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Topic: Inguinal ligament

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	CHAPTER 25: ABDOMINAL WALLS
		The inguinal ligament is in the groin and extends from the anterior superior iliac spine to the pubic tubercle.
		The inguinal triangle is formed by the inferior epigastric vessels (superolaterally), the lateral border of the rectus (medially), and the inguinal ligament (inferolaterally) (fig.
		25-7 The inguinal triangle is bounded by the inferior epigastric artery, the lateral border of the rectus, and the inguinal ligament.
	www.dartmouth.edu /~humananatomy/part_5/chapter_25.html (3417 words)

	The Abdominal Wall
		At the medial end of the inguinal ligament, fibres are reflected backwards to insert into the superior ramus of the pubis, forming the lacunar ligament.
		The inguinal canal transmits the vas deferens in the male and the round ligament in the female.
		The vas deferens, testicular artery and veins, lymph vessels, autonomic nerves, cremasteric artery, artery of the vas and the genital branch of the femoral nerve are covered by three layers of fascia derived from the abdominal wall.
	www.med.mun.ca /anatomyts/digest/abwall.htm (1239 words)

	Med-Lib - Medical Online Library - English Articles - Oxford Textbook of Surgery - Inguinal hernias
		The normal contents of the inguinal canal are, in the male, the spermatic cord and the ilioinguinal nerve; in the female they are the round ligament and the ilioinguinal nerve.
		The internal ring is bordered inferiorly by the inguinal ligament, medially by the inferior epigastric vessels, and superiorly and laterally by internal oblique and transversus abdominis.
		The posterior wall of the inguinal canal may be repaired by approximation of the transversus abdominis aponeurotic arch either to the inguinal ligament (the Bassini technique, which has many variants) or to the iliopubic tract/Cooper's ligament (the McVay method).
	med-lib.ru /english/oxford/ing_hern.shtml (2466 words)

	Femoral triangle inguinal ligament by Donal.Shanahan@ncl.ac.uk (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The inguinal ligament is the upturning of the aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle, attaching from the anterior superior iliac spine to the pubic tubercle.
		This ligament which forms the floor of the inguinal canal and the base of the femoral triangle presents 2 notable points:
		Midpoint of inguinal ligament - halfway between the anterior superior iliac spine and the pubic tubercle - the deep ring of the inguinal canal lies superior to the inguinal ligament at this point.
	anatome.ncl.ac.uk /tutorials/femoral/text/inguinal.html (130 words)

	Inguinal Ligament (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		A ligament is a tough band of white, fibrous, rather elastic tissue.
		Ligaments support many internal organs; including the uterus, the bladder, the liver, and the diaphragm.
		The "inguinal ligament" supports the region around the groin (between the abdomen and the thigh), preventing an inguinal hernia, or protrusion of part of the intestine into the muscles of the groin.
	www.innerbody.com /text/ligm03.html (59 words)

	[No title]
		Titolo: Antonio Guarnieri The Inguinal Hernia and The Physiological Hernioplasty
		At its inferior-external border the mesh is sutured to the vascular sheath and to the inguinal ligament.
		It is sufficient to suture the inguinal ligament to the pectineal fascia.
	web.tiscali.it /a_guarnieri/EN/HERNIA.htm (15441 words)

	Anterior Body Wall
		The inguinal ligament is formed from the inferior border of the aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle as it extends between anterior superior iliac spine and the pubic tubercle.
		The lateral third of this ligament is attached to a band of iliac fascia which is continuous with the fascia lata of the thigh.
		Superficial inguinal ring-triangular aperture in the inguinal ligament for the passage of the spermatic cord in the male and the round ligament in the female and the ilioinguinal nerve in both sexes
	wings.buffalo.edu /smbs/ana/newpage32.htm (2067 words)

	Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body. Page 418
		In the inguinal region, the transversalis fascia is thick and dense in structure and is joined by fibers from the aponeurosis of the Transversus, but it becomes thin as it ascends to the diaphragm, and blends with the fascia covering the under surface of this muscle.
		Medial to the femoral vessels it is thin and attached to the pubis and pectineal line, behind the inguinal aponeurotic falx, with which it is united; it descends in front of the femoral vessels to form the anterior wall of the femoral sheath.
		It transmits the spermatic cord in the male and the round ligament of the uterus in the female.
	www.bartleby.com /107/pages/page418.html (643 words)

	Inguinal ligament - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The inguinal ligament is a band running from the pubic tubercle to the anterior superior iliac spine.
		It forms the base of the inguinal canal which is the place from where the inguinal hernia develops.
		The inguinal ligament runs from the anterior superior iliac spine of the illium to the pubic tubercle of the pubic bone.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Inguinal_ligament (154 words)

	Anatomy Tables - Inguinal Region
		medial umbilical ligament is the obliterated umbilical a.
		median umbilical ligament is the remnant of the urachus
		An indirect (congenital) inguinal hernia is the most common type, leaves the abdominal cavity lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels and enters the deep inguinal ring, enters a hernial sac formed by a persistent processus vaginalis, goes through the entire inguinal canal, exits through the superficial inguinal ring and commonly enters the scrotum.
	www.med.umich.edu /lrc/coursepages/M1/anatomy/html/abdomen/inguinal_tables.html (1994 words)

	[No title]
		The median umbilical ligament passes from the deep aspect of umbilicus vertically to the apex of the urinary bladder.
		The derivative of the gubernaculum in the adult is the scrotal ligament.
		Between the layers of the dorsal mesentery, it contacts the posterior wall of the stomach and is attached to the greater curvature of the stomach by the gastrosplenic ligament and to the left kidney by the splenorenal ligament.
	umed.med.utah.edu /MS1/anatomy/study/ftp/abdo_def.doc (6395 words)

	Surgical Care at the District Hospital
		In female patients, the procedure is different because the content of the inguinal canal is the round ligament rather than the spermatic cord.
		The aim of the operation is to reduce the hernia, ligate the sac and repair the defect in the posterior inguinal canal.
		Insert stitches through the inguinal ligament at different fibre levels, as the fibres tend to split along the line of the ligament.
	www.steinergraphics.com /surgical/003_08.2.html (1022 words)

	The Lower Trunk
		is attached inferiorly to the iliac crest, anterior superior iliac spine, inguinal ligament, pubic tubercle, pubic crest, and pubic symphysis.
		The roof of the inguinal canal is formed by the arching fibers of the internal oblique and transversus abdominis running from the lateral 1/2 of the inguinal ligament to the conjoint tendon or inguinal falx (Clemente 181; Grant p.
		The suspensory ligament or infundibulopelvic ligament is a fold of peritoneum connecting the ovary and the end of uterine tube to the side wall of the pelvis (Clemente plate 261 fig.
	web.indstate.edu /thcme/duong/Ltrunk.html (13131 words)

	Landes Bioscience Hand Book Categories
		Superficial groin dissection: The superior skin flap is raised and the nodal tissue overlying the external oblique aponeurosis and inferior to the inguinal ligament is resected.
		Exposure for the deep dissection can be gained either by transecting the inguinal ligament as it crosses the femoral canal or by retracting the superior skin flap and making an incision through the abdominal wall superior and parallel to the inguinal ligament.
		The peritoneum is retracted medially and the retroperitoneal node-bearing tissue is resected from the femoral ring (inferiorly), bladder (medially), genitofemoral nerve (laterally), and aortic bifurcation (superiorly).
	www.landesbioscience.com /nwsurgery/so/Inguinal-lymp.html (727 words)

	Anatomy: The Abdomen
		The femoral vessels and the inguinal canal are both related to the inguinal ligament.
		Fundiform Ligament: The false suspensory ligament of the penis or clitoris.
		Passes deep to the inguinal ligament and attaches to the lesser trochanter of the femur.
	www.geocities.com /doctor_uae/abdomen.htm (8020 words)

