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	Chloroplast membrane - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Each membrane is a phospholipid bilayer, between 6 and 8 nm thick, and the two are separated by a gap of 10-20nm, called the intermembrane space.
		The outer membrane is permiable to most ions and metabolites, but the inner membrane is highly specialised with transport proteins.
		Within the inner membrane, in the region called the stroma, there is a system of interconecting flattened membrane compartments, called the lamellae, or thylakoids.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Chloroplast_membrane (220 words)

	Mitochondria 3
		The machinery in the outer membrane is called the Tom complex (Translocator outer membrane) and that for the inner membrane is called the Tim complex (Translocator Inner Membrane).
		Some mitochondrial proteins destined for the inner membrane have a cleavable presequence followed by one or more hydrophobic membrane-spanning segments that function as stop-transfer sequences in the IM or, serve to insert the polypeptide into the IM after it gets in the matrix.
		Tim23 is one of the inner membrane translocator proteins.
	cellbio.utmb.edu /cellbio/mitoch3.htm (1769 words)

	Lipids in the inner membrane of dormant spores of Bacillus species are largely immobile -- Cowan et al. 101 (20): 7733 ...
		the relative immobility of lipids in the inner membrane of germinated
		mobility to the lipids in the inner leaflet of the inner membrane.
		the increased lipid mobility in the germinated spore's inner
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/101/20/7733 (4391 words)

	MEMBRANES
		Membranes separate and maintain the chemical environments of the two sides of the membrane.
		The beta-subunit is a glycoprotein, with the carbohydrate on the external surface of the membrane.
		The receptor-insulin complex migrates to a region of the plasma membrane with the protein clathrin coating its inner surface.
	www-medlib.med.utah.edu /NetBiochem/membrane.htm (2845 words)

	LolA-dependent Release of a Lipid-modified Protein from the Inner Membrane of Escherichia coli Requires Nucleoside ...
		The outer membrane-directed lipoproteins are released from the inner membrane of Escherichia coli as a complex with LolA,
		A periplasmic chaperone, LolA (7), mediates the release of the outer membrane-directed lipoproteins from the inner membrane
		lipoproteins from the inner to the outer membrane, i.e.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/273/49/32576 (4405 words)

	MsbA-dependent Translocation of Lipids across the Inner Membrane of Escherichia coli -- Doerrler et al. 279 (43): 45102 ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		Enzymatic modification of lipid A on the periplasmic or cytoplasmic surfaces of the inner membrane.
		A and B, outer and inner membrane marker enzymes, phospholipase A (red x), and NADH oxidase (blue squares), respectively, and protein (fl circles) are expressed as the percent of the total, as described in the legend to Fig.
		to the periplasmic surface of the inner membrane (Fig.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/279/43/45102 (4895 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		The inner membrane is thrown into a series of shelf-like folds, the cristae.
		The inner membrane separates the inner compartment from the outer compartment of the mitochondria.
		The outer membrane of the mitochondria represents the derivative of the vacuolar membrane; the inner membrane is the equivalent of the original bacterial cell membrane, complete with membranal folds that are the equivalent of the cristae.
	campus.northpark.edu /biology/cell/mitochondria.html (266 words)

	The extractibility of inner-membrane proteins from Salmonella (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		This difference between spheroplasts and inner-membrane fragments may be due to the orientation of the inner- membrane in spheroplasts (right side out) and inner-membrane fragments (in-side out as well as right side out), and to the presence of peripheral proteins attached to cytoplasmic membrane in spheroplasts.
		he solubilization of the membrane proteins is one of the most important steps in protein purification in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells and still represents a major challenge in membrane proteins investigations [1, 2].
		After removal of the outer membrane and most parts of the cell wall in the process of spheroplast preparation, the effect of detergents on cytochrome solubilization was detectable.
	ibj.pasteur.ac.ir /ibj14/Minai.htm (2461 words)

	Apoptosis
		Often inner membrane depolarization follows cytochrome c release and the potential can be restored in permeabilized cells by adding exogenous cytochrome c.
		Eventually, inner membrane depolarization does occur, but this may be the result of degredative pathways that lead to cellular fragmentation.
		Thus, changes in the inner membrane may be secondary or subsequent to changes in the outer membrane (unless the event initiating the apoptotic process specifically targeted components of the inner membrane/matrix).
	www.life.umd.edu /VDAC/apoptosis.htm (554 words)

	Bacterial Flagellum
		Its heart is a 15,000 revolutions per minute, reversible rotary motor powered by the proton-motive gradient across the cell's inner membrane.
		A drive shaft, held by a bushing in the outer membrane, transmits torque across the cell's envelope.
		Attached to the drive shaft, a universal joint enables the motor to drive the propeller, even when the drive shaft and propeller are not co-linear.
	www.iscid.org /encyclopedia/Bacterial_Flagellum (211 words)

	Mitochondrial Substructure
		This creates a gradient across the inner membrane with a higher concentration of Hydrogen ions in the intercristae space (this is the space between the inner and outer membranes).
		Structure and function of the inner membrane and elementary particles.
		This reflects the orientation of cytochrome C. It is found in space inbetween cristae membranes which suggests it is next to the outer leaflet of the cristae membrane, rather than the inner leaflet (opposite to that of the elementary particles, or ATP synthetase).
	cellbio.utmb.edu /cellbio/mitochondria_1.htm (1851 words)

	The preprotein conducting channel at the inner envelope membrane of plastids -- Heins et al. 21 (11): 2616 -- The EMBO ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		Kouranov A, Chen X, Fuks B and Schnell DJ (1998) Tic20 and Tic22 are new components of the protein import apparatus at the chloroplast inner envelope membrane.
		Lohret TA, Jensen RE and Kinally KW (1997) Tim23, a protein import component of the mitochondrial inner membrane, is required for normal activity of the multiple conductance channel, MCC.
		Mehrle A (2001) Electrophysiological and biochemical characterisation of recombinant and native channel-proteins of the inner envelope membrane of chloroplasts and the cyanobacterium Synechocystis.
	embojournal.npgjournals.com /cgi/content/full/21/11/2616 (6634 words)

	Bio52 Lecture 12 Feb 4. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		Nucleus is surrounded by a double membrane (inner and outer), which are distinct but continuous.
		Outer nuclear membrane also continuous with ER; perinuclear space (between inner and outer nuclear membranes) continuous with ER lumen (Fig.
		After initial insertion into both membranes, transporters of inner and outer membranes become uncoupled; transport across outer membrane completed, transport across inner membrane arrested.
	www.unc.edu /gform-links/courses/pre2000fall/biol052/lectures/lecture12.html (446 words)

	Davis Biology 220 Spring 1998
		Between the outer and inner membrane is the inter membrane space.
		Nuclear membranes act as barriers that prevent the free passage of molecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.
		The outer nuclear membrane is continuous with the ER so the space between the inner and outer membrane is directly connected with the lumen of the ER.
	bioweb.wku.edu /courses/Biol220/DavisLecture13.html (1234 words)

	[No title]
		These proteins may be imported initially via the TOM complex, but their transport across or into the inner membrane is achieved by two independent systems, each with a different subset of targeted proteins.
		Another group of inner membrane proteins is directly targeted to the inner membrane in a pathway requiring intermembrane protein complexes as well as the integral inner membrane Tim22 complex.
		The isolated complex of the translocase of the outer membrane of mitochondria: characterization of the cation-selective and voltage-gated preprotein-conducting pore.
	www.tcdb.org /tcdb/tcfamilybrowse.php?tcname=3.A.8 (1366 words)

	CERI: Sidebar: Mitochondrial Function (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		The inner and outer membranes are fairly close together.
		The inner membrane contains the proteins and enzymes of the electron transport chain (Complexes I-V) which are responsible for oxidative phosphorylation (the generation of ATP from oxygen).
		In more detail, NADH electrons (donated to Complex I) are combined with atmospheric oxygen (provided to Complex IV) to pump protons (H+) from the mitochondrial matrix across the inner membrane into the inter-membrane space.
	www.ceri.com /mitobox.htm (545 words)

	Topological characterization of an inner membrane (1->3)-{beta}-D-glucan (curdlan) synthase from Agrobacterium sp. ...
		Topological characterization of an inner membrane (1->3)-{beta}-D-glucan (curdlan) synthase from Agrobacterium sp.
		Fractions (0.5 ml) containing the outer and inner membranes were identified from the distribution of the outer-membrane component KDO (triangles) and the inner-membrane NOX activity (squares).
		Barny, M.-A., Schoonejans, E., Economou, A., Johnston, A.W.B., and Downie, J.A. (1996) The C-terminal domain of the Rhizobium leguminosarum chitin synthase NodC is important for function and determines the orientation of the N-terminal region in the inner membrane.
	glycob.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/13/10/693 (6843 words)

	Model of the Outer Membrane Potential Generation by the Inner Membrane of Mitochondria -- Lemeshko 82 (2): 684 -- ...
		inner and outer membranes of mitochondria (Hackenbrock, 1968
		The cation-selective substate of the mitochondrial outer membrane pore: single-channel conductance and influence on intermembrane and peripheral kinases.
		Colombini, M. A candidate for the permeability pathway of the outer mitochondrial membrane.
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/full/82/2/684 (4531 words)

	von Heijne lab publications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		Wallin, E., and von Heijne, G. (1998) Genome-wide analysis of integral membrane proteins from eubacterial, archaean, and eukaryotic organisms.
		Kim, H., von Heijne, G., Caputo, G.A., and Lennarz, W.J. (2003) Determination of membrane topology of Ost4p, and its subunit interactions in the oligosaccharyltransferase complex in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
		Kim, H., von Heijne, G., and Nilsson, I.M. (2005) Membrane topology of the STT3 subunit of the oligosaccharyl transferase complex.
	www.sbc.su.se /gunnar/gvhpub.html (4800 words)

