The Indo-Hephthalites, or Hunas as they were known in India, where part of the Hephthalites group, who established themselves in
After the end of the sixth century little is recorded in India about the Hephthalites, and what happened to them is unclear; some historians surmise that the remaining Hephthalites were assimilated into northern India's population.
Gurjara origins and their relationship to the Hephthalites are not well documented, and subject to considerable debate.
Hephthalites moved west to the Russian steppe to form the Avar Khanate late 6th cent after its Hephthalite Empire was destroyed by the Turks and Sassanians in today's Iran in AD 553-568.
Some people claimed that the remaining Hephthalites (White Huns) moved west to the Russian steppe to form the Avar Khanate late 6th cent, and some people also claimed that the earlier Ruruans had fled westward to form the Avars.
The Turkic chief Sinjibu conquered the Hephthalites and killed their king.
In the 480's the Hephthalite king Toramana broke through the Gupta defenses in the northeast, and much of the empire was overrun by the Hunas by 500.
The empire disintegrated under the attacks of Toramana and his successor, Mihirakula; the Hunas conquered the northeast, and several provinces of the empire, including Malwa, Gujarat, and Thanesar, broke away under the rule of local dynasties.
Most scholars believe it is Iranian for the Pei Shih states that the language of the Hephthalites differs from those of the Juan-juan (Mongoloid) and of the "various Hu" (Turkic); however there are some think the Hephthalites spoke Mongol tongues like the Hsien-pi (3rd century) and the Juan-juan (5th century) and the Avars (6th-9th century).
A Western student's first encounter with the mysterious Ephthalites, or Hephthalites, or White Huns of Central Asia, is probably via the writings of Procopius, that contemporary of the Byzantine Emperor Justinian and fierce polemicist against his sovereign and the Empress Theodora.
Although Sung Yun and Hui Sheng reported that the Hephthalites did not believe in Buddhism, though there is ample archaeological evidence that this religion was practiced in territories under Hephthalite control.
[click for more], Indo-Hephthalites The Indo-Hephthalites, or Hunas as they were known in India, where part of the Hephthalites group, who established themselves in Afghanistan by the first half of the fifth century, with their capital at Bamiyan....
Main articles: Hephthalites The Hephthalites, also known as White Huns, were a nomadic people who lived across northern China, Central Asia, and northern India in the fourth through sixth centuries.
The term Hephthalite derives from Greek, supposedly a rendering of "Hayathelite", the name used by Persian writers to refer to a 6th century empire on the northern and eastern periphery of their land....
In the 4th century the Hephthalites which were related to the Tocharians settled in Bactria, and for almost two hundred years engaged in wars with the Sasanians.
The Bactrian script used by the Kushans and Hephthalites was Tocharian which itself was a modified version of the Greek alphabet.
By studying these texts and the ones on coins belonging to the Kushan and Hephthalite kings, it was determined that the language used belongs to the Iranian group.
Here Come the Hephthalites (410 AD-565 AD) who are considered to be another Scythian-related tribe although there is controversy about their name (which means 'White Hun') which normally refers to Mongolian-Turkish invaders.
The Hephthalites were destroyed in 565 AD by a combination of Sassanid and Kök-Turk forces.
As later archeologists discovered many factor that proved that Hephthalites were a branch of Scythian.
We found that current Tajiks are the descendants of Central Asian proto-Indo-European tribes namely Sogdian, Chorazmian, Bactrian, Scythean, Massagets, Hephthalites.
And finally we found that Tajiks are heading to direction the unification of Tajiks, the process of reviving their culture, art and science, history and of course to join other Indo-European nations in building the multinational, democratic and progressive world as they (Tajiks) were striving to do throughout their history.
Conclusion In this article we found that Tajiks ancestors were spread in ancient world in the vast Central Asian Steppes.
After the collapse of the Persian empire in the 4th century BC, Sogdiana was ruled by a succession of the Greeks, the nomadic Yüeh-chih, the Kushan kings, the Sasanians, the Hephthalites, the Turks, and finally succumbing to the Mongols.
The religions of these peoples, who had settled in the Eastern Turkestan in the first to third centuries AD, were Buddhism, Manichaeism, or Christianity.
There were other "Aryan Speaking Tribes" like Hephthalites (White Huns), Tocharians, Kushana (Kushiite), Hellenics(Greek remnants from Alexanders army), Saka, Proto-Hittites and others who too were similarly absorbed in the caste system but their inter-play was basically restricted/maintained in to their respective castes.
The reason I specify Kurgans is because Kurgans were the only "certified" Indo-European tribes to have settled in a large scale in the Indian sub-continent.
There has been lot of variety in the "Indo-European" invasions in Asia (IranandIndia)...these were not a single tribe but multiple tribes under multiple confederations at far ranging periods...that had invaded asia per se.
The Bactrian documents, many of which are dated, refer not only to the Arabs but also to previous rulers of the region such as the Sassanian Persians, Hephthalites and Turks.
They attest unusual customs such as polyandry as well as a variety of religions including Zoroastrianism, Buddhism and Islam, and there are points of contact with the Iranian legends of the Shahnama as well as with the accounts of Chinese and Arab historians.
In these lectures, which were illustrated with slides and overheads, Prof.
In the period of the decline of the Hephthalites in northern
It appears on Hephthalite coins as Iapgu in the local Hephthalite version of the Greek alphabet, and in the Arabic historical sources in an Arabo-Persian form as
The Sikhs themselves were not a single community but was a motley group of 'Indo-Iranian' Hephthalites, Jutes, Scythians, Kurgan (Indo-European tribes) and Sudroid tribes (aboriginal tribes) who while remaining within their communities took up a common way of life to fight the scourge of medeival Islam.
They were the ones who were primarily responsible for restraining the spread of Islam in North India which was once the seat of an ancient Indo-Europid civilization.
There are a lot of lessons to be learnt from their story.
450-565),extending from Chinese Sinkiang to Sassanian Iran,from Sogdia to the Punjab.More than thirty separate semi-independent kingdoms had been conquered.The Hephthalites however,had no peace during their reign,and the Sassanians were their chief antagonists.Several Sassanian monarchs,frustrated in wars with the Byzantine Empire,turned east.Initially successful,they were ultimately defeated by the militarily adroit Hephthalites about A.D. 484(Porada,1965,261).
The early history of the Hephthalites in northeastern Iran is still very vague,since the sources do not always distinguish between the Chionites,Kidarites and Hephthalites."
Contemporary information about the Hephthalites is scarce.In the sixth century,Procopius of Caesarea described the Hephthalites as follows: