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	Indirect fire - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Indirect fire is the use of artillery to fire at targets out of the crew's line of sight, by firing in a high arc out to long distances and/or over blocking terrain.
		Throughout most of the history of indirect-fire artillery the aiming was done on the basis of pre-calculated firing tables, which took account of wind velocity in addition to the relative position of the enemy and allowed crews to aim their guns by means look-up tables rather than their own mathematical calculations.
		When digital computers were first invented their primary use was to automate the calculations for firing tables, and thus in the anglophone world the machines came to be known as "computers" as well.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Indirect_fire (283 words)

	Indirect Fire
		Unobserved fire is fire for which the points of impact or burst are not observed.
		These fires neutralize, canalize, or destroy enemy attack formations or defenses; obscure the enemy's vision or otherwise inhibit his ability to acquire and attack friendly targets; and destroy targets deep in the enemy rear with long-range rocket or missile fires.
		Indirect fires are simply not accurate enough to provide the close-in fires needed to accomplish the majority of the missions required of the maneuver.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/systems/ground/indirect.htm (2455 words)

	Firestrike
		Indirect fire may be conducted by any bases capable of indirect fire missions (See equipment lists).
		Each participating base wishing to conduct indirect fire is allowed to place one impact zone marker during one of the two artillery phase each turn.
		Indirect artillery fire is indicated on the playing board using the round impact zone markers described in the game markers section.
	www.wtj.com /games/beta/firestrike/rules_indirect-fire.htm (527 words)

	Infantry Magazine: Indirect fire the close fight: the 60mm mortar
		The result is that units have failed to integrate indirect fires into chance contacts with the enemy, thus allowing the enemy to break contact on their own terms.
		A former senior brigade fire support observer/ controller at JRTC stated that the failure to adjust indirect fires onto a fast-moving enemy when contact is made contributes to the 7:1 loss ratio between the blue force (BLUFOR) and the opposing force (OPFOR) at JRTC.
		Leaders should include the 60mm indirect fire into all platoon live fires and the live fires should incorporate chance contact where the plan allows for the utilization of mortars by the FO and also the lead team leader or squad leader.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0IAV/is_1_93/ai_n6123808 (1473 words)

	Infantry Magazine: Full-spectrum indirect fire support
		Fire support Soldiers would fill the positions as mortarmen, similar to 13B cannoneers, and mortar fire direction centers' (FDCs) Soldiers would be staffed similar to the 13E MOS.
		My point is that those who specialize in indirect fire support should be charged with managing, training, equipping, and resourcing all fire support, not just a portion of it.
		Fire supporters are committed to support the close fight, I would presume our infantry brethren would greatly welcome our desire to provide our indirect fire expertise and manning to make the task force a more ready and capable fighting force.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0IAV/is_4_93/ai_n6362157 (922 words)

	2xs - Panzer Leader Variant Q&A (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		A: The scattered indirect fire strength is added to the spotted indirect fire strength for a combined total before being divided by the number of target units in the hex.
		But in the case of town hexes, Direct Fire attacks must be made against all spotted units in the hex with one combined defense factor, with any unspotted units in the town hex being ignored in that attack.
		In this case, the total direct fire attack strength (including the strength of the units stacked on top of the fort) would be applied twice; once against the units on top of the fortification and once for the fortification itself.
	home.comcast.net /~2xs/PL_Questions.html (6442 words)

	Adjust Indirect Fire
		The fire for effect must be within 50 meters of the target.
		Tell the soldier he or she must enter the fire for effect phase using no more than six rounds in adjustment (initial round plus five).
		The initial call for fire must be made within three minutes after the target has been identified.
	www.atsc.army.mil /itsd/comcor/fa6003s.htm (474 words)

	Indirect Fire
		The term "danger close" is included in the call for fire when there are friendly troops or positions within a prescribed distance of the target, specifically 600 meters for artillery or mortars and 750 meters for naval gunfire.
		The supported maneuver commander submitting the fire request is responsible for the decision to call for fires when those fires are less than minimum safe distances to friendly positions.
		The radar sections are the eyes that acquire enemy field artilllery rocket and cannon fire and transmit the coordinates to friendly units for immediate suppressive fires.
	www.fas.org /man/dod-101/sys/land/indirect.htm (2047 words)

	Grenadier - M79 Positions & Indirect Fire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Rapid fire is a series of aimed rounds launched as fast as the grenadier can get a sight picture, aim, fire and reload the weapon.
		Fire the M79 grenade launcher from the same positions as the M203 grenade launcher.
		Indirect firing is achieved by pointing the M79 upwards on a very high elevation and will bring a round on top of a target.
	www.thevietnam-database.co.uk /Platoons/Grenadier/M79rapid.htm (355 words)

	Welcome to Messiah's Tribes 2 Tactics Page!
		As the only high explosive indirect fire weapon available to all armor types the Grenade Launcher is a very popular weapon.
		Indirect fire weapons definitely take some getting used to if you have never played an FPS that has them, or never used one before.
		Luckily indirect fire weapons like the Grenade Launcher always have very large explosive range so you do not need to be quite as acurate as you would with a direct fire weapon.
	www.fragtopia.com /t2tactics/glauncher.htm (606 words)

	GD-OTS Indirect Fire Ammunition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The M485A2 is a hollow steel shell containing an illumination canister, a canister expelling charge (in the nose), and a drogue parachute (in the base).
		An electronic or mechanical time fuze is used to fire the projectile.
		After firing, the expelling charge ignites at the present time and forces the canister and drogue out the rear of the projectile.
	www.gd-ots.com /sitepages/indirectfire.html (449 words)

	Moving Indirect Fire - SZO Forums (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Indirect fire seems to be the only option, since that's the only way to get "area effect".
		The problem, of course, is that moving vehicles apparently can't shoot indirect fire missions, and aircraft can't stop moving mid-path.
		My first thought is to suggest a (hopefully minor) change: indirect fire units that are not emplaceable should be able to fire indirect on the move.
	www.strategyzoneonline.com /forums/showthread.php?t=3483 (522 words)

	Defending the BSA With Indirect Fire
		The most effective combat multiplier in the defense of the BSA was indirect fire from the 2-8th Direct Support Field Artillery Battalion.
		Although Army doctrine states that fire support in the rear is the responsibility of the brigade fire support officer (FSO), a full-time FSE is essential to the BSA.
		The purpose of these fires was to enable continuous CSS operations by preventing the unconditional use of the buffer zone by the opposing force (OPFOR).
	www.almc.army.mil /alog/issues/JulAug99/MS419.htm (1449 words)

	EN World - Morrus' D&D / d20 News & Reviews Site - Indirect Bow fire?
		The warriors are too far away to aim at them and fire straight across the field, so all the archers aim up, and just let loose a hail of arrows that fall randomly about the area.
		Allowing indirect fire in the 11-20 range increments, the range penalty will be from -20 to -38.
		Firing from shoulder height (5 feet, about 1.5 meters), flat, the arrow would travel 44ish meters before it hit the ground, in about a half-second.
	www.enworld.org /printthread.php?t=42387 (1042 words)

	Battery B, 4th U.S. Light Artillery - The Development of Indirect Fire
		Although the cannon had existed for hundreds pf years, this was as close to indirect firing as anyone had ever come.
		In a modest explanation of what he had done, Humphreys wrote: "The term 'indirect fire' is firing upon a point or place (A) from a point (B) which is not visible to people at (A).
		Humphreys died in 1928 and was buried in the chapel at the University of Virginia.
	www.batteryb.com /indirect_fire.html (1783 words)

	[No title]
		Indirect Fire may be used at any range, subject to the firing unit's Range Allowance.
		If a firing unit can trace a Line of Sight into a Woods or Town hex, it may use Direct Fire against Enemy units in that hex without requiring the hex to be spotted.
		This fire is in addition to any normal ground fire the Soviet unit wishes to employ during his Offensive Fire Phase.
	grognard.com /errata/redwhite.txt (698 words)

	Fire and Fury Games' Battlefront:Interdiction by Indirect fire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Interdiction fire missions are available only in scenarios where one side is dug in, thus considered to have had an opportunity to register the fire of their guns and mortars.
		Indirect fire units on the table may conduct an interdiction fire mission only if they have not moved from their initial emplacement.
		During the Call for Fire segment of the Offensive Fire Phase, the phasing player places an overwatch marker next to the observer or the firing unit.
	www.fireandfury.com /extra/interdiction.shtml (429 words)

	Cannoneers Shift Gears on Indirect-Fire Tactic
		Instead of a "move-and-shoot" approach to indirect firepower in support of an advancing fighting force, the big guns will be targeting insurgents in fixed firing positions.
		With the reality of guerrilla warfare in Iraq squarely in mind, Marines from Bravo Battery, 1st Battalion, 11th Marine Regiment, broke in a new firing base July 7 — a range tailored to what they'll face in Iraq — in preparation for an OIF deployment later this summer.
		The fire base consists of eight depressions into which an artillery piece like an M-198 howitzer can be placed.
	www.military.com /NewsContent/0,13319,usmc1_071505.00.html (445 words)

	Incoming! - Vietnam Rules variants for use with the Crossfire rules system, Section 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Any fire which is directed at an enemy stand which is close to a friendly unit may cause friendly casualties.
		Infantry stands may only fire on moving helicopters they have LOS and the target aircraft is in the open or within the same terrain feature as its target.
		HMG/AAA stands may fire on moving helicopters if the target is in the open or no more than two LOS blocking terrain features away AND is within the weapon’s arc of fire.
	www.gruntonline.com /Wargaming/incoming2.htm (2427 words)

