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Topic: Institutionalization

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	Politics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Among the features of this new type of civilization were the institutionalization of social stratification, non-agricultural specialised crafts (including priests and lawyers), taxation, and writing.
		The multiple notions of political power that are put forth range from conventional views that simply revolve around the actions of politicians to those who view political power as an insidious form of institutionalized social control - most notably "anarchists" and "radical capitalists".
		This view of power treads a line that leans more towards institutions as the basis of societal control (see New institutionalism) and ignores certain aspects of agency and ideational agendas.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Politics (1707 words)

	[No title]
		The institutionalization rate reflects the percentage of elderly in the population who reside in institutions – that is, the tendency of the elderly population to use institutional services.
		By comparison, the institutionalization made in 1983 was 3.6%, and the distribution by functional status was: 1.5% semi-independents, 0.8% frail, 1.1% nursing and 0.2% mentally frail elderly.
		Examination of changes in the institutionalization rate by marital status reveals that the institutionalization rate of unmarried elderly was six to seven times that of married elderly, at both points in time.
	brookdale-en.pionet.com /?catid={DCB8C5D8-1A7B-4A03-B7A1-6AFBDD928AED} (3383 words)

	Institutionalization of Seniors: A Necessary Practice?
		Institutionalization can occur when seniors are living in thecommunity and segregated from the mainstream of society, either by society's attitudes, a dehumanizing and impersonal approach to care, or lack of resources and support to facilitate integration (Hutchison & McGill, 1998; Meddaugh & Peterson, 1997).
		Although institutionalization has never been a desirable situation, it was, up until the 1970s, considered the only solution to care for people with disabilities and others whom society deemed "unfit" to live in mainstream society.
		Institutionalization is a system concerned with functional limitations while ignoring quality of life, and stigmatizing those using it, thereby isolating them from their relational circles and the greater community (Charron, 1992).
	www.lin.ca /resource/html/Vol27/V27N1A4.htm (4582 words)

	[No title]
		Institutionalization of the shadow economy means that shadow regulations are dominant over legal ones and formal programs adopted by state bodies to eliminate shadow behavior (‘to stop corruption’, etc.) remain empty slogans.
		Institutionalization means that the shadow economy experiences a qualitative transformation: from the spontaneous and chaotic interactions of economic agents not limited by any hard and fast regulations, it becomes a hierarchical and self-reproducing social system, hidden from direct state monitoring and control, but basically self-organizing.
		Causes of Large-Scale Institutionalization of the Shadow Economy The authors of this article consider the reasons for the explosive growth of the shadow economy, and its institutionalization in post-Soviet Russia, to be much deeper than a simple lack of reforms or liberalization as some authors suggest.
	www.transparency.org.ru /CENTER/DOC/article_25.doc (7819 words)

	Institutionalizing a Broader View of Scholarship through Boyer's Four Domains. ERIC Digest.
		The guiding definition of institutionalization used in the ASHE-ERIC Report is: "the process whereby specific cultural elements or cultural objects are adopted by actors in a social system" (Clark, 1971, p.75).
		Institutionalization also occurs on three levels: structural, procedural, and incorporation, with incorporation being the highest level (Curry, 1991).
		Accordingly, we appraise the attainment of these three levels of institutionalization of Boyer's perspective by using data collected from a national sample of 1,424 faculty members in five types of colleges and universities and four academic disciplines.
	www.ericdigests.org /2003-3/four.htm (905 words)

	Party Rooting
		Institutionalized party systems, such as those in the advanced industrial democracies and some of the newer democracies, provide a stability to politics which makes the system operate with greater predictability.
		This criterion is important in evaluating institutionalization because it suggests stability over time in the number of parties in the system, their relative strengths, and their relationships with the electorate (stability does not mean lack of change, only change that is not wild and unpredictable).
		While admitting that levels of institutionalization exist along a continuum and cannot be reduced to either an institutionalized system or an uninstitutionalized system, in fact, Mainwaring says that in practice it is often thus.
	people.uncw.edu /tanp/SPSA2004.html (10259 words)

	HHS - About OCR
		The complainant, a 23-year-old woman with mild mental retardation, alleged that she was inappropriately institutionalized in a facility for individuals with mental retardation.
		The complainant alleged that she was inappropriately institutionalized in a State facility, and thus denied the opportunity to receive services in the most integrated setting appropriate to her needs.
		The complainant alleged that she was in danger of unnecessary institutionalization because of the failure of the State to provide her with adequate in-home care.
	www.hhs.gov /ocr/complianceactiv.html (18558 words)