	Welcome to SOTO-USA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The external oblique muscles are thought to aid in the stability of the sacroiliac joint and the aponeurosis forms the inguinal ligaments.
		This study utilized these concepts by challenging the inguinal ligaments to the point of pain by using a pressure algometer before and after the application of a SIJ belt.
		The hypothesis is that the pain pressure threshold along the inguinal ligament will be increased and become more symmetrical along portions of the ligament after the application of a pelvic belt as compared to those who do not wear a pelvic belt.
	www.soto-usa.org /SOTLiterature/PeerReviewed/ThompsonJCE2004.htm (552 words)

	Inguinal Region and Testis
		Notice that the lower margin of the external oblique forms the inguinal ligament IL.
		The deep inguinal ring is nothing more than a thickening of the transversalis fascia at the point where the structures that make up the spermatic cord converge.
		Medially, some of the fibers of the inguinal ligament curve under the spermatic cord and fasten into the pectineal line of the pubis, this is the lacunar ligament which forms part of the floor of the inguinal canal.
	mywebpages.comcast.net /wnor/inguinalregion.htm (1088 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The medial inguinal fossa is the space on the inner abdominal wall between the medial umbilical fold and the lateral umbilical fold.
		A superficial inguinal lymph node lies in the superficial fascia, parallel to the inguinal ligament.
		It is defined medially by the lateral border of rectus abdominus, inferiorly by the inguinal ligament, and superiorly by the inferior epigastric artery.
	www-personal.umich.edu /~benwei/cgi-data/shared/linked/Abs(PQ).doc (4614 words)

	Hernia - New Treatments, May 2, 2006
		Femoral Canal: Formed by the borders of the inguinal ligament, lacunar ligament, Cooper's ligament, and femoral sheath.
		Inguinal hernias are distinguished from femoral hernias by the fact that femoral hernias originate below the inguinal ligament.
		Inguinal adenopathy, lipomas, dilatation of the saphenous vein, and psoas abscesses may present as inguinal masses.
	www.ccspublishing.com /journals2a/hernia.htm (459 words)

	Inguinal Hernia Repair in German Military Hospitals Military Medicine - Find Articles
		The inguinal hernia repair continues to be the most common operation in general surgery.
		The transversalis fascia is divided parallel to the inguinal ligament and a double layer of transversalis fascia is sutured to the inguinal ligament using continuous suture lines.
		As a result, the defect is repaired and the inguinal ring is reconstructed using four layers of low-tension suturing.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3912/is_200412/ai_n9473036 (784 words)

	Surgical Management of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Penis
		The dissection is carried superiorly to approximately 2-cm cephalad to the inguinal ligament where it is carried down to the fascia of the external oblique muscle (fig.
		This dissection is extended above the inguinal ligament 2-cm, and the limits of the standard dissection, as outlined in figure 4, are utilized.
		The femoral sheath is opened from the inguinal ligament to the apex of the femoral triangle.
	www.duj.com /Article/Lynch/Lynch.html (4414 words)

	eMedicine - Hernias : Article Excerpt by: David Manthey, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The canal courses down along the inguinal ligament to the external ring; located medial to the inferior epigastric arteries, subcutaneously and slightly above the pubic tubercle.
		A direct inguinal hernia usually occurs due to a defect or weakness in the traversalis area of the Hesselbach triangle.
		The triangle is defined inferiorly by the inguinal ligament, laterally by the inferior epigastric arteries, and medially by the conjoined tendon.
	www.emedicine.com /emerg/byname/hernias.htm (570 words)

	Inguinal canal - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The inguinal canal is a passage in the anterior abdominal wall which in men conveys the spermatic cord and in woman the round ligament.
		During development in men the testes descend from their starting point near the kidneys down the abdomen and through the inguinal canal to reach the scrotum.
		In men, an inguinal hernia may occur, in which abdominal contents (usually the intestine) push through the canal's opening.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Inguinal_canal (206 words)

