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Topic: Indicative conditional

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Jonathan Bennett - A Philosophical Guide to Conditionals - Reviewed by Richard Mendelsohn, CUNY - Philosophical Reviews - University of Notre Dame §6 defends subjective probability as the appropriate probability interpretation; §7 is a well-argued defense of the view that indicative conditionals lack truth value—indeed, Bennett identifies this as one of the major themes of his guidebook; §8 discusses the uses of indicative conditionals, and §9 discusses the logic of indicative conditionals. Bennett hews to a sharp distinction between indicative conditionals and subjunctive conditionals; indeed, the structure of the book reflects this view, with the first half devoted to indicatives and the second half devoted to subjunctives. Since this identification of conditional probability is so central to the probabilistic interpretation of conditionals, it is fairly widely held—and ably defended by Bennett—that these conditionals are not propositions, not truth-value bearers in the traditional sense. ndpr.nd.edu /review.cfm?id=1388   (1558 words)

LINGUIST List 7.1299: PC dictionary, Text abstraction, Mood As we might expect, a main clause indicative requires an indicative mood in the restrictive relative clause, as in 1(a), while a main clause imperative allows either indicative or subjunctive, with a change in meaning, as in 1(b). In French the mood in certain kinds of subordinate clauses is influenced by the mood of the main clause, sometimes in an apparently surprising way. At the same time there is the question of a second subordinate clause when the first subordinate clause has a subjunctive, for example. www.ling.ed.ac.uk /linguist/issues/7/7-1299.html   (494 words)

Grammatical mood - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The conditional mood does not express uncertainty; this is a distinct mood, the potential mood, which is expressed with the words "probably" or "may" in English. In English, the conditional is manifested by means of the modal auxiliary 'would' added to the bare infinitive, e.g. Grammatical mood per se is not the same thing as grammatical tense or grammatical aspect, although these concepts are conflated to some degree in many languages, including English and most other modern Indo-European languages, insofar as the same word patterns are used to express more than one of these concepts at the same time. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Grammatical_mood   (2343 words)

When to use what subjunctive in Spanish When a governing verb in the present, future, or future perfect tense and the subjunctive is required in a subordinate clause, use the present or present perfect subjunctive; with a governing verb in a “past time” tense —imperfect, preterit, past perfect, conditional, or conditional perfect—, use only a “past time” subjunctive: imperfect or past perfect. The simple tenses of the indicative are the present [ hablo ], future [ hablaré ], imperfect [ hablaba ], and preterit [ hablé ]; the simple tenses of the subjunctive are the present [ hable ] and imperfect [ hablara ] tenses. In either case the simple subjunctive tense (present for “present time”, or imperfect for “past time”) is used to express a simultaneous or future action, and the perfect tense (present perfect for “present time”, or past perfect for “past time”) is used to indicate a previous activity. users.ipfw.edu /jehle/courses/sequence.htm   (2343 words)

Armchair Punctuator Sentences that state an objective fact, condition, opinion, or pose a question are in the indicative, or declarative, mood. A sentence in the indicative mood is said to be grammatically unmarked, i.e., the sentence does not express emotion. Abrupt conclusions are also found in narrative description, occurring when a character's thought is interrupted by another thought, his own or that of another character. community-2.webtv.net /SOLIS-BOO/Grammar2/page3.html   (773 words)

Study Questions Kolln 3 Be able to explain the difference between indicative, interrogative, imperative, and conditional mood from lecture. Vocabulary (see pages 369-84 of Kolln): active voice, agent, aspect, auxiliary, conditional mood, do support, indicative mood, infinitive, irregular verb, main verb, modal auxiliary, negative sentence, passive voice, person, regular verb, stand-in auxiliary, subjunctive mood, tense, verb-expansion rule. Explain the difference between progressive (continuous) and preterite (completed) aspect in a verb. web.cn.edu /kwheeler/study/328_Kolln_03.html   (228 words)

Index to topics the S210 Web Pages Indicative mood (look under the subjunctive mood for some contrasts such as Forms of the present subjunctive, or under individual indicative tenses such as the Present, or under types of clauses such as Noun clauses) Conditions (if clauses), in Conditional; also a review in Use of the subjunctive in Spanish: A brief review Si, present subjunctive not used after, in Conditional users.ipfw.edu /jehle/COURSES/s210/SPINDEX.HTM   (3370 words)

Oxford Scholarship Online: A Philosophical Guide to Conditionals Abstract: Conditionals are of two basic kinds, often called 'indicative' and 'subjunctive'. Keywords: Adams, conditionals, Edgington, Goodman, indicative conditionals, Lewis, material conditionals, metaphysics, philosophy of language, possible worlds, probability, Stalnaker, subjunctive It eventually defends the view of Adams and Edgington that indicatives are devices for expressing subjective probabilities, and the view of Stalnaker and Lewis that subjunctives are statements about close possible worlds. www.oxfordscholarship.com /oso/public/content/philosophy/0199258872/toc.html   (140 words)