	Alexander Siedschlag: Institutionalization and Conflict Management in the New Europe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Institutions and institutionalization often are regarded as an immanent way to general political improvement, amenable to rational design, whereas lower degrees of institutionalization, for example missing visible nodal points of conflict regulation, rashly are associated with institutional decay or a loss of political steering capacity (cf.
		Institutionalization as a model for ameliorative conflict transformation can only function so long as the conflict basically remains the same, there is a consensus between the adversaries what core issues they are struggling over and the actors do not change significantly.
		It is a strategy of paradoxical institutionalization: lowering the barriers for the Russian-speaking population to articulate their concerns, display their identity, guarantee the reproduction of their identity and language and creating paths for a regularized entry of the language and citizenship conflict into the arenas and procedures of the new democratic system.
	amor.rz.hu-berlin.de /~h0936dbk/ipsa.html (9893 words)

	Controlling the School: Institutionalization
		But from another perspective, institutionalization represents the ascendency of wider, social goals over narrow, instrumentalist interests, the transformation of administration into statesmanship, a developing sensitivity to moral concerns that tempers a compulsive need for efficiency.
		The most alarming part of institutionalization theory is that it claims that certification interests, the gaining of grades and diplomas, takes precedence over educational interests of all kinds.
		Institutionalization is seen by many as a reduction in concerns about production and an increase in politics.
	www.newfoundations.com /OrgTheory/Institutionalization.html (11492 words)

	CESNUR 2001 - Charisma and NRMs Leaders (Chryssides)
		Second, and equally important, Scientology’s institutionalization was not something that followed after Hubbard’s death: however one evaluates his achievements, he was certainly an administrator and laid down very clear procedures, both for the application of his ‘religious technology’ and also for the structure and operation of the Scientology organization.
		Since Hubbard had himself effectively completed the institutionalization process by the time of his death, Scientologists, while of course regretting his passing, did not feel that there was any particular charismatic void that required filling by some other charismatic figure.
		All this is not to say, however, that there were no problems of institutionalization after the death of the founder-leader, or that current institutions correspond to those laid down by Prabhupada – on the contrary.
	www.cesnur.org /2001/london2001/chryssides.htm (4413 words)

	RainbowKids - Institutionalization: What are the Risk Factors? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The best interests of the older institutionalized child must outweigh the needs of the newly adoptive parents to give rapid love, affection and attachment which are complicated emotional-behavioral patterns which may be totally foreign experiences to many of these children.
		Institutionalized children are used to a very rigid routine which should be kept up at some level upon arrival to their new home.
		To appreciate the full dimensions of an institutionalized orphan’s medical, cognitive and emotional difficulties, we need to understand the road traveled by such a child and what has happened along the path of decline.
	www.rainbowkids.com /2002/10/medical/risk.chtml (4256 words)

	The Institutionalization of the U.S. House of Representatives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The process of institutionalization is one of the grand themes in all of modern social science.
		One aspect of institutionalization is the differentiation of an organization from its environment.
		But the total impact of a cadre of specialists operating over the entire spectrum of public policies is a formidable asset for a political institution; and it has undoubtedly enabled the House to retain a measure of autonomy and influence that is quite exceptional for a 20th century legislature.
	www.utdallas.edu /~jfg021000/polsby.html (11894 words)

	Op-ed on Romanian institutionalization
		After Romanian dictator Nicolae Ceausescu was executed a decade ago, the world was shocked to learn the tragic outcome of his social policies aimed at stimulating population growth.
		By 1992, the number of institutionalized children had dropped to 73,000, thanks largely to the wave of international adoptions that followed the revolution.
		Long before children suffer a physical death, there is the spiritual, emotional and developmental death that occurs when they are not loved, nourished, cherished, or cared for by a family.
	www.cwru.edu /pubaff/univcomm/romania.htm (784 words)

	050317-017 / Organization and Institutionalization of Artisan and Small-scale Mining: International Development ...
		This document presents the results of the research project on organisation and institutionalization of artisan and small-scale mining in Ecuador, funded by the MPRI/IDRC.
		This document presents the results of the research project on organisation and institutionalization of artisan and small-scale mining in Bolivia, funded by the MPRI/IDRC.
		This document presents the results of the research project on organisation and institutionalization of artisan and small-scale mining in Colombia, funded by the MPRI/IDRC.
	www.idrc.ca /ehip/ev-70781-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html (806 words)

