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Topic: Indonesian military

	Foreign Military Studies Office Publications - THE INDONESIAN MILITARY: DWI FUNGSI AND TERRITORIAL OPERATIONS
		Most important, the military decided that it was wrong to share the decision-making power with civilian agencies and installed a political system by which they could direct the political, economic and social development of the country and still perform their primary duty, national defense.
		The Indonesian press regularly reports housing construction and monetary donations by the predominately Muslim military to the local Catholic church as proof that the military is good for the province.
		According to doctrine, the Indonesian military conducts intelligence operations to counter the propaganda or conducts territorial operations (construction) to restore the population's faith in the government.
	www.fas.org /irp/world/indonesia/indo-fmso.htm (6539 words)

	Foreign Policy In Focus \| Enabling the Indonesian Military
		In 2005, saying that “a reformed and effective Indonesian military is in the interest of everyone in the region,” Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice lifted the last restrictions on military aid.
		While the military continues to resist efforts to reform, anger at the TNI’s penchant for violence is growing.
		The Missing Person and Victims of Violence organization is petitioning the government to move the case from military to civilian courts.
	fpif.org /fpiftxt/4400 (1251 words)

	Military of Indonesia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		During the Suharto era, the military was sometimes said to have a "dual function" (dwifungsi) in Indonesia; first, it would preserve the internal and external security of the country, preserving it as a unified nation, and second, it would ensure that government policy followed a path that the military leadership felt was wise.
		In 2005 the Indonesian Air Force experienced a logistics crisis, especially in regard to the F-16 Fighting Falcons and A-4 Skyhawks that account for almost 80% of the total number of Indonesian combat aircraft.
		Also, by cooperating with local military equipment manufacturers such as Pindad and Hoverindo Nusa Persada, the Indonesian military is now capable of manufacturing its own military equipment, which mostly ranges in areas of small arms due to Indonesia's inability to master more advanced and larger weaponry such as armor, air and naval units.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Military_of_Indonesia (1021 words)

	Indonesian military continues war in Aceh despite devestation : Melbourne Indymedia
		The Indonesian military have not ceased raids against separatist rebels, despite the devastation of the Acehnese people in the earthquake and tsunami of December 26, 2004.
		Military spokesman, Colonel Ahmad Yani Basuki, acknowledged operations against the rebels were continuing and more troops have been sent to Aceh, but said the Government had reassigned two-thirds of all the troops to disaster relief.
		Indonesian military chief General Endriartono Sutarto called on 27 December for an unprecedented temporary ceasefire with the rebels so focus could be shifted onto rebuilding Aceh, in the north of Sumatra which suffered the most damage.
	melbourne.indymedia.org /news/2005/01/85808.php (1228 words)

	New Indonesian Regime Anticipates Renewed [Free Republic]
		Indonesian military officials are apparently well aware of Washington's interest in rebuilding relations.
		The military is considered the political power broker in Indonesia, and in the latest crisis helped quicken Wahid's demise by refusing to support his presidential decree suspending parliament.
		Indonesian military leaders see renewed U.S. ties as offering the potential for much-needed financial assistance, as well as lending legitimacy to the military's increased internal security and political roles.
	www.freerepublic.com /forum/a3b60d74e2432.htm (937 words)

	Allies Get Special Military Training
		Human-rights activists and critics in Congress contend that Indonesia's military has long been corrupt and that it may be to blame for the 2002 slayings of two Americans and the massacre of scores of residents of the island of East Timor before it won independence in May 2002.
		U.S. military aid to Indonesia was cut off by Congress in 1992, and only a limited military exchange has been allowed, intended to increase the Indonesian military's awareness of human rights.
		Military aid packages to places as diverse as Yemen, Eritrea, Tajikistan and Georgia have opened doors for the U.S. in parts of the world that were hitherto out of reach.
	www.military.com /NewsContent/0,13319,FL_training_031205,00.html (1116 words)

