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Topic: Indian Paramilitary Forces

	Indian Armed Forces - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Supreme Commander of the Indian Armed Forces is the President of India, currently Dr. A.P.J Abdul Kalam.
		The Indian Armed Force has participated in several United Nations peacekeeping operations and is presently the second largest troops contributor to the peacekeeping force.
		Indian officials argued that India's refusal to sign the treaty stemmed from the treaty's fundamentally discriminatory character; the treaty places restrictions on the non-nuclear weapons states but does little to curb the modernization and expansion of the nuclear arsenals of the nuclear weapons states.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Indian_military (505 words)

	Paramilitary -
		These forces ostensibly operate to enforce the law but may act with disregard of the rule of law or at cross-purposes to the existing civilian or military authorities, which may or may not lead to confrontation if the resulting discrepancies are significant enough.
		Paramilitary forces have been responsible for some violations of the laws of war and for several atrocities.
		The paramilitary operations of the CIA and Mossad (as distinct from their intelligence-gathering function) are one example.
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/Paramilitary (1374 words)

	Indian forces kill Kashmir militants - Boston.com - Asia - News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Security forces on Saturday stormed two buildings from where suspected militants were firing guns in Kashmir's main city of Srinagar, killing both attackers in a standoff that lasted more than 24 hours, police said.
		An Indian paramilitary soldier looks on as the body of a suspected militant lies inside a police van in Srinagar India, July 30, 2005.
		Indian security forces on Saturday stormed two buildings from where suspected militants were firing guns in Kashmir's main city of Srinagar, killing both the attackers in a standoff that lasted more than 24 hours, police said.
	www.boston.com /news/world/asia/articles/2005/07/30/militants_fire_at_indian_security_forces (464 words)

	AllRefer.com - India - Paramilitary and Reserve Forces - Paramilitary Forces \| Indian Information Resource
		Paramilitary forces subordinate to the Ministry of Home Affairs include the Assam Rifles, the Border Security Force, the Central Industrial Security Force, the Central Reserve Police Force, the Indo-Tibetan Border Police, and the Rashtriya Rifles (National Rifles).
		During the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s, local police forces could not deal with the mounting array of sectarian, ethnic, and regional conflicts, and paramilitary forces were increasingly called on for assistance.
		Another significant paramilitary organization is the Indo-Tibetan Border Police, established in 1962 in the aftermath of the war with China.
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/india/india197.html (978 words)

	Khaleej Times - Online (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Pakistan, which calls the revolt against Indian rule a fight for freedom has dismissed the election as a farce, saying it is no substitute for a full plebiscite to let Kashmiris decide whether they want to belong to Pakistan or India.UN resolutions in the 1950s called for such a plebiscite.
		Two injured paramilitary policemen were dragged from the rubble as small fires burnt and smoke rose from parts of the white two-storey building.
		Mr Khan said the Indians "still continue to threaten, they still continue to deploy their forces in a threatening posture, they still continue to believe in a policy of intimidation".
	www.khaleejtimes.co.ae /ktarchive/240902/subcont.htm (11799 words)

	Local News [The Kathmandu Post (Nepal)]
		The Indian paramilitary forces are staying in a tent nearly 20 metres away from the no-man’s land and close to this tiny frontier village.
		Tikaram Poudel, a local of the village, said the Indian forces have developed a nexus with the smugglers from both the countries, let alone controlling the trans-border smuggling and crimes.
		They said Indian paramilitary forces also received hush-money from the organised gang of smugglers as the border police used to do in the past.
	www.nepalnews.com /contents/englishdaily/ktmpost/2001/oct/oct09/local.htm (2729 words)

	THE ONGOING VIOLENCE IN KASHMIR by Mr. METZENBAUM in the US Senate on May 14, 1991. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Paramilitary troops of the Central Reserve Police Force opened fire on about 3,000 people gathered at a cemetery to mourn four victims of an earlier police shooting.
		Witnesses said that seven were shot at home by enraged paramilitary troops searching for militants who had fired on them, and that four were passers-by hit by indiscriminate shooting during a police raid on a suspected rebel hideout.
		Indian army soldiers and federal paramilitary troops of the Central Reserve Police Force and the Border Security Force have used lethal force against peaceful demonstrators, shooting scores of unarmed civilians.
	www.dalitstan.org /journal/rights/102/090591.html (1937 words)

	News from India (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		SRINAGAR, Held Kashmir: Life in Indian occupied Kashmir was crippled Monday by a one-day strike launched to protest the holding of elections for the state legislature in the valley.
		NEW DELHI, India: Newly elected Indian President A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, a Muslim, was sworn in on Thursday as India's 12th president in a move seen as bolstering the nation's secular credentials after a wave of religious violence.
		SRINAGAR, Held Kashmir: Indian forces on Tuesday have martyred two Kashmiri Mujahideen in the mountainous district of Doda in occupied Kashmir in two separate gunbattles, and said that one of them was an engineer.
	www.jafariyanews.com /india2.htm (1373 words)

	1996 Human Rights Report: India (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Between 350,000 and 400,000 Indian army and paramilitary forces are deployed in Jammu and Kashmir.
		In an effort to sensitize paramilitary forces to human rights problems, the Director General of the Border Security Force and the NHRC sponsored a debate in February on the role of human rights among personnel of all seven paramilitary forces.
		Security forces in some places were seen to coerce members of the public to go to polling places, after militants called for a boycott of the elections.
	www.usemb.se /human/1996/southasia/india.html (11503 words)

	India: dissemination in Jammu and Kashmir
		The workshops, which were conducted by an ICRC delegate to the armed forces and the coordinator of ICRC activities in Jammu and Kashmir, were attended by around 100 officers up to the rank of brigadier.
		The focus was on the importance of humane behaviour in containing armed violence, the proportionate use of force and the conscious choice of military targets.
		The universal obligation of all armed forces to abide by the principles of international humanitarian law was also stressed.
	www.icrc.org /Web/Eng/siteeng0.nsf/htmlall/57JN4D?OpenDocument&View=defaultBody&style=custo_print (202 words)

	Islam Online- News Section (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Indian paramilitary forces shot dead three independence-seeking fighters in southern Kashmir's Anantnag district late Friday, December 13, Agence France-Presse (AFP) reported, quoting an Indian police spokesman.
		Meanwhile, one person was killed when Indian and Pakistani troops exchanged mortar and artillery fire over their disputed border in the Himalayan region of Kashmir overnight, police sources said Saturday.
		Indian police said troops from the two sides exchanged fire at several places along the LoC in Kupwara, but no causalities were reported.
	www.islamonline.net /english/news/2002-12/14/article03.shtml (647 words)

	Untitled1
		The Indian conflict was between lords who were concerned not at all with the method of farming, but to draw an income from the peasantry.
		Indian paramilitary forces and local police officers fought here today with thousands of students and other demonstrators demanding an end to a new policy reserving more jobs to some lower-caste Indians.
		Indians can no longer migrate away from their human relations; there is no more place to go.
	clq.quaker.org /wealth-and-poverty/10india.htm (7352 words)

	Local News [The Kathmandu Post (Nepal)]
		GULARIYA (Bardiya), Sept 18 - The Indian intelligence agents have started inspecting strategically suitable places for the deployment of the Indian paramilitary forces along the 1,808 km long Nepal-India border from West Bengal in the east to Uttaranchal in the west, according to the Indian officials.
		An Indian source, however, said that deployment of the SSB along the Nepal-India border has been postponed for the time being due to the concerns raised in Nepal’s parliament.
		Although the Nepal government has not issued official statement in connection with the Indian move, locals living close to the Nepal-India border are scared of the presence of Indian forces close to the border.
	www.nepalnews.com /contents/englishdaily/ktmpost/2001/sep/sep19/local.htm (2222 words)

