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Topic: Innocent XIII

	INNOCENT (I.-XIII. AND ANTI-POPE) - LoveToKnow Article on INNOCENT (I.-XIII. AND ANTI-POPE) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Innocent was but thirty seven years old at this time, and the vigour of youth, guided by master mind, was soon apparent in the policy, of the papacy His first acts were to restore the prestige of the Holy See in Italy, where it had been overshadowed by the power of the emperor Henry VI.
		Innocent was one of the best Avignon popes and filled with reforming zeal he revoked the reservations and commendations of his predecessor and prohibited pluralities; urged upon the higher clergy the duty of residence in their sees, and diminished the luxury of the papal court.
		Innocent was extolled by contemporaries as a lover of peace and honesty, but he was without energy, guilty of nepotism, and showed no favor to the proposal that he as well as the antipope should resign.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /I/IN/INNOCENT_I_XIII_AND_ANTI_POPE_.htm (8119 words)

	Biography – Pope Innocent XIII – The Papal Library
		Innocent XIII, eldest child of Charles Conti, Duke of Poli, and Isabella Muti, was born at Rome on the 13th of May, 1655.
		Innocent well understood John's intention, and he as pontiff would grant nothing that was prejudicial to the Roman court, and which might displease the three great courts, jealous for the maintenance of their peculiar privileges.
		Innocent, to manifest the affection that he bore for that order, commanded the ceremony to be celebrated in the usual form, declaring his desire to preside himself at that ceremony, which took place in church of the Aracoeli, on the 15th of May, 1723.
	www.saint-mike.org /Papal-Library/InnocentXIII/Biography.html (3034 words)

	POPE INNOCENT III FACTS AND INFORMATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Innocent III made clear to the German princes by the Decree ''Venerabilem'' in May, 1202, how he considered the relationship between the Empire and the Papacy (this decree was afterwards embodied in the ''Corpus_Juris_Canonici'').
		The chief points of the decree were: the right to decide whether a king is worthy of the imperial crown belongs to the pope; in case of a double election the electors must ask the pope to arbitrate or pronounce in favour of one of the claimants.
		Innocent excommunicated the Venetians in return, and although he was not pleased with the means by which it was done, he accepted the end result of the temporary reunification of the Catholic and Orthodox churches after the Great Schism of 1054.
	www.beatlesfacts.com /Pope_Innocent_III (908 words)

	Pope Benedict XIII - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Benedict XIII, O.P., born Pietro Francesco Orsini, later Vincenzo Maria Orsini (Gravina di Puglia, February 2, 1649 – March 2, 1730), was pope from 1724 to 1730.
		He was a member of the great Orsini family of Rome, and the third and last member of that family to become Pope.
		On February 21, 1931, Pope Pius XI opened the diocesean process of canonization for Benedict XIII, bestowing upon him the title "Servant of God".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Pope_Benedict_XIII (177 words)

	Encyclopedia: Pope Innocent XIII
		Innocent XIII, nÃ© Michelangelo dei Conti (Poli, near Rome, May 13, 1655 â“ March 7, 1724 in Rome), pope from 1721 to 1724, became cardinal under Clement XI in 1706.
		From 1697 to 1710 he acted as papal nuncio to the Kingdom of Portugal, where he is believed to have formed those unfavourable impressions of the Jesuits which afterwards influenced his conduct towards them.
		innocent XIII File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Pope-Innocent-XIII (1173 words)

	January 26, 1999 THE HISTORY OF THE MASS AND HOLY MOTHER CHURCH: (jan26his.htm)
		Though Innocent had agreed in conclave with the rest that whoever was elected would do all in their power to end the Great Schism of the West, for some reason he delayed the meeting with Benedict XIII who had landed at Genoa waiting to be safely conducted to Rome.
		Though Innocent had a reputation for being a man of stern morals and and austere lifestyle as well as his legal expertise as a papal jurist, his political savvy was on the low rung of the ladder.
		Innocent was a jurist himself and knew the law, but rather than bringing his nephew to justice and doing the right thing, he pardoned him.
	www.dailycatholic.org /issue/99Feb/feb2his.htm (1037 words)

	This from NEWS BYTES & PROPHECY UPDATES…below you will find a description of St
		He succeeded Innocent II on the 25th September 1143 and at once lifted from France the interdict that his predecessor had inflicted because of the act of Louis VII in opposing his own candidate to the rightfully elected Bishop of Bourges.
		During the pontificate of Innocent II we find Gerardo three times as Legate in Germany, and it was largely due to him that King Lothiar III made two expeditions to Italy for the purpose of protecting Innocent II against the antipope Anacletus II.
		On the death of Innocent IV in 1254, the aged Cardinal was unanimously chosen to succeed him.
	www.nbapu.com /1CanidatetobethefalseProphet.htm (15548 words)