	US whitewashes Indonesian military over Papuan murders (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The Indonesian military in already engaged in a ruthless war of attrition against separatist guerrillas in the province of Aceh—all in the name of “fighting terrorism”.
		Indonesian police who initially investigated the crime concluded that there was evidence of TNI involvement.
		The willingness of the Bush administration to brush aside evidence pointing to the military’s involvement in the murder of American citizens is a clear indication that it regards close ties with Indonesia’s repressive security apparatus as essential to US interests in the region.
	wsws.org /articles/2004/aug2004/papu-a05.shtml (1307 words)

	Indonesian military implicated
		Estevao says the soldiers he saw wore military uniforms and insignia indicating they belonged to Battalion 745, a unit composed of East Timorese known for their loyalty to Indonesia and opposition to independence.
		Estevao's account is further evidence that Indonesia's military was complicit in Thoenes's death and indeed the overall violence that gripped East Timor last month, something officials and government leaders in Jakarta have denied.
		They say that "rogue elements" from the military may have been involved, but insist that the military as an institution was not.
	www.angelfire.com /rock/hotburrito/thoenes/barr051099.html (720 words)

	Indonesian Military-Organized Sexual Violence in East Timor Causes Concern
		This means her violation confirms the vicious pattern of torture and killing by Indonesian forces in Timor after the winning of the Nobel Prize--something the Indonesian armed forces and the government denied was happening.
		After 3 days the military took her corpse away, with hands and feet tied and three her in the sand at Hera, covering her with leaves.
		Left: The Indonesian military have written on the body of the tortured woman translated thusly: above her breasts - "This is a Timorese champion.
	www.geocities.com /Tokyo/Subway/5507/augustus99/TIM-women_concern.html (1440 words)

	U.S. Move to Resume Training Indonesian Military Draws Concern
		Wolfowitz has long argued that U.S. military re-engagement with the Indonesian military (TNI) should be an urgent priority in the U.S.-led war on terrorism, and that it can help improve the armed forces' human rights performance, a contention with which human rights groups and many Indonesia analysts strongly disagree.
		Indonesian soldiers guard Acehnese youths after they were arrested in Geudeubang village, in the Bireun district of restive Aceh province on June 18, 2003.
		The Pentagon, however, is particularly eager to renew ties with Indonesian military officers as part of the war on terrorism in which Washington hopes the TNI will play a key role.
	www.commondreams.org /headlines03/0715-02.htm (1332 words)

	Asia Times - News and analysis from throughout Southeast Asia
		In the Indonesian military bill submitted to the House of Representatives (DPR) for deliberations recently, the military (known as the TNI) seeks to revive its territorial command, reintroduce its dual functions and limit the president's authority over the institution to approving troop deployment for war and civic services only.
		This return-to-barracks policy requires the military to abstain from practical politics and forces the institution to abandon its territorial command - which in practice means deploying troops down to the regency level - and dual functions, defense and socio-political roles.
		The military, which undoubtedly remains the country's strongest political entity, earned praise and respect in the April 5 legislative elections and the July 5 presidential elections as its personnel stayed largely neutral throughout the democratic process, despite the fact that three retired army generals contested in the presidential poll.
	www.atimes.com /atimes/Southeast_Asia/FG28Ae06.html (1161 words)

	CNN - Indonesian Elections - Military holds trump card in Indonesian elections - June 1999
		It did nothing to endear Habibie to the omnipotent Indonesian military, which has always been wary of him and doubtful that he could lead the nation out of the morass of the post-Suharto era.
		Recently, a senior army officer believed to represent the strongest view within ABRI looked at the field of 48 parties and splinter groups competing in the June 1999 parliamentary elections and said the armed forces were convinced that civilian politicians are not up to running the country.
		Under the 32 years of Suharto's rule, during which Indonesia faced no real danger of external attack or invasion, ABRI focused almost entirely on suppressing whatever it deemed to be internal threats to the regime, whether it be critical media, opposition in parliament or dissent in the street.
	www.cnn.com /SPECIALS/1999/indonesian.elections/indonesia.military (1082 words)