Conditional - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Counterfactual conditional or subjunctive conditional - If it had been the case that X, then it would have been the case that Y. Indicative conditional - If-then statements in ordinary language. Causal conditional - If X then Y, where X is a cause of Y. Conditional mood - A verb form in many languages. Relevance conditional - The conditional used in relevance logic. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Conditional   (179 words)

Greek Mood This is the use of the indicative in the protasis of the conditional sentences. The indicative mood is, in general, the mood of assertion, or presentation of certainty. The future indicative is sometimes used for a command, almost always in the OT quotations (because of a literal translation of the Hebrew). www.bcbsr.com /greek/gmood.html   (2010 words)

Greek Mood This is the use of the indicative in the protasis of the conditional sentences. This is the use of the subjunctive in the protasis of conditional sentences. In general, mood is the feature of the verb that presents the verbal action or state with reference to its actuality or potentiality. www.bcbsr.com /greek/gmood.html   (2010 words)

Tenses of the Indicative and Subjunctive Moods in Spanish Technically, the conditional and conditional perfect are often considered tenses of a special mood, the conditional, rather than part of the indicative mood. Tenses of the Indicative and Subjunctive Moods in Spanish The alternate imperfect subjunctive, the -se forms, are usually not taught at the first and second levels of college Spanish, but they are still in use in parts of the Hispanic world. users.ipfw.edu /jehle/COURSES/s210/SUBINDTN.HTM   (109 words)

Mood (L322) It occurs in construction with the indicative or the imperative mood. The conditional mood refers to a non-realized event, and a prediction, a question, or statement based on that event should it be or become true. In matrix sentence the imperative mood is not marked by an overt complementizer; it is null. www.sfu.ca /person/dearmond/322/322.mood.htm   (1848 words)

13.1 - conditional tense Conditional tenses require a knowledge of subjunctive ones, because in many cases they both occur in the same sentence. The first one has specific inflections, while the second one is a compound tense made of present conditional + past participle of verb avere for transitive verbs, essere for intransitive ones. Try to become confident with the inflections of these two verbs, since you will need them for the past conditional tense of all the others. www.geocities.com /f_pollett/i-13-1.htm   (210 words)

Conditional: From Latin to Old French The difference with the Conditional tense is that it took its form from the imperfect indicative of HABERE,. See Hypothetical Statements The evolution of the Conditional tense is similar to the development of the Future in that there was no Conditional in Latin and it came to be expressed from the combination of the infinitive + the verb HABERE. When there is some uncertainty concerning the relationship between the two clauses--that is, when the eventuality is doubtful or problematic--there are two ways of expressing the statement: Type A (see ll 82-84) and Type B (see ll 330-32). ccat.sas.upenn.edu /~benjamis/conditio.html   (278 words)

When to use what subjunctive in Spanish When a governing verb in the present, future, or future perfect tense and the subjunctive is required in a subordinate clause, use the present or present perfect subjunctive; with a governing verb in a “past time” tense —imperfect, preterit, past perfect, conditional, or conditional perfect—, use only a “past time” subjunctive: imperfect or past perfect. The simple tenses of the indicative are the present [hablo], future [hablaré], imperfect [hablaba], and preterit [hablé]; the simple tenses of the subjunctive are the present [hable] and imperfect [hablara] tenses. In either case the simple subjunctive tense (present for “present time”, or imperfect for “past time”) is used to express a simultaneous or future action, and the perfect tense (present perfect for “present time”, or past perfect for “past time”) is used to indicate a previous activity. users.ipfw.edu /jehle/courses/sequence.htm   (683 words)

Verb Tenses II The subjunctive mood in English, however, has its own form, which is pretty much as the same form in the indicative, except for the third-person singular and the verb BE. Mood refers to manner in which a verb is expressed: a verb’s mood shows whether the sentence is conveying a fact, a desire, a possibility or probability, or a command. The mood of a verb in English is expresses mainly by the use or absence of modals (can/could, should/would, may/might, must/have to, etc.). www.class.uidaho.edu /Engl201/tense.htm   (564 words)

World War 1 and 2 - Spanish verbs Spanish verbs are conjugated in four categories known as moods: indicative, subjunctive, conditional and imperative. The imperative mood only has two forms: the second person singular and plural, and these are only used in the positive. Spanish verbs are one of the trickiest areas of Spanish grammar for foreign learners such as English speakers, given that Spanish is a relatively inflected language, with a two-gender system and about fifty conjugated forms per verb, but no noun declension and limited pronominal declension. www.worldwardiary.com /history/Spanish_verbs   (5782 words)

Negative verb - tScholars.com Anyway, in the indicative, conditional and potetial, there are no different person forms any more. The negative verb is conjugated in moods and person forms in Finnish. The negative verb is conjugated in moods and person forms in Northern Sami. www.tscholars.com /encyclopedia/Negative_verb   (168 words)