	A Nuclear-coded Chloroplastic Inner Envelope Membrane Protein Uses a Soluble Sorting Intermediate upon Import into the ...
		The chloroplastic inner envelope protein of 110 kD (IEP110) is part of the protein import machinery in the pea.
		Thermolysin is a suitable protease for probing the surface of intact pea chloroplasts.
		The N-terminal hydrophobic region of the mature phosphate translocator is sufficient for targeting to the chloroplast inner envelope membrane.
	www.jcb.org /cgi/content/full/137/6/1279 (4823 words)

	Chloroplasts are organelles bounded by an outer and inner membrane
		Chloroplasts are organelles bounded by an outer and inner membrane; a third membrane system (thylakoids) is located inside the stroma (the compartment formed by the inner membrane).
		Mitochondria are organelles bounded by an inner and outer membrane.
		The surface of the membrane is studded with numerous ribosomes.
	www2.msstate.edu /~jjs87/BIO/1134/lab_2.html (476 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		Mitochondria are double membrane organelles that contain (from cytoplasmic surface inward) an outer membrane, an intermembrane space, an inner membrane, and a matrix.
		Most of the carriers of the electron transport chain are associated with the inner membrane.
		Although the outer mitochondrial membrane is freely permeable to molecules such as pyruvate, ATP, ADP, and inorganic phosphate, the inner membrane requires membrane transport systems to move these molecules from one compartment to another.
	faculty.evansville.edu /mc42/b440/Mito.htm (350 words)

	Insertion into the mitochondrial inner membrane of a polytopic protein, the nuclear-encoded Oxa1p -- Herrmann et al. 16 ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		Insertion into the mitochondrial inner membrane of a polytopic protein, the nuclear-encoded Oxa1p -- Herrmann et al.
		Insertion into the mitochondrial inner membrane of a polytopic protein, the nuclear-encoded Oxa1p
		Oxa1p, a nuclear-encoded protein of the mitochondrial inner membrane with five predicted transmembrane (TM) segments is synthesized
	embojournal.npgjournals.com /cgi/content/abstract/16/9/2217 (1561 words)

	Intracellular trafficking of MAN1, an integral protein of the nuclear envelope inner membrane -- Wu et al. 115 (7): ...
		Intracellular trafficking of MAN1, an integral protein of the nuclear envelope inner membrane -- Wu et al.
		Intracellular trafficking of MAN1, an integral protein of the nuclear envelope inner membrane
		MAN1 is an integral protein of the inner nuclear membrane that
	jcs.biologists.org /cgi/content/abstract/115/7/1361 (599 words)

	Intracellular trafficking of MAN1, an integral protein of the nuclear envelope inner membrane -- Wu et al. 115 (7): ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		Bergmann, J. and Singer, J. Immunoelectron microscopic studies of the intracellular transport of the membrane glycoprotein (G) of vesicular stomatitis virus in infected Chinese hamster ovary cells.
		Foisner, R. and Gerace, L. Integral membrane proteins of the nuclear envelope interact with lamins and chromosomes, and binding is modulated by mitotic phosphorylation.
		Smith, S. and Blobel, B. The first membrane spanning region of the lamin B receptor is sufficient for sorting to the inner nuclear membrane.
	intl-jcs.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/115/7/1361 (7371 words)

	AllRefer.com - rennet (Biochemistry) - Encyclopedia
		It is used in the making of cheese and junket.
		Rennet is obtained from the stomachs of young mammals living on milk, especially from the inner lining of the fourth, or true, stomach (abomasum) of milk-fed calves.
		The preparation of rennet was formerly a part of the domestic function of making cheese; the inner membrane was kept in salt, dried, and, when rennet was needed, soaked in water.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/R/rennet.html (203 words)

	Mitochondrial Inner Membrane antibody [H6/C12] (ab7765) datasheet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		Recognises an antigen expressed on the inner membrane of mitochondria which is partially sensitive to proteinase digestion.
		If Mitochondrial Inner Membrane antibody [H6/C12] (ab7765) does not perform as described on this datasheet, notify us within 90 days of delivery using this form, so that we can help you or offer you a replacement or a refund.
		The inner mitochondrial membrane holds the essential proteins (NADH dehydrogenase, cytochrome c reductase, cytochrome c oxidase) involved in the respiratory chain, facilitating the production of ATP from NADH.
	www.abcam.com /?datasheet=7765 (379 words)

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