	The Rise of an Illiberal Democracy in India: A Case-Study of the Crisis in Punjab by Sikh Genocide Project
		The main driving force of the Punjabi suba movement was the Sikh leadership saw a separate political status for the Sikhs as being essential for preserving the Sikh identity.
		The Indian state has sought to stifle the basic human rights of the Sikh by creating a culture of impunity where large-scale extrajudicial killings, torture, custodial rape, use of draconian laws by state agencies are natural occurrences that go unpunished.
		The Indian constitution’s classification of Sikhs as “Hindu”, the suppression of Sikhs’ human rights by the state, government’s economic policies in relation to Punjab and diversion of Punjab’s river waters to bordering Hindu-dominated, non-riparian states are other important contributing factors in the conflict.
	www.sikhgenocide.org /background.htm (9962 words)

	rediff.com: India warns of 'fitting reply' if border is violated
		India on Sunday evening warned Pakistan of 'befitting retaliatory action' if it violated the sanctity of the border and placed its paramilitary forces along the international border and the Line of Control under the operational command of the army and the coast guard under that of the navy.
		Bringing the paramilitary forces along the border under the control of the army and the coast guard under the navy was part of "standard operating procedure", he said.
		Singh, however, said paramilitary force personnel carrying out internal security duties would not be under the operational command of the army.
	www.rediff.com /news/2002/may/19ccs.htm (649 words)

	Indian_occupied_kashmir (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Indian Army and Paramilitary forces resorted to unprovoked firing at Alamghari Bazar, Sgr, and killed unarmed civilians.
		Indian armed forces did not even spare even her aging mother who received two bullets in her chest but survived miraculously.
		Sporting her near the window of the 3rd floor, the Indian forces shot at her.
	www32.brinkster.com /ahmedhazoor/killings13.htm (891 words)

	CNN.com - Kashmir paramilitary patrol attacked - Sep. 29, 2002
		Suspected militants have attacked an Indian paramilitary patrol killing a passerby and injuring 12 others, police sources say.
		Kashmiri militants opposed to the elections and Indian rule in the region are prevalent in both districts.
		Over 50,000 Indian paramilitary forces have been summoned to monitor the next two rounds of Kashmiri elections.
	archives.cnn.com /2002/WORLD/asiapcf/south/09/29/kashmir.militants (289 words)

	News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In one attack, Islamic militants dressed in army fatigues stormed the village of Sanglani, dragging Ghulam Mohammed, a 51-year-old Muslim, from of his house then cutting off his hands, breaking his legs and slitting his throat, a police officer said by telephone from the local control room.
		Muslim rebels are waging a violent campaign since 1989 to separate the region from Indian control or to merge it into Pakistan, India's western neighbor and rival.
		Paramilitary soldiers also killed two suspected rebels in a gun battle in Bandipora town, about 230 miles north of Jammu, a police officer said on condition of anonymity.
	www.cuttingedge.org /news_updates/nz1150.htm (427 words)

	BBC NEWS \| South Asia \| Hindus leave Kashmir massacre village
		Policemen deployed for the protection of Sikhs in the village of Charibug near the southern township of Tral exchanged heavy fire with Indian paramilitary on Tuesday night.
		Police Superintendent Vijay Kumar told the BBC that the paramilitary were on their way to the village of Simu for a counter-insurgency operation.
		The police guards in the village opened fire which was returned by the paramilitary, Superintendent Kumar said.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/south_asia/2933563.stm (479 words)

	india assessment v4
		The Indians have since held that, by this agreement, Pakistan is precluded from invoking the United Nations resolutions in an effort to resolve problems with India.
		The Indian army was sent into the state in large numbers after the state government was dismissed and President's Rule was imposed in 1990.
		Despite this record of abuse, the Indian Defence Minister told Parliament that during the period from 1 January to 22 July 1998, no members of the army had been prosecuted and punished for any of these crimes, nor had any compensation been paid to the victims or their families.
	www.asylumlaw.org /docs/india/ind99b_india_ca.htm (17167 words)

	Nagaland News - 36
		AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE June 25, 2001 Indian troops accuse Naga rebels of ceasefire violations /// GUWAHATI, India, June 25 (AFP) - Indian paramilitary forces on Monday accused a rebel group in the northeast of violating a ceasefire whose recent extension had sparked riots in the state of Manipur.
		The paramilitary Assam Rifles accused members of a faction of the National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN) of "provocative action" in violation of the ceasefire terms.
		Asked why he was opposed to Nagaland being a part of the Indian Union, Muivah said the Nagas feared that they would lose their identity.
	home.nycap.rr.com /nagaland/nnews36.html (3258 words)

