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	Vocative case - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Historically, the vocative case was an element of the Indoeuropean system of cases, and existed in Latin, Sanskrit, and Classical Greek.
		The asterisk in front of the Indoeuropean words means that they are merely hypothetical reconstructions, not based on any written sources.
		In Polish, unlike in Latin, the vocative is almost always different from the nominative case and is formed according to a complex grammatical pattern.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Vocative_case (1059 words)

	The Original Nominal System of Proto-Indoeuropean - Case and Gender (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Regarding personal pronouns which do not distinguish gender in Indoeuropean languages one must be interested in their accusative (absolute case) ending.
		As the verb already corresponded to the agent of the sentence, it is not surprising that this primitive innovation was well-suited to win the run for the agent representation.
		This was the begin of the Indoeuropean nominative era leading to the commonly reconstructed Proto-Indoeuropean stage.
	members.pgv.at /homer/INDOEURO/gender.htm (766 words)

	Celtic Homepage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		For this period anyhow, we have some hints that the population of at least parts of europe already was indoeuropean, as we know that the first greek migration has to be dated to about 1800 BC, and those greeks, as far as we know, already spoke an indoeuropean language.
		Even less than that we know if this shift was motivated by an "indoeuropean invasion" somewhere out of the russian plains, if it was just a fashion to become indoeuropean or if it was just an evolution thet took place in all of europe which transformed the preindoeuropean society to an indoeuropean one.
		As a matter of fact, however it was, it has to be stated that the great mass of the population even in case of an invasion would stay the same "preinvasion" population and only slowly being changed through intermixture to a new population, a mixed invader-invaded population.
	www.cyberius.net /~loki/history/kelt/keltic.html (1182 words)

	Eidos Forums - weird
		The Indoeuropean language is the mother of all possible languages.
		It is called Indoeuropean cause it connects Asia (India) with Europe (it is a geographic term, not a linguistic term).
		The Indoeuropean language is considered to be the first ever spoken language.
	forums.eidosgames.com /showthread.php?t=619 (1177 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Indoeuropean rates are based on the data in file IE-DATA1.
		The paper just cited also illustrates the use of replacement rates to estimate time separations among the speech varieties, and presents graphs to contrast the time separations for Indoeuropean and Austronesian with time separations that would have been yielded by the classical assumption that "all replacement rates are equal".
		Some of the glosses are followed by notes to characterize the meaning, but the lexicostatistical literature (including the original listing of these meanings by Morris Swadesh in 1952) should be consulted for further clarification.
	www.ntu.edu.au /education/langs/ielex/IE-RATE1 (565 words)

	ernst jünger mailing list archive - indoeuropean
		Beste Grüße Martin Reichel ----- Original Message ----- From: "Gerd Groenewold" To: Sent: Saturday, April 06, 2002 4:45 AM Subject: Re: [Juenger-list] indoeuropean I don't know exactly what your point is, or why, but: More than a century of German academics would disagree with you about there being no such thing as Indo-Germanic.
		Although in English we say Indo-European, Indogermanisch is, as far as I can tell, the most common term used in German philological parlance over the last century, not just pre-1945.
		About 5000 years ago, the Germans, the Latins(or Italics) >were all somewhere in "South Russia-Ukraine-northern tip of Black and >Caspian seas", communicating with Slavs and all other Indoeuropean peoples >in a common language which, at that time was most likely already showing >sings of dialects or traits by the smaller Sub-Tribes.
	www.juenger.org /mailarchive/4_2002/msg00022.php (610 words)

	[No title]
		Rationale for the volume and its scope: This book is an in-depth study of a morphologically rich non-indoeuropean language from a minimalist perspective.
		Such studies are rare to find and will be welcomed by the community of scholars interested in morphosyntactic properties that are not overtly found in Indoeuropean languages.
		Reflexives and reciprocal suffixes will be analyzed in detail as morphological processes that affect argument structure and are different from their pronominal counterpart in most Indoeuropean languages and do not require agreement.
	www.rci.rutgers.edu /~lsanchez/researchprojects/Quechuabook.doc (886 words)

	1310
		The evidence of a proto IndoEuropean language is derived from the physical attributes of words themselves in various IndoEuropean languages.
		Since all IndoEuropean languages share these similar words, linguists believe the words must represent common things in the lives of the proto-indo speakers.
		They don’t share such words as camel, rice, bamboo which have different roots in various languages and cannot be traced to one language so they must have been added later.
	www.geo.utep.edu /pub/nick_miller/1310/LECTURE_9.html (2075 words)

	Indoeuropean
		They have tried to unravel the paths by which the language broke into daughter languages that spread throughout Eurasia, seeking at the origin of those paths the homeland of the protolanguage itself.
		Tocharian was another language family that diverged from the IndoEuropean protolanguage quite early.
		The rooting of the IndoEuropean languages in eastern Anatolia is also suggested by the frequency of words borrowed from a number of languages that flourished there: Semitic, Kartvelian, Sumerian and even Egyptian.
	www.biblemysteries.com /library/indoeuropean.htm (2777 words)