	Innocent III - Sketches of Church History
		Innocent did not give up the notion of a crusade, and at a later time he sent about preachers to stir up the people of the West afresh; but nothing had come of this when the pope died.
		Innocent, although he had nothing to do with this crusade, or with one of the same kind which was got up in Germany, declared that the zeal of the children put to shame the coldness of their elders, whom he was still labouring, with little success, to enlist in the cause of the Holy Land.
		Innocent, although he seems to have been much deceived by those who reported matters to him, was grievously to blame for having given too much countenance to the cruelties and injustice which were practiced against the unhappy Albigenses.
	bible.christiansunite.com /sch/sch02-13.shtml (3049 words)

	Pope Innocent III (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Innocent changed his mind and declared in favour of Philip in 1207, and sent cardinals to Germany to induce Otto to renounce his claims to the throne.
		Innocent called for the Fourth Crusade in 1198, directing the call towards the knights and nobles of Europe, rather than the kings (he preferred that neither Richard I of England and Philip II of France, who were still engaged in war, nor his German enemies, participate).
		He was buried in the cathedral of Perugia where his body remained until Pope Leo XIII had it transferred to the Lateran in December, 1891.
	www.punweb.com /article/Innocent_III (1038 words)

	[No title]
		Innocent began to hear complaints about a new heresy called Pelagianism and to receive decrees from councils in Jerusalem and Africa condemning it.
		Pope Innocent wrote a stern rebuke to the Alexandrian meddler and denounced the intruded usurper.
		He was certainly a deacon at Rome in the time of Pope Innocent I. In contrast to the stormy election of Pope Boniface, Celestine's seems to have been quiet and harmonious.
	www.ewtn.com /library/CHRIST/POPES.TXT (22289 words)

	Innocent XIII -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The medieval church in Western Europe reached the height of its authority during the reign of Innocent III.
		Had he succeeded in a complete reformation of the church, it is possible that the Reformation of the 16th century might have been avoided, or at least forestalled.
		When Leo XIII became pope on Feb. 20, 1878, at the age of 67, his reign was expected to be a brief, transitional one.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9042465?tocId=9042465 (555 words)

	Popes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Yet the very circumstances of the election showed how wide was the chasm which separated the politically powerful papacy of Innocent III from the badgered papacy of Innocent XIII.
		A stout old gentleman of sixty-six, Innocent XIII was known for his blameless life, his ability, and his strong sense of dignity.
		Innocent XIII granted the investiture of Naples Sicily to Emperor Charles VI, but his kindness was not rewarded.
	www.wga.hu /database/glossary/popes/innoce13.html (470 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Innocent XIII
		In memory of Innocent III, to whose lineage he belonged, he chose the name of Innocent XIII.
		In the dispute of the Jesuits with the Dominicans and others, concerning the retention of various Chinese Rites among the Catholic converts of China, Innocent XIII sided with the opponents of the Jesuits.
		He was, however, weak enough to yield to French pressure and raise the unworthy Prime Minister Dubois to the cardinalate.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/08023a.htm (545 words)

	[No title]
		Note that I have included the two popes that Mike insists on including in the list: Innocent III the antipope who reigned from 1179-1180, and Benedict XIV the counter-antipope (or as history came to know him: the 'hidden pope') of 1425-?.
		Innocent III (1179-1180) -- as I mentioned, this antipope does not seem to be accounted for in Malachy's list.
		242 Innocent XI (1676-1689) 86 Bellua insatiabilis 243 Alexander VIII (1689-1691) 87 Poenitentia gloriosa.
	exodus2006.com /malachy.txt (2083 words)

	Pope Innocent XIII -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		He prohibited the (A member of the Jesuit order) Jesuits from prosecuting their mission in (A communist nation that covers a vast territory in eastern Asia; the most populous country in the world) China, and ordered that no new members should be received into the order.
		Innocent XIII, like his predecessor showed much favour to the English Pretender " (Click link for more info and facts about James III) James III", and liberally supported him.
		He was succeeded by (Click link for more info and facts about Benedict XIII) Benedict XIII.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/p/po/pope_innocent_xiii3.htm (159 words)

	ipedia.com: Pope Innocent XIII Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Innocent XIII, né Michael Angelo Conti, pope from 1721 to 1724, became cardinal under Clement XI in 1706.
		From 1697 to 1710 he acted as papal nuncio to the Kingdom of Portugal, where he is believed to...
		Innocent XIII, né Michael Angelo Conti (May 13, 1655 - March 7, 1724), pope from 1721 to 1724, became cardinal under Clement XI in 1706.
	www.ipedia.com /pope_innocent_xiii.html (237 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Pope Benedict XIII
		In 1680, when Innocent XI transferred him to Cesena, he left to the people of Siponto a memorial of his apostolic activity, his devotion to the poor and his constant preaching brought about a thorough-going reformation among both clergy and people.
		Seeing on his frequent journeys the condition of the churches in even the poorest parishes, he neglected none and by the promulgation of strict rules, he abolished all known abuses.
		Cardinal Orsini had already taken part in four conclaves, when Innocent XIII died in March, 1724; and in all he had acted in the spirit of the zelanti.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/02431a.htm (1373 words)