	Femoral hernias
		Whereas inguinal hernias are almost entirely a male disease, the sex incidence of femoral hernias is more nearly equal, with femoral hernias only marginally more common in men than in women in most communities.
		Anteriorly, it is bounded by the inguinal ligament, and posteriorly by the pectineal ligament (Cooper's ligament) which is a thickened part of the pectineal fascia, and overlies the pectineal ridge of the pubic bone.
		C, the inguinal ligament being stitched to the pectineal ligament (Cooper's ligament).
	www.meb.uni-bonn.de /dtc/primsurg/docbook/html/x4495.html (1056 words)

	OTA 97 Posters
		In the commonest abnormality, the nerve passes between the fibers of the lateral end of the inguinal ligament (Edelson and Nathan, 1977); tension on the ligament closes the slit-like opening and compresses the nerve.
		Alternatively, the nerve may be absent, being replaced by a branch from the femoral nerve arising below the inguinal ligament, or from the ilio-inguinal nerve (Sunderland, 1978).
		It relaxes the attachment of the inguinal ligament and the sartorius muscle, both potent structures in producing a compression of the nerve where it enters the thigh.
	www.hwbf.org /ota/am/ota97/otapo/OTP97045.htm (799 words)

	Ligament - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Capsular ligaments are part of the articular capsule that surrounds synovial joints.
		For example, the hepatoduodenal ligament is the peritoneum that surrounds the hepatic portal vein and other vessels as they travel from the duodenum to the liver.
		The broad ligament of the uterus is also a fold of peritoneum.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ligament (414 words)

	Carnivore Anatomy Lab 8 Introduction
		The terms inguinal canal and inguinal ligament refer to defined entities rather than a distinct physical canal or ligament.
		The inguinal canal is just gaps in each of two adjacent layers of body wall, through which structures pass from inside to outside the abdomen.
		The inguinal ligament is the caudal edge of the aponeurosis of the external abdominal oblique m., but it is not particularly thickened in the carnivore.
	vanat.cvm.umn.edu /carnLabs/Lab08/Lab08.html (412 words)

	Endoscopic bypass grafting method utilizing an inguinal approach - Patent 6401721
		For instance, it is possible that left common femoral artery 30 and left inguinal ligament 29 could be exposed via a surgical incision similar to that of incision 17 as hereinbefore described.
		An additional laparoscope could be inserted into human body 10 through the opening defined between left common femoral artery 30 and left inguinal ligament 29 in a manner substantially similar to that hereinbefore described with respect to the insertion of laparoscope 37 into human body 10.
		Thereafter, a stent could be: placed, in an expanded configuration, adjacent each of the end portions of the graft within blood vessel 11 in order to secure such end portions of the graft to blood vessel 11 as hereinbefore described with respect to stent 90 and end portion 62 of graft 60.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6401721.html (7134 words)

	Inguinal hernia
		The inguinal ligament is a tight band located between the thigh and the stomach and there are several weak spots along it.
		An indirect inguinal hernia is located in the inguinal canal.
		The discomfort from direct and indirect inguinal hernia may be improved by a truss.
	www.netdoctor.co.uk /diseases/facts/groinhernia.htm (810 words)

	The Physician and Sportsmedicine: The 'Sports Hernia'
		The inguinal canal, which carries the spermatic cord in males and the round ligament in females, is a passage about 4 cm long that runs obliquely downward and medially parallel to and just above the inguinal ligament (figure 1).
		Gilmore (4) describes a disruption to the groin characterized by three surgical findings: (1) a torn external oblique aponeurosis causing dilatation of the superficial inguinal ring; (2) a torn conjoined tendon; and (3) a dehiscence between the torn conjoined tendon and the inguinal ligament, constituting the major injury.
		Gilmore (4), however, describes a modified herniorrhaphy with plication of the transversalis fascia and emphasizes the importance of a repair of the conjoined tendon, with reattachment to the pubic tubercle and inguinal ligament.
	www.physsportsmed.com /issues/1998/01jan/batt.htm (2504 words)

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