	Indoeuropean and general linguistics
		It was the monograph by Vytautas Maziulis Relations between Baltic and other Indoeuropean Languages, that arose interest in the non-accusative approach to the problem.
		Irregular systematic correspondences or the Kartvelian map of Indoeuropean.
		Review: New contributions to Proto-Nostratic: A.R. Bomhard, Toward Proto-Nostratic / Amsterdam Studies in the Theory and History of Linguistic Science, Series IV - Current Issues in Linguistic Theory, Vol.
	www.geocities.com /palmaitis/idegen.html (414 words)

	ernst jünger mailing list archive - indoeuropean
		About 5000 years ago, the Germans, the Latins(or Italics)=20 >were all somewhere in "South Russia-Ukraine-northern tip of Black and=20 >Caspian seas", communicating with Slavs and all other Indoeuropean peoples= =20 >in a common language which, at that time was most likely already showing=20 >sings of dialects or traits by the smaller Sub-Tribes.
		indoeuropean Martin Reichel Sat, 6 Apr 2002 10:22:35 +0200
		indoeuropean Ted Lebar Thu, 4 Apr 2002 12:00:30 -0500
	www.juenger.org /mailarchive/4_2002/msg00020.php (570 words)

	The common Indoeuropean heritage of Welsh and Hindi \| Wikinerds Portal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Proto-Indoeuropean is a hypothetical language spoken by the common ancestors of most Europeans, Iranians and Indians: the Indoeuropeans.
		As the Indoeuropeans migrated in Europe, Iran and India, their language quickly changed and divided in what are now the members of the Indoeuropean language group.
		It is not a dialect of English but a distinct language, although both of them are members of the Indoeuropean group (with English being in the Germanic subgroup and Welsh in the Celtic).
	portal.wikinerds.org /welsh-hindi-indoeuropean-2005mar (1215 words)

	Relations between Indoeuropean and Afroasiatic Languages
		As an age of at least tenthousand years is supposed for this family it is worth noticing that the Sahara was green at the time of Proto-Afroasiatic and that Europe was under the influence of the last glacial epoch at the same time.
		It has been seldom noticed that any relationship between Indoeuropean and Semitic languages requires the assumption of a relationship between the Indoeuropean and the entire Afroasiatic family.
		The common origin of gender in Central Khoisan, Afroasiatic and Indoeuropean already has been maintained, as this feature is a rare one among the world's language families.
	www.dabis.at /Anwender.htm/Alscher/afroasia.htm (740 words)

	New Page 0
		The Pelasgi were perhaps the first inhabitants of the Palatine, the hill on which Rome would later rise, and perhaps the very ancient town called "square Rome" is attributed to them.
		The Arcadi, originally from Peloponnesia, speaking an ancient Greek language, and therefore Indoeuropean, is the perfect example of this fusion between Indoeuropean people and pre-Indoeuropean populations, given that Peloponnesia is the region in which the Pelasgic presence lasted the longest.
		This half consisted partly of people speaking Indoeuropean idioms, like Arcadians of Evandro, of whom the presence on the Roman hills of the Palatine would be dated to 60 years before the Trojan war or, like Ulysses' Achei and Enea's Trojans, immediately after the Trojan war.
	www.arcaini.com /ITALY/ItalyHistory/OriginNameItaly.htm (461 words)

	Wikinerds Portal \| We are a community of nerds interested in science, technology, wikis and open-source software (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		He was determined to expose the thieves and he quickly traced them in a hotel after some detective work, helping the police to arrest them.
		The common Indoeuropean heritage of Welsh and Hindi
		If you have ever travelled and noticed similarities between geographically distant tongues, you may have re-discovered their common Indoeuropean heritage...
	portal.wikinerds.org /node?from=60 (2343 words)

	[No title]
		COMPARATIVE INDOEUROPEAN DATABASE COLLECTED BY ISIDORE DYEN FILE IE-DATA1 Copyright (C) 1997 by Isidore Dyen, Joseph Kruskal, and Paul Black This file was last modified on Feb 5, 1997 ----------------- TABLE OF CONTENTS ----------------- 1.
		These data were the basis for, and are fully described in, the monograph "An Indoeuropean Classification: A Lexicostatistical Experiment" by Isidore Dyen, Joseph B Kruskal, and Paul Black, in Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, 1992, vol.
		The first 84 lists appear in the same order used in the Indoeuropean classification (in Appendices 1 and 5 and Figure 1 of the monograph).
	www.wordgumbo.com /ie/cmp/iedata.txt (2704 words)

	Minority languages of Russia on the Net - Indoeuropean languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Indoeuropean languages - one of the largest linguistic families in Eurasia that has spread also to the Northern and Southern America, Australia and, to some extent, Africa.
		The following Indoeuropean languages, in addition to Russian, are generally regarded as native to Russia:
		Yiddish, Ossetian and Tat have literary status (the first based on the traditional Hebrew script, others on the Russian script).
	www.peoples.org.ru /eng_indoevr.html (87 words)

