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Topic: Indo-Australian Plate

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Indo-Australian Plate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The north-east side of the Australian plate forms a subducting boundary with the Eurasian plate on the borders of the Indian Ocean from Bangladesh, to Myanmar (former Burma) to the south-west of Indonesian islands of Sumatra and Borneo. The Indo-Australian plate is shown in dull orange on this map. The Pacific Plate subducting under the Australian Plate forms the Kermadec Trench, and the Tonga and Kermadec island arcs. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Indo-Australian_Plate   (385 words)

Plate Tectonic The present day Indo-Australian/Pacific plate margin is coincident with the Macquarie Ridge, an arcuate 2100 km long crustal fracture system connecting the Pacific/Antarctic and Indo-Australian/Antarctic spreading ridges with the Alpine Fault system in New Zealand. Major tectonic events since the early Miocene (~20 Ma) include the breakup of the Indo-Australian plate, and various collisional processes and plate boundary reorganizations north and east of Australia. The Australian Plate is bounded from the Pacific and Eurasian Plates by convergence, from the Indian Plate by a zone of compressional deformation, and from the Somalian and Antarctic Plates by divergence. web.earthsci.unimelb.edu.au /antarctica/plateTectonics.html   (584 words)

India and China Forming a Single Plate - Evidences from Himalaya, Arabian Sea and China . The Indo-Australian Plate is considered to be moving in NNE direction at the rate of 3-5 cm per year and as a result of this collision, the youngest fold belt in the form of Himalaya has risen out of the Tethys Sea. A new concept has been proposed about the northern boundary of Indo-Australian Plate which was supported by geomorphic feature and also by geophysical aspects. Both the plates are continental and subduction has taken place along the Indus Suture Zone on the northern boundary of the Himalayan range (Thakur and Sharma, 1983; Thakur, 1992; Valdiya, 1980 and Sinha, 1989). www.earthwaves.org /palpaper1.htm   (1451 words)

Ring of Fire Plates are like giant rafts of the earth's surface which often slide next to, collide with, and are forced underneath other plates. In Central America, the tiny Cocos plate is crashing into the North American plate and is therefore responsible for the Mexican volcanoes of Popocatepetl and Paricutun (which rose up from a cornfield in 1943 and became a instant mountains). From Russia's Kamchatka Peninsula to Japan, the subduction of the Pacific plate under the Eurasian plate is responsible for Japanese islands and volcanoes (such as Mt. Fuji). www.crystalinks.com /rof.html   (1355 words)

1cause.htm This happened on 26th December 2004 below Sumatra and the fault line between the Indo-Australian and the Eurasian plates. AT - Australian plate in rlation to alignment of the trench. CIDZ = Central Indian Ocean Deformation Zone, the fault line between the two rather large "minor" Indian and Australian plates. www.andaman.org /mapstsunami/1cause/1cause.htm   (258 words)

Mirror Glyph The plate is enormously important in geological terms, because it is placing stress on the Pacific plate as the Indo-Australian plate jettisons from the pressure of the buried plate beneath it. This buried plate is rotating at the southern tip of India and pulling from Australia beneath the Indo-Australian plate, the large tectonic plate between India and Australia. In turn, the Pacific plate is moving beneath the American plate on the Pacific coast of America, and the Atlantic plate is buckling at the mid-Atlantic rift. www.timestar.org /mirror.htm   (773 words)

Indo-Australian Actually Two Seperate Plates In addition, the scientists theorized that the lower part of the plate (Australian) is moving counterclockwise in relation to the upper part of the plate (Indian). This means that the plates at the newly claimed boundary are compressing with increasing intensity from the west to the east across the Central Indian Ocean. While the discovery of the new plates is certainly an accomplishment, there remain even greater challenges such as the search for the underlying cause for movement and formation of the plates. www.columbia.edu /cu/moment/v0/083195/geo.html   (580 words)

Did Tasmanian Tremor Act As Tsunami Catalyst? An Australian seismologist said the Indo-Australian tectonic plate had shifted, triggering first the smaller earthquake off the Tasmanian coast last Thursday and then Sunday's catastrophic one. The Indo-Australian plate moves about seven centimetres north each year, putting enormous pressure on the points where it connects with the Philippine and China plates. Indonesia was a hotspot for earthquake activity because that is where three of the earth's tectonic plates meet, Sinadinovski said. www.rense.com /general61/catal.htm   (524 words)