	Indonesian Military Applauds Human Rights Acquittals (washingtonpost.com)
		JAKARTA, Indonesia -- The Indonesian armed forces have welcomed an appeals court decision overturning the convictions of four officers charged with human rights crimes in East Timor, calling the decision a vindication of their position that there was no military involvement in the 1999 killings.
		During the trials, Damiri was involved in running the military offensive in western Aceh province, where Indonesian combat troops are locked in a long, grinding campaign to suppress a separatist uprising.
		The Indonesian military maintains that involvement by soldiers and police in the violence is unproven.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-dyn/articles/A47269-2004Aug30.html (615 words)

	The View from a U.S. Chopper
		U.S. military officials have a difficult task ahead: lending a strong helping hand while treading lightly within the world's most populous Muslim nation, where deadly terrorist attacks against U.S. and other Western interests have occurred in recent years.
		But traumatized people on the streets of Banda Aceh and in the remote areas, who often try to storm the helicopters for aid upon touching down, are open about their support for the arrival of any assistance from outside the country.
		Their enthusiasm stems partly from desperation and partly from the distrust of the Indonesian military that still lingers after nearly three decades of separatist conflict.
	www.military.com /NewsContent/0,13319,FL_view_010605,00.html (841 words)

	BBC News \| ASIA-PACIFIC \| Indonesian military reformers promoted
		The Indonesian armed forces have announced a reshuffle of almost 50 senior and mid-ranking officers.
		The changes are expected to strengthen President Wahid's plans to reform the military and to weaken the influence of the former armed forces commander, General Wiranto.
		In another indication of the military's willingness to embrace reform, it announced last week that it was prepared to give up the 38 seats allocated to it in parliament.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/asia-pacific/659677.stm (309 words)

	ASIANOW - Indonesian military hints at troop deployment to Aceh - December 10, 1999
		JAKARTA, Indonesia -- The nation's powerful military issued a strong warning on Friday to separatists in Aceh province, as President Abdurrahman Wahid prepared to mediate between clashing Christians and Muslims.
		We are ready to drive out the military and the Indonesian government from Aceh," Ismail Sahputra, spokesman for the separatist Free Aceh movement, said.
		Wahid's army generals have recently warned that the sectarian conflict is evolving into a full-blown war, with both sides employing high-powered rifles instead of the homemade guns and spears used after the rioting first erupted in January.
	edition.cnn.com /1999/ASIANOW/southeast/12/10/indonesia.military (697 words)

	News: South Asia: Earthquake and Tsunami - Dec 2004, Indonesian military: No plans to scale back troops in Aceh, News: ...
		Jakarta (dpa) - Indonesian military officials said they have no plans to scale back the tens of thousands of troops still stationed in Aceh to fight a nearly three-decades old insurgency, despite government officials preparing to enter a fifth round of peace negotiations, local media reported Tuesday.
		A top Indonesian military general estimated that some 2,500 armed rebels remain in Aceh following a three-year military offensive aimed at crushing the insurgency in Aceh.
		Military authorities disclosed early this month that more than 3,700 GAM rebels have been killed since the most recent military offensive was launched in May 2003 on the northern end of Sumatra.
	www.reliefweb.int /rw/RWB.NSF/db900SID/VBOL-6DSB2D?OpenDocument (511 words)

	ISN Security Watch - US resumes Indonesian military assistance (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		With the congressional restrictions on military assistance for the TNI suddenly and surprisingly out of the way, the Bush administrationâs current budget request appears to be rapidly making up for lost time.
		Moreover, not a single Indonesian officer has been held accountable for the crimes against humanity committed in East Timor in 1999, not to mention the previous quarter-century of Indonesian military occupation that killed well over 100,000 East Timorese.
		The TNI remains largely unreformed, and the Bush administrationâs decision to substantially increase military ties with the Indonesian armed forces in spite of this fact perpetuates the cycle of impunity in Indonesia.
	www.isn.ethz.ch /news/sw/details.cfm?ID=16353 (1653 words)

	East Timor & Indonesia Action Network; East Timor Action Network (ETAN)
		From the Indonesian invasion of East Timor to the U.N. administration in East Timor
		East Timor chose independence in August 1999 and was soon destroyed by the Indonesian military.
		ETAN supports restrictions on military assistance to Indonesia in order to support democracy and justice in both countries.
	www.etan.org (597 words)