Esperanto: Kapitel 52 - Wikibooks The "conditional mood" does not indicate whether or not the act or state mentioned is a fact, but merely expresses the speaker's idea of its likelihood or certainty, or is used in an assumption or conclusion dealing with suppositions, not with actual facts. In addition to the aoristic tense, the conditional mood has three active and three passive compound tenses, formed by combining the participles with the aoristic tense of "esti" in the conditional mood. A conditional sentence dealing with "suppositions" concerning events in present or future time is called a "less vivid condition" ("Less vivid", in contrast to factual conditions (240), which are "vivid", because they deal with facts.), and the conditional mood is used in both the assumption and the conclusion: de.wikibooks.org /wiki/Esperanto:_Kapitel_52   (1096 words)

Counterfactual Conditionals Counterfactual conditionals ("counterfactuals," for short) are statements about situations which we know did not occur -- as opposed to indicative conditionals, where the antecedent is, or at least might be, true. If adding the counterfactual antecedent to the conversational background were all there is to judging counterfactuals, we would have a nice simple pragmatic theory. But even if we disagree over which of two opposed counterfactuals is true -- that is, about which consequent would have been true, if the counterfactual antecedent were true -- even then we all agree that not both of the (opposed) consequents would have been true. www.ux1.eiu.edu /~cfbxb/class/1900/prag/counter.htm   (1364 words)

Indicative mood (French) - Wikibooks Note: The indicative indicates certainty about an action. The conditional indicates that an action will occur or occured based on the fulfillment of certain conditions. en.wikibooks.org /wiki/Indicative_mood_(French)   (51 words)

Lesson 24 We have learned verbs of the indicative mood and we are now learning verbs of the subjunctive mood (the other two moods listed above will be learned later, but are given here for purposes of comparison). The verbs we have studied so far have all been indicative in mood. The Subjunctive Mood is also used in conditional sentences. www.theology.edu /greek/gk24.htm   (356 words)

Usage of Indicative Tenses For formation of conditional tense see conjugation of regular and irregular verbs. when discussing situations in the present or future that are contrary to the fact (2nd type of conditional sentences). For formation of future tense see conjugation of regular and irregular verbs. www.econ.jhu.edu /people/Tchaidze/Spangram/tenses_ind.html   (279 words)

The Conditional, Conditional Perfect, and “If” Clauses in Spanish In unreal conditions the standard pattern is a past subjunctive in the “if”clause and a conditional tense in the main clause: In this case, the “if” clause in normally in a past subjunctive tense, and the main verb is in a conditional tense. Note that the English versions of the above conditions suggest the indicative by the lack of hypothesis-suggesting words such as “would”, and by not using the past tense to refer to a present-time situation. users.ipfw.edu /jehle/courses/condic.htm   (675 words)

Indicative Conditionals Questions A multiplicity of theories of the conditional (the logical "material conditional," the "strict conditional," and the "relevant conditional," for instance) was evidence for multiple meanings of the word `if'. Different uses of conditionals were also taken to be evidence for ambiguities, especially if there seemed to be different patterns of reasoning associated with these uses. It might be useful to compare the position regarding conditionals with the issue of whether contrastive stress can have semantic effects. www.eecs.umich.edu /~rthomaso/courses/phil550/stal1.html   (675 words)

Re: some Qs for you to solve wise folks A conditional may imply a subjunctive somewhere just around the corner, but is not by itself considered a subjunctive. ." Could and would often indicate the conditional mood (one of the modes of the verb), and sometimes are in clauses associated with a subjunctive clause, often associated with an "If" or an inverted word order, like, "Had I not...." The subjunctive is used for conditions contrary to fact. The subjunctive would (conditional) have required him to use an additional clause, such as, "Had I decided to hold my post at any cost,. www.phrases.org.uk /bulletin_board/26/messages/930.html   (588 words)

Portuguese_language information. LANGUAGE SCHOOL EXPLORER A distinguishing feature of Portuguese among Romance languages is the occurrence of mesoclisis, the insertion of the weak pronouns between the verb stem and future or conditional verb ending: indicative mood, used in the main clauses of declarative sentences: There are of six dynamic tone patterns that affect entire phrases, which indicate the mood and intention of the speaker such as implication, emphasis, reservation, etc. As in most Romance languages, interrogation is expressed mainly by sharply raising the tone at the end of the sentence. www.school-explorer.com /Portuguese   (5909 words)

Indicative Conditionals Questions A multiplicity of theories of the conditional (the logical "material conditional," the "strict conditional," and the "relevant conditional," for instance) was evidence for multiple meanings of the word `if'. Different uses of conditionals were also taken to be evidence for ambiguities, especially if there seemed to be different patterns of reasoning associated with these uses. It might be useful to compare the position regarding conditionals with the issue of whether contrastive stress can have semantic effects. www.eecs.umich.edu /~rthomaso/courses/phil550/stal1.html   (1000 words)

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