Plate Tectonics : Mountain Ranges The plates, therefore, emerging along mid-ocean ridges, sliding over the athenosphere, and grinding past other plates along transform faults, are almost all headed on a collision course. Thus, plate tectonics explains how the majestic peaks of one of the world’s great mountain ranges were once the deep sea-floors of an ancient drifting plate. Perhaps sediment from the Nazca Plate, which is diving under South America in the Peru-Chile Trench, is scraping off on the roots of the Andes. www.platetectonics.com /book/page_11.asp   (603 words)

Lecture: Introduction to plate tectonics, Dr. Rodrigue The Australian section (or possibly separate plate) may be moving counterclockwise to the Indian section, a little bit north of northeast). The Eurasian plate is moving eastbound (to the northeast in Europe and to the southeast in China). Plate tectonic activity has changed the earth's climates through moving landmasses around, through mountain building (orogeny, which leads to orographic precipitation, rainshadow deserts, and higher, cooler climates on mountains and plateaux), and through diverting warm ocean currents. www.csulb.edu /~rodrigue/geog140/lectures/tectonicintro.html   (1887 words)

Australian Volcanoes It is now thought that the central volcanoes were produced as the Australian continent moved over a hot spot in the underlying mantle which 'melted' through the plate to form the volcano. The plates are slowly being moved around the planet by underlying convection currents in the hotter, flowing mantle. Australian vulcanologists are often called upon to assist when major volcanic events disrupt human activity, such as the recent eruptions at Rabaul. www.beachbrowser.com /Archives/Science-and-Health/March-2000/Australian-Volcanoes.htm   (1794 words)

Plate Tectonics Tectonic plates are comprised of two types of lithosphere: continental and oceanic lithospheres; for example, the African Plate includes the continent and parts of the floor of the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. The key principle of plate tectonics is that the lithosphere exists as separate and distinct tectonic plates, which "float" on the fluid-like asthenosphere. These plates (and the more numerous minor plates) move in relation to one another at one of three types of plate boundaries: convergent (two plates push against one another), divergent (two plates move away from each other), and transform (two plates slide past one another). www.crystalinks.com /platetectonics.html   (1448 words)

ANU - MAC - MEDIA - MEDIA RELEASES - 2005 - JANUARY - 280105TEARINGPLATES The Indo-Australian plate is colliding with other plates in the north (in the Himalayas and New Guinea), sinking beneath Indonesia and moving away from the Antarctic and African plates to the south and west. In the case of the Indo-Australian plate, on which Australia rests, the combination of stresses are being felt in the ground beneath our feet. Seismic activity under the Indian Ocean caused by this transfer of forces suggests that the Indo-Australian plate is breaking up to form two new plates, however there’s no need to start panicking just yet, Dr Schellart said. info.anu.edu.au /mac/Media/Media_Releases/_2005/_January/_280105tearingplates.asp   (438 words)

EnjoyNepal :: Guide to Geology The mountains appeared later, as the Indo-Australian plate was pushed under Eurasia, and the surface of the earth began to fold. About 60 million years ago, before the Indo-Australian plate collided with the Eurasian continent, Nepal was an open expanse of water. Still more mountains were created as the Continental Plates continued crunching against each other. www.enjoynepal.com /Travel_Guide/about_nepal/tg_aboutnepal_geology.asp   (507 words)

Jia Fang's Page(Macquarie Ridge) The Macquarie Ridge Complex (MRC) south of New Zealand forms a segment of the Pacific/Indo-Australian plate boundary.  During 1994, R/V Rig Seismic collected multichannel seismics, gravity, sidescan and bathymetry data along the MRC to define the pattern of along-strike alternation of ridge and trench segments of the complex. In particular, the central MRC is characterized by an eastward verging overthrust block containing Macquarie Island.  Immediately to the south is a westward verging overthrust block associated with the Hjort trench.  At the Hjort trench, younger Indo-Australian lithosphere is being subducted (underthrust) beneath the older Pacific plate. www.ldeo.columbia.edu /~jia/macquarie.html   (117 words)

Online edition of Daily News - News People should be aware that Sri Lanka is no longer safe from earthquakes due to a new plate boundary phenomenon which is being formed in the south of Sri Lanka, Senior Geologist of Peradeniya University and former Director of the Institute of Fundamental Studies Prof. Dissanayake said the people should be aware of this new plate boundary phenomenon which will have the possibility of causing earthquakes. He said there are 12 plate boundaries on Earth which move around. www.dailynews.lk /2004/12/27/new22.html   (254 words)

Miles Of Mush Even more surprising was their discovery that in between the boundaries of the three new plates there is a tectonic morass perhaps a thousand miles wide in places -- the "miles of mush" of our title. Plate tectonics (nee "continental drift"), once a revolutionary idea in geology and geophysics, seems poised for another upheaval. Usually, quakes are confined to the edges of plates where they crunch against neighboring plates. www.science-frontiers.com /sf116/sf116p11.htm   (239 words)

Catalyst: Fractured Future - ABC TV Science Our planet is experiencing an extreme makeover: the Indo-Australian plate — the plate upon which Australia rests, extending from New Zealand all the way to the Himalayan ranges - is going to rupture and break in two, changing the very face of the earth as we know it. Soon, in geological terms several million years, maybe ten million years, there'll be a separate Indian plate and an Australian plate, going their different ways. New Australian research reveals that Australia isn't immune to this process; in fact earthquakes triggered by our plate's activity occur here with startling frequency and force. www.abc.net.au /catalyst/stories/s1360803.htm   (1412 words)

Indian Ocean Earthquake and Tsunami The counter-clockwise rotation of the new Australian plate in relation to the Indian Plate has led to compression in the Eastern boundary near Indonesia and tension in teh Western part of the new plate. "The result of this critical stage in the collision between India and Asia is the breakup of the Indo-Australia Plate into separate Indian and Australian plates," Jeffrey Weissel, a scientist at Lamont-Doherty, Columbia's earth sciences research institute in Palisades, N.Y., said in an interview. In this region, the Burma plate is characterized by significant strain partitioning due to oblique convergence of the India and Australia plates to the west and the Sunda and Eurasian plates to the east. www.ldeo.columbia.edu /~lareef/tsunami/science.html   (9334 words)

Study: Break-up of the Indo-Australian tectonic plate : Media Releases : News : The University of Melbourne Australian and American researchers investigating forces exerted on the Indo-Australian tectonic plate have discovered that the considerable stresses being exerted on the plate could be leading to its breaking up. The continents and oceans all lie on these plates, the major ones referred to as the African, Eurasian, Indo-Australian, Antarctic, Philippine, Pacific, Nazca, North American and South American, depending on their geographic location. Portions of individual plates that extend down into the mantle and under an adjacent plate are called subducting slabs. uninews.unimelb.edu.au /articleid_2033.html   (965 words)

Catalog Page for PIA06662 The two plates generally converge in subduction zones, but in a scissor-like pattern, with the Indo-Austalian plate overriding the Pacific plate to the north and the Pacific plate overriding the Indo-Australian plate to the south. (The east-over-west (Pacific over Indo-Australian) plate convergence generally occurs south of the South Island.) The Alpine fault is the major strand of this fault system along most of the length of the island, near and generally paralleling the west coast. The Pacific plate dives under the North Island and this subduction process leads to melting of rocks at depth, the rise of magma to the surface, and the formation of volcanoes and other geothermal features. photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov /catalog/PIA06662   (574 words)

Simons and van der Hilst (2003) Seismic structure of the Australian upper mantle and its relation to the motion of the Indo-Australian plate We interpret the three-dimensional seismic wavespeed structure of the Australian upper mantle by comparing its azimuthal anisotropy to estimates of past and present lithospheric deformation. We infer the fossil strain field from the orientation of gravity anomalies relative to topography, bypassing the need to extrapolate crustal measures, and derive the current direction of mantle deformation from present-day plate motion. www.es.ucl.ac.uk /people/fjsimons/simons/Simons+2003-EPSL.html   (439 words)

