors, high-tech buoys, and communication systems.
		Though the so-called Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System will not be fully implemented for years, an interim system is in place.
		The buoys are already part of the tsunami early warning system in the Pacific Ocean, and will likely be included in such a system for the Indian Ocean.
	news.nationalgeographic.com /news/2005/12/1223_051223_tsunami_warning.html (522 words)

	Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System Readied for Next Year (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-09)
		The system, mimicking one already in place in the Pacific Ocean, is designed to avoid a repeat of last December, in which a tsunami triggered by an earthquake off Indonesia crashed without warning into a dozen countries in Southeast Asia, South Asia and Africa.
		Bernal notes that detecting and warning of a tsunami will accomplish little if the nations in the wave's path are not ready to act on the warning.
		Reliable communication is also considered essential, and countries around the Indian Ocean are being urged to improve their communications efficiency.
	quickstart.clari.net /voa/art/fp/2005-08-04-voa13.html (425 words)

	NOAA Home Page - Tsunamis
		Tsunamis are a series of very long waves generated by any rapid, large-scale disturbance of the sea.
		Tsunamis can cause great destruction and loss of life within minutes on shores near their source, and some tsunamis can cause destruction within hours across an entire ocean basin.
		Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System — The United States will be supporting the combined efforts of the international community and national governments in the region to develop an integrated system.
	www.noaa.gov /tsunamis.html (508 words)

	One Year After Tsunami, Progress on Indian Ocean Warning System- U.S. Department Of State
		Progress on an early warning system for the region was detailed December 14-16 in Hyderabad, India, where representatives from several of the 27 Indian Ocean nations met during the second session of the UNESCO International Oceanographic Commission (IOC) Intergovernmental Coordination Group (ICG) for the Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System (IOTWS).
		Today it serves as an interim warning center for the Indian Ocean – in cooperation with the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), which issues bulletins for hazard-related events in the Indian Ocean – and the Caribbean until systems are in place for those regions.
		Deep-ocean tsunami detection instruments are needed to detect a teletsunami – one that is moving across the ocean toward distant coastal areas.
	usinfo.state.gov /usinfo/Archive/2005/Dec/21-173772.html (1149 words)

	Scoop: Indian Ocean Tsunami Early Warning System Launched
		A United Nations commission today formally launched a tsunami early warning system for the Indian Ocean and laid the groundwork for similar initiatives around the world’s seas, haunted by the realization that such an operation could have saved tens of thousands of lives lost in last December’s disaster in South Asia.
		The Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning and Mitigation System (IOTWS) formally came into existence at the 23rd Assembly of the UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization/Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (UNESCO/IOC) in Paris with the establishment of an Intergovernmental Coordination Group (ICG) to govern it.
		In a fast-track effort to detect a tsunami after a strong earthquake in the Indian Ocean, the IOC has overseen the installation or upgrading of tide gauges, which are already transmitting real-time information.
	www.scoop.co.nz /stories/WO0507/S00008.htm (498 words)

	ITIC ::
		The exercise will place all Pacific Basin countries into a Tsunami Warning that will require countries to practice its emergency response decision-making for the arrival of a destructive Pacific-wide tsunami upon its shores, and depending on the country, be conducted to the step just prior to public notification.
		The exercise will take focus on two components of the warning system: the evaluation and issuance of the warning message by tsunami warning centres, and the national and/or local response and warning dissemination mechanism once a warning is received by emergency authorities.
		Tsunami bulletins will be transmitted from the tsunami warning centres to 7x24 Tsunami Focal Points and/or designated national emergency authorities responsible for tsunami emergency response.
	ioc3.unesco.org /itic (584 words)

	Indian Ocean Earthquake and Tsunami: UNESCO
		UNESCO is working to establish a global early warning system to detect tsunamis before they strike.
		After the tsunami hit, we began work to assess the impact in affected countries as a first step in defining our activities towards recovery and reconstruction.
		Experts and delegations from 23 countries of the Mediterranean and Northeast Atlantic have laid the foundations for a regional tsunami early warning system at a meeting that finished in Rome yesterday.
	portal.unesco.org /en/ev.php-URL_ID=24497&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html (404 words)

	Indian Ocean lacked tsunami warning system: Experts - Sify.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-09)
		When the tsunami waves finally reach land, the shallow water causes their speed to slow -- but their size to grow gigantic.
		More than 16,000 people have been confirmed dead as the tsunamis swept away everything in their path in eight countries, many full of beach resorts packed with tourists.
		Japan's national Tohoku University has transferred the country's advanced tsunami prediction technology to 15 other countries but they are all in the Pacific region, the Yomiuri Shimbun said.
	sify.com /news/fullstory.php?id=13637531 (529 words)

	Geology.com: Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System Established (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-09)
		UNESCO announced the establishment of a tsunami warning system for the Indian Ocean.
		This is a multicountry cooperation to share expertise, data, equipment and communications to reduce the tsunami threat in the Indian Ocean.
		Work on the system has already begun and it is expected to be fully operational by July 2006.
	geology.com /2005/07/indian-ocean-tsunami-warning-system.html (157 words)

	Planet Ark : INTERVIEW - Interim Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System by October (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-09)
		COLOMBO - An interim tsunami warning system for the Indian Ocean should be in place by October, mainly through upgrading an existing network of tide gauges, the head of the UN oceanographic body said on Thursday.
		There were no tsunami warning systems when the strongest earthquake in 40 years struck off the coast of Sumatra on Dec. 26, triggering unprecedented waves that are feared to have killed 128,000 people in 11 Indian Ocean nations and left more than a million homeless.
		India, where the tsunami is feared to have killed more than 12,000, said last week it will have a warning system ready by Sept. 2007 at a cost of $2.3 billion.
	www.planetark.com /dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/30895/story.htm (918 words)

	U.S. Provides Hazard Warning Expertise to Indian Ocean Nations- U.S. Department Of State
		Washington – The yearlong international effort to secure Indian Ocean coastal populations against the ravages of another deadly tsunami is paying off, as members of the UNESCO International Oceanographic Commission (IOC) Intergovernmental Coordination Group (ICG) converge on basic principles of an operational early warning system for the region.
		The system is unacceptably slow in many Indian Ocean countries, he added, “so we’ve agreed with WMO to help monetarily and technically to bring the GTS system up to acceptable levels and integrity so that everybody, when a warning is issued, will receive the warning simultaneously.”
		At the meeting, 120 Indian Ocean nation representatives and observers from Germany and Japan made progress in determining critical elements of the developing early warning system.
	usinfo.state.gov /usinfo/Archive/2005/Dec/22-941039.html?chanlid=washfile (1631 words)

	The Hindu : International : Indian Ocean tsunami alert system soon
		Since the December 26 tsunami, the IOC and its partners have set up an interim system for the Indian Ocean basin, with tsunami advisory information provided by the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Pacific Tsunami Warning Center in Hawaii and the Japanese Meteorological Agency.
		The permanent system, now in various stages of development, is expected to be operational by July 2006.
		In a fast-track effort to detect a tsunami after a strong earthquake, the IOC has overseen the installation and upgrading of tide gauges.
	www.hindu.com /2005/06/24/stories/2005062401831700.htm (266 words)

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