	The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Consistories of the XV Century
		(2) Left the obedience of Benedict XIII in August 1398 together with the majority of his cardinals; returned to his obedience in March 1403; left again in 1408 and was deposed by him on October 21 of that year.
		(2) Left the obedience of Benedict XIII in 1408 and was deposed by him on October 21 of that year.
		After the death of Benedict XIII, occurred on May 23, 1423, Gil Sánchez Muñoz Dousel, canon of Barcelona, was elected antipope and took the name of Clement VIII.
	www.fiu.edu /~mirandas/consistories-xv.htm (4875 words)

	Collegio Romano E49f
		Its pupils included eight popes: Urban VIII, Innocent X, Clement IX, Clement X, Innocent XII, Clement XI, Innocent XIII and Clement XII.
		After it changed several seats, the school of Jesuits founded in 1551 in a house at the feet of S.Maria in Aracoeli, moved in 1560 into some houses on the site, where later a Chiesa di S.Ignazio was built.
		Gregory XIII gave the school a piece of land where in 1585 the College was built by B.Ammannati.
	www.italycyberguide.com /Geography/cities/rome2000/E49f.htm (285 words)

	Gianna Beretta Molla
		To the bridge from which he was thrown a metal plaque was affixed.
		In 1729, Pope Benedict XIII agreed with the Bohemians and canonized St. John of Nepomuk.
		ohn of Nepomuk was beatified 31 May 1721 by Pope Innocent XIII and canonized 19 March 1729 by Pope Benedict XIII.
	www.marypages.com /Nepomucene.htm (483 words)

	TopFoto Gallery 88 Popes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Pope Innocent XI (1670 - 1676)" src="images/thumbs/hip0000786.jpg" border="0">
		Pope Innocent IX (1590 - 1591)" src="images/thumbs/0840924.jpg" border="0">
		Pope Innocent VI (1342 - 1352)" src="images/thumbs/rvd728-6.jpg" border="0">
	www.topfoto.co.uk /gallery/88popes (400 words)

	Popes
		One of the first problems faced by Benedict was the accusation against the Jesuits of insubordination in the matter of the Chinese rites.
		Benedict, after mature consideration, convinced by Jesuit General Tamburini's defense, acquitted the Jesuits and quashed the stern decree of Innocent XIII.
		The Jansenists, disappointed in Innocent XIII, had great hopes in Benedict.
	gallery.euroweb.hu /database/glossary/popes/benedi13.html (495 words)

	[No title]
		Anti-Popes were illegitimate claimants of or pretenders to the papal throne.
		Innocent V 1276 Adrian V 1276 John XXI 1277 Nicholas III 1281 Martin IV 1285 Honorius IV 1288 Nicholas IV 1294 St. Celestine V 1294 Boniface VIII 1303 Bl.
		Benedict XI 1305 Clement V 1316 John XXII 1328* Nicholas V 1334 Benedict XII 1342 Clement VI 1352 Innocent VI 1362 Bl.
	www.mcs.drexel.edu /~shartley/popes.txt (484 words)

	The Prophecies of St. Malachy
		The most famous and best known prophecies about the popes are those attributed to St. Malachy, a medieval Irish priest and Kabbalist.
		While at Rome, he received (according to the Abbot Cucherat) the strange vision of the future wherein was unfolded before his mind the long list of illustrious pontiffs who were to rule the Church until the end of time.
		Leo XIII was a veritable luminary of the papacy.
	www.biblebelievers.org.au /malachy.htm (1171 words)

	The Papacy - A Historical Perspective
		1691 - 1724 A.D. - Innocent Xll, Clement XI, Innocent XIII
		1724 - 1758 A.D. - Benedict XIII, Clement XlI, Benedict XIV
		1758 - 1799 A.D. - Clement XIII, Clement XIV, Pius VI
	www.mgr.org /PapalIndex.html (1088 words)

	INNOCENT XIII - Online Information article about INNOCENT XIII
		INNOCENT XIII - Online Information article about INNOCENT XIII
		Innocent died on the 7th of See also:
		king of the Cockneys." Innocents' Day was ever accounted unlucky.
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /I27_INV/INNOCENT_XIII.html (1144 words)

	Innocent
		1724 Innocent XIII, [Michelangiolo dei Conti], Pope (1721-24), dies at 68
		1205 Pope Innocent III states Jews are doomed to perpetual servitude and subjugation due to crucifixion of Jesus
		Innocent I begins his reign as Catholic Pope
	www.brainyhistory.com /topics/i/innocent.html (604 words)

	Welcome to Adobe GoLive 5
		Born in 1568 in Florence as Matteo Barberini.
		1644-1655: INNOCENT X (Innocentius X) Born in 1574 in Rome as Giambattista Pamfili.
		Canonised by Pope Pius XIII in 1954 in Rome.
	homepage.mac.com /crowns/vt/avtxt.html (2208 words)

	The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Conclaves by century
		(2) Entered the conclave the night of May 7, 1721 and so voted on May 8 when Innocent XIII was elected.
		(4) Entered the conclave the night of May 7, 1721 and so voted on May 8 when Innocent XIII was elected.
		Cardella, Memorie Storiche de' Cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa, VIII, 154, indicates that he participated in the conclaves that elected Innocent XIII and Benedict XIII but was not present in the election of Benedict XIV.
	www.fiu.edu /~mirandas/conclave-xviii.htm (2250 words)

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