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Topic: Industrial Revolution

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	Industrial Revolution - MSN Encarta
		The Industrial Revolution was a period in the late 18th and early 19th centuries when major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, and transportation had a profound effect on...
		Industrial Revolution, widespread replacement of manual labor by machines that began in Britain in the 18th century and is still continuing in some parts of the world.
		In the 20th century industrialization on a wide scale extended to parts of Asia and the Pacific Rim.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761577952/Industrial_Revolution.html (1411 words)

	Industrial Revolution - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The causes of the Industrial Revolution were complex and remained a topic for debate, with some historians seeing the Revolution as an outgrowth of social and institutional changes brought by the end of feudalism in Britain after the English Civil War in the 17th century.
		The major change in the metal industries during the era of the Industrial Revolution was the replacement of organic fuels based on wood with fossil fuel based on coal.
		This "second" Industrial Revolution gradually grew to include the chemical industries, petroleum refining and distribution, electrical industries, and, in the twentieth century, the automotive industries, and was marked by a transition of technological leadership from Britain to the United States and Germany.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Industrial_Revolution (8038 words)

	Second Industrial Revolution - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The second industrial revolution is also called the second phase of the Industrial Revolution, since from a technological and a social point of view there is no clean break between the two.
		This period, akin to the First Industrial Revolution was marked by a significant number of transient urban workers engaged in industrial labour (or the pursuit thereof), relatively common unemployment, low wages, and common prostitution due to the lack of other means of income.
		The end of the second industrial revolution or second phase of the industrial revolution has not been properly defined, since it would mean that the beginning of the third phase of the industrial revolution would also have to be considered.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Second_Industrial_Revolution (1164 words)

	The Industrial Revolution of the Eighteenth Century
		What drove the industrial revolution were profound social changes, as Europe moved from a primarily agricultural and rural economy to a capitalist and urban economy, from a household, family-based economy to an industry-based economy.
		Another reason given for the Industrial Revolution is the substantial increase in the population of Europe; this is such an old chestnut of historians that we don't question it.
		Along with the growth in the cotton industry, the steel industry began to grow by leaps and bounds.
	www.wsu.edu /~dee/ENLIGHT/INDUSTRY.HTM (1738 words)

	HighBeam Encyclopedia - Industrial Revolution (Site not responding. Last check: )
		INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION [Industrial Revolution] term usually applied to the social and economic changes that mark the transition from a stable agricultural and commercial society to a modern industrial society relying on complex machinery rather than tools.
		The crucial development of the Industrial Revolution was the use of steam for power, and the greatly improved engine (1769) of James Watt marked the high point in this development.
		The Industrial Revolution was introduced by Europeans into Asia, and the last years of the 19th and the early years of the 20th cent.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/i/industr1.asp (1083 words)

	The Industrial Revolution: A Teaching Challenge \| Peter Stearns \| OAH Magazine of History
		The reason, apparently, was his sense that the industrial revolution did not easily fit the standard skein of modern history, based as he saw it on regimes, revolutions, and wars.
		Industrial revolutions all share certain features, and determining what these are, amid a welter of national or regional specifics, is a useful definitional exercise.
		Teaching the industrial revolution can rest on a simple premise: here is one of only two fundamental transformations of human existence that the species has ever experienced (the other being the Neolithic revolution that brought agriculture).
	www.oah.org /pubs/magazine/industrial/stearns.html (1935 words)

	Industrial Revolution. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		The crucial development of the Industrial Revolution was the use of steam for power, and the greatly improved engine (1769) of James Watt marked the high point in this development.
		The railroad and improved transportation preceded the introduction of the revolution into Germany, which is conventionally said to have accompanied the formation of the Zollverein; industrial Germany was created after 1850.
		The Industrial Revolution was introduced by Europeans into Asia, and the last years of the 19th and the early years of the 20th cent.
	www.bartleby.com /65/in/IndustR.html (1007 words)

	The NEXT Industrial Revolution
		It was the epitome of its industrial age—a potent representation of technology, prosperity, luxury, and progress.
		During the Industrial Revolution resources seemed inexhaustible and nature was viewed as something to be tamed and civilized.
		"Industries and industrial operations should be encouraged that are more efficient in terms of resource use, that generate less pollution and waste, that are based on the use of renewable rather than non-renewable resources, and that minimize irreversible adverse impacts on human health and the environment," the commission stated in its agenda for change.
	www.theatlantic.com /issues/98oct/industry.htm (1234 words)

	Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis - The Region - 2003 Annual Report Essay - The Industrial Revolution: Past and Future (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The course of the industrial revolution, our term for the transition from stable to accelerating growth, is illustrated in Figure 2, which plots total world population and production from the year 1000 up to the present.
		The industrial revolution has begun to diffuse to the non-European world, and this, of course, is the main reason that postwar growth rates for the world as a whole have attained such unprecedented levels.
		That is, the industrial revolution is invariably associated with the reduction in fertility known as the demographic transition.
	www.minneapolisfed.org /pubs/region/04-05/essay.cfm (6378 words)

	Lecture 17: The Origins of the Industrial Revolution in England
		We live in the legacy of the Industrial Revolution, the legacy of the "cash nexus," as the mid-19th century Scottish critic Thomas Carlyle (1795-1881) put it, where the only connection between men is the one of money, profit and gain.
		The origins of the Industrial Revolution in England are complex and varied and, like the French Revolution, the Industrial Revolution is still a subject of a vast historical debate over origins, developments, growth and end results.
		Although the industrial revolution was clearly an unplanned and spontaneous event, it never would have been "made" had there not been men who wanted such a thing to occur.
	www.historyguide.org /intellect/lecture17a.html (2881 words)

	Industrial Revolution and the Standard of Living, by Clark Nardinelli: The Concise Encyclopedia of Economics: Library ...
		The industrial revolution, as the transformation came to be called, caused a sustained rise in real income per person in England and, as its effects spread, the rest of the Western world.
		Historians agree that the industrial revolution was one of the most important events in history, marking the rapid transition to the modern age, but they disagree vehemently about various aspects of the event.
		For example, the industrial revolution had a positive effect on real income, but its positive effect may well have been offset by the negative effect of frequent wars (the American Revolution, the Napoleonic wars, the War of 1812).
	www.econlib.org /library/Enc/IndustrialRevolutionandtheStandardofLiving.html (1840 words)

	Industrial Revolution: 11 to 14 years
		Industrial Revolution Sourcework: Designed to help lower ability and special educational needs pupils access sources and concepts related to the Industrial Revolution, the online lesson from School History guides pupils through a basic overview of the Industrial Revolution.
		Women in the Industrial Revolution: The Industrial Revolution in part was fueled by the economic necessity of many women, single and married, to find waged work outside their home.
		The Industrial Revolution: From boiling a kettle to working in an office, much of the modern world is shaped by the achievements of the Industrial Revolution.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /REVhistoryIR2.htm (3836 words)

	The Industrial Revolution of the Eighteenth Century
		What drove the industrial revolution were profound social changes, as Europe moved from a primarily agricultural and rural economy to a capitalist and urban economy, from a household, family-based economy to an industry-based economy.
		Another reason given for the Industrial Revolution is the substantial increase in the population of Europe; this is such an old chestnut of historians that we don't question it.
		So whether the Industrial Revolution was started off by a rise in population, or whether the Industrial Revolution started a rise in population is hard to guess.
	www.wsu.edu:8080 /~dee/ENLIGHT/INDUSTRY.HTM (1738 words)

	Planning the Software Industrial Revolution
		The possibility of a software industrial revolution, in which programmers stop coding everything from scratch and begin assembling applications from well-stocked catalogs of reusable software components, is an enduring dream that continues to elude our grasp.
		Revolutions happen so slowly, and often displace one group by another, because of value rigidity, the inability to relax the pursuit of an older good to gain a newer one.
		Mature industries like plumbing are less complex than ours, not because software is intrinsically more complicated, but because they -- and not we -have solved their complexity, nonconformity, and changeability problems by using a producer/consumer hierarchy to distribute these problems across time and organizational space.
	virtualschool.edu /cox/pub/PSIR (6207 words)

	[No title]
		Lectures on The Industrial Revolution in England by Arnold Toynbee 1884 I Introductory The subject of these lectures is the industrial and Agrarian Revolution at the end of the eighteenth and beginning of the nineteenth centuries.
		An important feature in the industrial organisation of the time was the existence of a number of small master-manufacturers, who were entirely independent, having capital and land of their own, for they combined the culture of small freehold pasture-farms with their handicraft.
		For the whole inner life of industry was, as we have seen, entirely different from what it now is. The relation between the workmen and their employers was much closer, so that in many industries they were not two classes but one.
	socserv2.socsci.mcmaster.ca /~econ/ugcm/3ll3/toynbee/indrev (19552 words)