Why the March 8.7 Quake Did Not Cause a Tsunami In the left-hand frame, the 'scientist' was explaining that in the Sumatran (also known as "Suma" and Sundra") Trench, the Indo-Australian tectonic plate had slid beneath the Eurasian tectonic plate, which of course is true. This was all forgotten on March 28 this year, when Australian government geophysicists excitedly displayed the seismic trace of the Sumatran 8.7 earthquake, thus proving their equipment could read any magnitude, and furthermore proving they blatantly lied back in December. Both plates are underwater, so although one might rise slightly, the other will drop by exactly the same amount, each displacing (taking up) the same quantity of water. www.joevialls.net /sumatra/earthquake.html   (3747 words)

Savage Earth: The Ring of Fire This oceanic plate is blanketed with seafloor sediments, and its crust is water-logged. In the Pacific Northwest the tiny Juan de Fuca plate, formed at a spreading center just to the west, is sinking (subducting) beneath the North American plate. Alaska's Aleutian islands, all volcanic in origin and formed from the subduction of the Pacific plate beneath the North American, represent the northern arc of the Ring of Fire. www.pbs.org /wnet/savageearth/hellscrust/html/sidebar3.html   (357 words)

Natural History Magazine Samplings Along the coast of Sumatra and the islands to its north, the Indo-Australian tectonic plate is steadily pushing northward and, at the same time, thrusting under the Eurasian plate. The two plates are converging here at a rate of an inch or two a year, building up immense stresses at the boundary. On that morning the plate boundary, which is normally locked up by the pressure and friction of the rock masses, gave way near the northern tip of Sumatra, about twenty miles below the surface of the sea. www.naturalhistorymag.com /0905/0905_samplings.html   (2125 words)

The Telegraph - Calcutta : International The maps show the boundary between the deep, flat Indo-Australian plate, and the heavily deformed edge of the Eurasian plate. The earthquake occurred 20 miles below the sea floor where the Indo-Australian plate is colliding with the Eurasian plate. The ocean survey vessel Scott studied the “rupture zone” separating the two tectonic plates that clashed to create the magnitude 9.3 quake off the west coast of Indonesia. www.telegraphindia.com /1050211/asp/foreign/story_4364754.asp   (354 words)

oct151999.htm New Zealand forms the boundary between the Pacific and Indo-Australian Plate, and interestingly the Pacific Plate is being subducted beneath the Indo-Australian Plate to the northeast of New Zealand, while the Indo-Australian Plate is being subducted beneath the Pacific Plate to the south of New Zealand (see map). While it is still clear that the crustal plates include both crustal and lithospheric mantle material, and that for the most part they move together as a unit, if these authors are correct there may be a partial de-coupling of the crust and the lithospheric mantle at plate boundaries. The subduction zone boundaries are joined by the 800 km long Alpine Fault, which extends along the length of the South Island and part way across the North Island. www.mala.bc.ca /~earles/oct151999.htm   (336 words)

WhatDoesItMean.Com The plates are moving at a speed that has been estimated at 1 to 10 cm per year. The theory of plate tectonics (meaning "plate structure") was developed in the 1960's. Not well known in the West however is that there are multiple numbers of other theories in contention with plate tectonics, and to which none, including plate tectonics, have ever been proven. www.whatdoesitmean.com /index624.htm   (1123 words)

Neotectonics : Australia to the south of the Australian continent, where the separation of the Indo-Australian and Antarctic plates is responsible for the formation of a prominent ridge in the middle of the southern Ocean (forming the so-called mid-ocean ridge shown in pink in the figure below). Across this zone the Pacific and Indo-Australian plates are converging, with the "collision between the two plates responsible for the formation of the Southern Alps. Shaded topography of the Australian continent derived from the TerrainBase dataset. jaeger.earthsci.unimelb.edu.au /msandifo/Essays/Neotectonics/australia.html   (587 words)

The Command Post - Global Recon - Earthquakes and Tsunamis The Indo-Australian plate is being forced underneath the denser Eurasian plate at a rate of about 6cm each year at the Java Trench (here is a simplified animation of the process). These plates effectively float on the dense, hot asthenosphere, a layer of the mantle in which the rock is hot enough to become pliable - to be able to deform without fracturing. The stresses caused by the two plates scraping together force pressure to build in the rock until it discharges all at once, literally snapping. www.command-post.org /nk/2_archives/019213.html   (1153 words)

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