	*s-w-
		But in the latter he lets IndoEuropean introduce a -w- ("w-preformative and metathesis"), after which it might as well have been derived from his s-p-H- (or rather, both might be derived from a s-p- with extensions).
		What intrigued me, was the occurence of a “pet fl pig” in the among the descendants of the *s-k- root.
		In IndoEuropean, the root for “sow, pig” su:-, su-in- belongs with the *s-w- root.
	www.angelfire.com /rant/tgpedersen/sw.html (1318 words)

	Fitaly is optimized for Indoeuropean languages
		I had already found out this for French and Italian.
		This must be a reflection of the common Indoeuropean origin of these languages.
		Incidentally, we ran the above German tests on 2 MB of the writings of Franz Kafka.
	www.fitaly.com /board/winceforum/posts/85.html (312 words)

	The Noble Path
		Welcome to the Web Community of the Noble Path, a tengwos (meeting place), of practitioners of the Eternal Tradition of the ancient culture and religion of the traditional IndoEuropean peoples prior to the conversions of many of them to foreign religions.
		There are both many differences and many similarities among the IndoEuropean peoples.
		The Noble Path is the "Eternal Tradition" of the IndoEuropean family of cultures and religions.
	groups.msn.com /TheNoblePath/homepage.msnw?pgmarket=en-us (172 words)

	LING 407 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The course is an introduction to historical and comparative Indoeuropean, focusing on what Lithuanian shows us about Porto-Indoeuropean and the origins of al the Indoeuropean languages.
		This will be done by comparing Lithuanian phonology and grammar with those of Sanskrit, Hittite, Tocharian, Greek, Latin, Old Church Slavonic, and reconstructed Proto-Indoeuropean itself.
		Reading topics will include principles and methodology and historical linguistics, comparative Indoeuropean linguistics, and structure of modern Lithuanian.
	darkwing.uoregon.edu /~reesc/ling407.Lithuanian.Vakareliyska.htm (142 words)

	Quiz2bKey
		Please fill in the missing blanks in the following table of the Tripartite Indoeuropean Organization.
		Please identify Two of the following terms as completely as you can in 3-4 sentences (DON'T GO ON AND ON!!!!).
		type of god identified by Dumezil in many different Indoeuropean cultures
	ccwf.cc.utexas.edu /~perlman/myth/quiz2bkey.html (320 words)

	Celtic Resources And References
		It is not known if they spoke an indoeuropean language or still the pre-indoeuropean tongues.
		Little is known of the bronze age (2500 - 800 BC) either, the race character of the people is unknown, but since the first Greek migration occured in 1800 BC at least some of the people now spoke an indoeuropean language.
		It is not known if this was motivated by indoeuropean migrations out of Russia, or if Europe as a whole under went cultural evolution at the same time to become indoeuropean.
	www.tylwythteg.com /celtic.html (4313 words)

	[No title]
		He studied Sanskrit and noticed the similarities to classical Greek and Latin.
		Modern Indoeuropean Language Families Germanic: German, English, Scandinavian, Dutch, Afrikaans, Yiddish, etc Balto-Slavic: Lithuanian; Russian, Polish, Czech, Bulgarian, etc Latin: French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, Catalan, etc Greek: Homeric Greek (900 BCE), Classical Greek (400 BCE), Modern Greek.
		The language of the ancient sages was holy and must not be changed in prayers, chants, invocations, etc. The language of God and of the gods.
	www.cs.indiana.edu /~port/teach/relg/wk2B.PIE.Hind.doc (708 words)

	Some Latin irregularities explained (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		These things - as other irregularities - in Latin can be explained by looking at reconstruted proto-indoeuropean:
		(2) This also can be explained as a residue of the ancient indoeuropean flexion.
		The -n- also apears in other Indoeuropean languages, such as Sanscrit, in the same position where it apear -n- in Latin verbs!
	www.societasviaromana.org /Collegium_Latinum/explain.php (259 words)

	The Tower of Babel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		For instance, when Europeans first came to Australia, they found hundreds of aborigine languaes, no two of which apparently resembled eachother any more than English and Japanese resemble eachother.
		The two language groups should be strongly related but, in real life, other than for a few borrowed words, they are not related at all.
		In other words, when IndoEuropean, Semitic, and other peoples met in the Mediterranean basin, since some of them wrote from right to left and others wrote from left to right and since vowel sounds were not written at first, when one nation borrowed a word from another, the order of consonents frequently got reversed.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/news/670242/posts (5831 words)

	[No title]
		There is no meaningful racial difference between IndoEuropean and Semitic peoples and you'd not figure that more than 5,000 or 6,000 years or so had passed since the two groups split up.
		Moreover, amongst the few borrowed words, there are a sizable number of what are called "reversals".
		These reversals included names of gods and godesses (Anath/Athene, Hermes/Mercurius etc.), and any number of common conceptions:
	www.bearfabrique.org /Catastrophism/babel.html (3400 words)

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