	81.02.06: The Industrial Revolution
		The era known as the Industrial Revolution was a period in which fundamental changes occurred in agriculture, textile and metal manufacture, transportation, economic policies and the social structure in England.
		A strategy which may be employed to promote the students’ understanding of the changes that have occurred in agriculture during the period of this unit, and from this period to today’s modern farms, is to start with the present and work back in time to the period we are studying.
		Changes in the textile industry were already occurring in the early 1700s; however, these changes were not easily accepted as evidenced by the workers’ riots which broke out in response to these new machines.
	www.yale.edu /ynhti/curriculum/units/1981/2/81.02.06.x.html (5289 words)

	The Industrial Revolution - Causes (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The cottage industry proved to be profitable for the urban merchants, since they could sell the finished cloth for far more than they paid the famers to make it.
		The cottage industry helped to prepare the country for the Industrial Revolution by boosting the English economy through the increase of trade that occured as the country became well-known overseas for its high-quality and low-cost exports.
		However, many farming families came to depend on the enterprise; thus, when industrialization and the Agricultural Revolution reduced the need for farm workers, many were forced to leave their homes and move to the city.
	industrialrevolution.sea.ca /causes.html (1449 words)

	The Industrial Revolution - Impact
		There were many artistic movements during the period of Britain's industrialization, each of which was a reaction to the feelings of the time, as well as to the movement which had preceded it.
		By the time that the Industrial Revolution really took hold, some artists were at differences with the ideals which it espoused, such as those of discipline, temperance, structure, and views of the Enlightenment.
		Describing this industrialization as a revolution is apt - despite the longer timeframe involved, the social consequences and economic changes that the world has faced because of industrialization easily equate the political effects that any of the European revolutions had.
	industrialrevolution.sea.ca /impact.html (3415 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Industrial Revolution (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Industrial Revolution INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION [Industrial Revolution] term usually applied to the social and economic changes that mark the transition from a stable agricultural and commercial society to a modern industrial society relying on complex machinery rather than tools.
		Russian Revolution RUSSIAN REVOLUTION [Russian Revolution] violent upheaval in Russia in 1917 that overthrew the czarist government.
		Causes The revolution was the culmination of a long period of repression and unrest.
	www.encyclopedia.com /articles/06349.html (445 words)

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	www.industrialrevolution.net /privacy-policy.php (413 words)

	The Industrial Revolution - Features on thehistorychannel.co.uk
		The Industrial Revolution of the 18th and 19th Centuries was the most influential transformation of culture and working patterns since the advent of agriculture around ten thousand years before.
		It is impossible to accurately identify the beginnings of the Industrial Revolution, but consensus suggests that it began in England when a series of eighteenth century technological innovations forced communities out of their traditional working patterns.
		The Industrial Revolution also provided the economic base for the rise of the professions, population expansion, and improvement in living standards.
	www.thehistorychannel.co.uk /site/features/the_industrial_revolution.php (1096 words)

	Industrial Revolution
		Industrial Revolution, term usually applied to the social and economic changes that mark the transition from a stable agricultural and commercial society to a modern industrial society relying on complex machinery rather than tools.
		Industrial Revolution: Nature of the Industrial Revolution - Nature of the Industrial Revolution There has been much objection to the term because the word...
		Industrial Revolution: The Industrial Revolution in Great Britain - The Industrial Revolution in Great Britain The ground was prepared by the voyages of discovery from...
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/history/A0825167.html (153 words)

	The Open Door Web Site : History : The Industrial Revolution : Introduction
		The transition from a world of artisan manufacture to a factory system, and all its attendant benefits with which we are familiar, is known as the Industrial Revolution.
		Britain was, in fact, already beginning to develop a manufacturing industry during the early years of the early 18th century, but it was from the 1730's that its growth accelerated.
		As well as a revolution in industry, this period saw many changes and improvements in agricultural practice.
	www.saburchill.com /history/chapters/IR/001.html (227 words)

	The Industrial Revolution
		The Industrial Revolution may be defined as the application of power-driven machinery to manufacturing.
		By 1700 in England, and by 1750 in France, the tendency of the state and the guilds to resist industrialization was weakening.
		First, industrialization called for the concentration of a work force; and indeed, the factories themselves were often located where coal or some other essential material was available, as the Ruhr in Germany and Lille in northern France.
	mars.wnec.edu /~grempel/courses/wc2/lectures/industrialrev.html (2772 words)

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