	Suspected in murders, Indonesian Army stalls inquiry \| csmonitor.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		While Indonesian police have implicated Kopassus in a string of human-rights crimes - from the disappearance and torture of democracy activists in 1998 to the 2001 assassination of Papuan independence leader Theys Eluay - efforts to prosecute soldiers largely have been dismissed as a whitewash by foreign governments.
		The office of the Indonesian military spokesman didn't return phone calls or respond to a fax requesting comment on allegations that the military was involved in the Freeport attack.
		For instance, the day after the Aug. 31 attack, the military produced the body of Danianus Waker, a Papuan man they said was a rebel who participated in the Freeport attack, and claimed had been killed in a shootout near the road where the killings took place.
	www.csmonitor.com /2002/1126/p01s04-woap.html (1518 words)

	US Eases Curbs on Ties with Indonesian Military (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		The United States restricted military aid to Indonesia more than a decade ago because of human rights concerns, and the Congress cut it off altogether in 1999 to protest the Indonesian army role in militia violence in East Timor.
		The phased restoration of military links began in January when the United States lifted a ban on sales of military spare parts for U.S.-made C-130 transport planes Indonesia was using for tsunami relief.
		In advance of the White House meeting, Indonesian human rights activists said in an open letter to President Bush that abuses by the Indonesian military continued in West Papua and Aceh, where separatists are fighting the government, and that officers behind East Timor killings had not been punished.
	www.voanews.com /english/2005-05-26-voa84.cfm (690 words)

	The U.S.-Indonesian Military Relationship - Council on Foreign Relations
		The United States for decades has supplied a variety of military assistance to Indonesia, a multi-ethnic archipelago of a country that is home to some 241 million people and, not incidentally, the world’s largest Muslim nation.
		In 1998, Indonesians took to the streets to oust their longtime strongman, Suharto, opening up a period of democratic reform.
		Congress has stated that these restrictions and limitations will only be lifted if the Indonesian government holds the TNI accountable for gross human rights violations committed in places like East Timor, if it tackles corruption in the army, and if it cooperates fully in the war on terror.
	www.cfr.org /publication/8964/usindonesian_military_relationship.html (1245 words)

	The Struggle for East Timor - US Aid
		Despite the UN's repeated calls for Indonesian forces to withdraw from East Timor -- and forceful condemnation of their conduct by human-rights groups -- the Indonesian military has enjoyed both the active and tacit support of the US government throughout its occupation of the tiny half-island.
		Particularly notable is the amount of military and economic aid given to Suharto's regime during the Carter administration.
		Indonesian military forces -- using American-supplied M-16 assault rifles -- fired on a crowd of peaceful Timorese demonstrators, killing as many as 271 of them by some estimates.
	motherjones.com /news/special_reports/east_timor/features/usaid.html (2079 words)

	No ties with the Indonesian military (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-17)
		Numerous reports have documented the involvement of the Indonesian military in illegal activities including illegal logging, rigged construction projects and theft of aid and human rights abuses.
		"The Indonesian military also receive only 30% of their budget from the government and must raise the other 70% themselves, it should be realised that such an institution is open to corruption.
		AWPA believes that the "renewal of military ties would be a blow to the democratic transition in Indonesia.
	www.news.vu /en/news/RegionalNews/060317-No-ties-with-the-Indonesian-military.shtml (562 words)

	The Indonesian Military and Ongoing Abuses (Human Rights Watch Backgrounder, New York, July, 2002)
		The territorial command structure, the architecture of the military's domestic security role that posts soldiers all the way down to the village level, has only been strengthened, with new regional commands created in Aceh and Maluku.
		The military has thumbed its nose at civilian control by ignoring summons by the National Human Rights Commission investigating the 1998 killings of students.
		President Megawati is expected to renew those instructions in August 2002, and some within the military have been pushing for greater authority enshrined in law or a declaration of martial law.
	www.hrw.org /backgrounder/asia/indo-bck0702.htm (1476 words)

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