	Remote actuation system - Patent 4744761
		The steps are performed utilizing a master station located near the weapon whose fire is to be replicated, a plurality of remote actuators located closer to the target area, and a plurality of indicator units associated with the objects which can be potentially hit in the affected zone within the target area.
		This need for some type of indirect fire simulating system has long been recognized; however, we are unaware of any suitable solution which has been favorably received by the potential users.
		Once the information has been processed and the decision made to fire the weapon 12, the information as to the type and quantity of ammunition and the location of the target area to be fired upon is conveyed to the weapon 12.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4744761.html (6777 words)

	MektonZeta.com
		If the observer is faster, they can expend their calling action immediately and have the firing unit bring in the fire on their Turn, or they can expend an Overwatch Action to hold until the firing unit's Turn before radioing in the coordinates.
		In Mekton Zeta, indirect fire damage is distributed somewhat strangely, in that the actual Kills of damage are distributed in maximum 5 Kill blocks, and this to all targets in the blast radius, regardless of size.
		Trying to fire based on sensor locking is possible, but grants an immediate -5 WA to hit because the lock is so fuzzy, plus the same modifiers as for visual firing through cover (see section Visual Acquisition) (10).
	www.mektonzeta.com /archive/tachouserules.php (4700 words)

	Off & On-Board Indirect Fire Tables
		Rate of Fire (ROF) refers to the number of guns being fired.
		With a single ten sided die, the firer rolls a "3", which is is 3 inches to the left of the center of the target.
		Consult the unit tables for the truck and the AT Gun then check the The tank is considered hit by "plummeting " fire.
	www.definitivewebmaster.net /table__artillery.htm (425 words)

	FM 17-98 Chapter 6 Combat Support
		From company/troop to brigade level, a COLT is placed under the control of a fire support coordinator to enhance the lasing capability of the FIST and to function as a dedicated observation platform (see Figure 6-1).
		If the FIST passes the fire mission to a supporting artillery unit, the scouts send all adjustments of the fire mission to the FIST, which relays the message to the artillery unit on a digital fire direction net (see Figure 6-5).
		The fire support plan must also support the scout platoon during movement along assigned route and while it is occupying OPs; fires may be used against enemy reconnaissance elements or forward security elements.
	www.cavalrypilot.com /fm17-98/ch6.htm (6015 words)

	Indirect Fire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		FTX artillery units support the CPX as the third maneuver battalion in the brigade and conduct indirect fire missions exactly the same for CPX and FTX.
		Fire missions from CPX into FTX produce an indirect fire signature and can create casualties in the FTX.
		Fire missions from FTX into CPX can also create casualties for the CPX enemy or friendly units.
	www.jrtc-polk.army.mil /OPS/cpx/ind.htm (90 words)

	React to Direct and Indirect Fire (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Pair up soldiers being tested.Brief Soldier: Tell the soldiers to pretend they are under direct or indirect fire.
		When he or she fires, you should fire.
		Concealment DOES NOT protect you from enemy fire.
	www.atsc.army.mil /itsd/comcor/in0510s.htm (1735 words)

	EIB STATION F
		You will determine the direction, range, and deviation corrections to shift fire from the known point to the target and announce those corrections to me within 3 minutes (point to the known point and the target).
		EQUIPMENT REQUIRED FOR POINT: Map sheets, protractors, binoculars, radio, lensatic compass, stopwatch, mortar firing simulator (type to be determined by the unit) or puff board, 60/81-mm pneumatic mortar, field table, pencil, and FB Form 20-12-R.
		A maximum of five rounds may be used and the fifth round, fire for effect, must land within 50 meters of the target.
	www.geocities.com /Pentagon/9063/StationF.htm (1114 words)

	What You Need to Know About the United States Army
		A Carbine is a weapon that is somewhat between a rifle and a pistol; frequently based upon the longer and heavier rifle.
		Indirect fire is, obviously enough, fire that is indirect.
		The projectile is fired up into the air at a particular trajectory calculated to bring that projectile down, somewhere downrange, onto the target you want to hit.
	www.factplace.com /usarmy.htm (916 words)

	DSTO > Publications > An Application of Queues to Offensive Support Indirect Fire Weapons Systems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The Australian Army's current indirect fire weapons systems capability is founded on delivery systems, operational procedures, ammunition and technologies from the 1960s.
		The changing nature of warfare to meet threats in urban environments, complex and littoral terrain has necessitated the requirement for the generation of new lethal and non-lethal effects beyond those currently available.
		This project enhances the Australian Army's indirect fire support capability with the replacement and enhancement of the Australian Defence Force's 105 mm Hamel Howitzer and 155 mm M198 Howitzer as these systems reach the projected end of service in 2010.
	www.dsto.defence.gov.au /publications/3492 (412 words)

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