	Asian Studies Institute - Asia Quarterly
		In the process, the Indian government has done little to tackle the root causes of these insurgencies although successive administrations have paid lip service to the importance of establishing a political process that would allow a peacefully negotiated solution to evolve.
		The Indian security forces also raised, trained, and armed a small anti-insurgency force in Kashmir composed of former insurgents who were captured and then "persuaded" to give up the secessionist struggle.
		It is estimated that between 1990 and 1995, the total strength of the army plus paramilitary forces in Kashmir hovered between 300,000 and 400,000.
	www.vuw.ac.nz /asianstudies/publications/quarterly/00january5.html (1554 words)

	Unhindered terror
		Although the Royal Government of Bhutan is apparently reluctant to conduct a joint operation with India against the terrorists despite India's repeated requests, it has hinted that it may allow Indian paramilitary forces to enter Bhutan in pursuit of the militants.
		The West Bengal Police and the paramilitary forces engaged in counter-insurgency operations in north Bengal are hamstrung as they cannot pursue the militants back to the hideouts.
		Bhutan, he said, was in a position to use force since the National Assembly had endorsed the deployment of the Army, but moderate members voiced concern, arguing that such a move might provoke attacks on Bhutanese citizens.
	www.flonnet.com /fl1913/19130460.htm (1357 words)

	Global Politician
		It is observed that it has become a fashion for some of the Indian politians and columnists to make allegation of illegal immigration of Bangladesh nationals into the northeastern states of India in general and Assam in particular.
		Among them, according Indian media, the Muslims constitute 30 per cent of the total population of the state.
		Indian government and its media now point their fingers at the Muslims when they refer to the term 'infiltrators' in India, though there prevails strong
	globalpolitician.com /articledes.asp?ID=845&cid=6&sid=20 (1919 words)

	CNN.com - Kashmir: 8 dead in new violence - Nov. 27, 2003
		In Thursday's violence, a civilian was killed in Srinagar's main market when insurgents launched grenades at Indian paramilitary forces, but missed their target, police said.
		Indian security forces were searching for the suspected militants responsible for the attack, which happened at 12:30 p.m.
		In the winter capital Jammu, three militants were killed in a gun battle with Indian security forces in Gool district.
	www.cnn.com /2003/WORLD/asiapcf/south/11/27/kashmir (536 words)

	KASHMIR CUSTODIAL KILLINGS
		The killer has been identified by his family and by local authorities as a neighborhood commander in India's Border Security Force that is responsible for maintaining security along India's borders, as well as in strife-torn areas like Kashmir.
		Vijay Kumar says his forces are in a difficult position - caught between extremist militants bent on killing as many Indian troops as possible, and a population numbed by years of conflict.
		So if that is the normal quality of policing, you can imagine a paramilitary police has got to be at a higher level because they have to tackle the militants.
	www.fas.org /news/india/2000/000818-war.kashmir2.htm (836 words)

	Iraq Crisis, 2002–2003
		The U.S. Britain, and Spain submit a proposed resolution to the UN Security Council that states that "Iraq has failed to take the final opportunity afforded to it in Resolution 1441," and that it is now time to authorize use of military force against the country.
		France, Germany, and Russia submit an informal counter-resolution to the UN Security Council that states that inspections should be intensified and extended to ensure that there is "a real chance to the peaceful settlement of this crisis," and that "the military option should only be a last resort."
		John Abizaid, commander of allied forces in Iraq who replaced retiring general Tommy Franks on July 7, calls continued attacks on coalition troops a "guerrilla-type campaign" and says soldiers who will replace current troops may be deployed for year-long tours.
	www.infoplease.com /spot/iraqtimeline2.html (1811 words)

	outlookindia.com \| wired
		There are divisions and fractions in the Indian establishment just as they are in the US, making the shift from old, comforting alliances into territory uncharted difficult.
		China has for the first time evinced keen interest in forging closer links with Indian paramilitary forces, opening a new front for bilateral cooperation in the field of security, official sources said here today.
		PAP is China's premier paramilitary force and this is the first time senior officials of the security organisation are visiting India.
	www.outlookindia.com /pti_news.asp?id=204126 (598 words)

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