	[No title]
		It is merely to state that insanity and institutionalization are more complicated than a mere labeling on the part of a social organization.
		For the institution, any particular institutionalization is just a moment in its history, though each of these moments is in the strictest sense {\em{essential}} - the institution really only consists of the sum of these institutionalizations.
		For the individual, ripped from his or her normal existence and deprived of his or her accustomed social context, the commitment is a traumatic event, but one that is not constitutive.
	theory.eserver.org /commit.txt (5384 words)

	Addison-Wesley Professional - Institutionalization of Usability: A Step-by-Step Guide
		Whether you are an executive leading the institutionalization process, a manager supporting the transition, or an engineer working on usability issues, Institutionalization of Usability will help you to build usability into your software practices.
		There is a misconception that the institutionalization of usability will simply be a matter of doing more of what we have done in the past.
		No matter who you are, or how far along you are in the institutionalization process (even if it is at the beginning), if you are considering how to institutionalize usability in your company, this book is for you.
	safari.awprofessional.com /?XmlId=032117934X (2316 words)

	Risk of Institutionalization: 1977-1985
		Using two national cohorts of institutionalized and noninstitutionalized aged, we estimated weighted logistic regression models to identify individual factors which differentiated nursing home residents from the noninstitutionalized elderly in 1985 compared to 1977.
		Two national cohorts of institutionalized and noninstitutionalized aged were used for the individual level analyses.
		For a dichotomous variable the odds ratio represents the extent to which the chance of institutionalization is greater for an elderly person with the trait relative to one without the trait.
	aspe.hhs.gov /daltcp/reports/instrkes.htm (7961 words)

	From Institutionalization to Community: How Far Have we Come?
		During my past 30 years as a rehabilitation professional, I have been involved in issues of institutionalization, both as a participant in facilitating placement, as well as in assisting institutionalized people with limited physical and experiential skills to move back into the community.
		Proponents argue that congregate living under the supervision and management of others is often the resident's choice and sometimes the only apparent solution for those who cannot manage his or her own supports and services.
		When "patients" are not cooperative or receptive to intervention, their reasons are not seen to be as legitimate as the reasons of professionals prescribing service.
	www.lin.ca /resource/html/Vol27/V27N1A1.htm (3717 words)

	Institutionalization
		Institutionalization, however, implies that not only have the curricular changes developed by the Foundation Coalition been adopted by the institution, but also that the processes associated with responsive curriculum modification are understood and accepted at that institution.
		The ability to document the issues involved in curriculum change, including the stages that a campus goes through during a change of its curriculum and the obstacles confronted by that campus during the change, is of tremendous value to other schools contemplating change at their own institution.
		A combination of these individual campus results will allow the FC to identify the basic principles associated with the institutionalization process that are common to curriculum change initiatives on any campus.
	www.rose-hulman.edu /Users/faculty/doering/fc_html/splan/institut.htm (866 words)

	Effects of Institutionalization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Research on the effects of institutionalization was probably not a major part of the curriculum of most physicians, therapists, and educators who are in practice today.
		Opportunities for Western child development specialists to study the role of extreme neglect on the development of institutionalized children were limited, until the opening of Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union.
		By definition of their status as institutionalized children, these are children with special needs.
	www.mariaschildren.org /english/babyhouse/effects.html (7592 words)

	SSA Handbook §2121
		Institutionalization affects your eligibility and your benefit rate.
		You need to continue to maintain and provide for the expenses of your home to which you may return.
		Payments may be made for up to the first three full months of institutionalization.
	www.ssa.gov /OP_Home/handbook/handbook.21/handbook-2121.html (588 words)

	Organizational Institutionalization of BRAC (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		he reason the theory of institutionalization is so important is that it provides the basis for optimum efficiency and effectiveness, two pillars of public administration, within government organizations.
		Although the institutionalization of ad hoc government organizations, such as independent commissions, appears counter-intuitive, this paper argues that select independent commissions that are periodically reestablished to perform a needed service can become institutionalized over time.
		In other words, scholars normally applied the theory of institutionalization to states and countries to assess social and economic change in what could be termed governmental institutionalization.
	www.airpower.maxwell.af.mil /airchronicles/cc/schwalbe4.html (8697 words)

	Drinking frequency, depression, cardiovascular disease, and risk of institutionalization among elderly HMO members (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Methods: We examined risk of institutionalization over a 6-year period among 3900 elderly Kaiser Permanente Northwest members who responded to a baseline health status survey.
		In preliminary analyses, we used logistic regression procedures to predict institutionalization for 30 days or more, adjusting for age, sex, marital status, income and frailty.
		Conversely, for those without an indication of CVD at baseline, alcohol consumption reduced risk of institutionalization (OR 0.75, 95% CI=0.58-0.96), and depression was no longer predictive.
	apha.confex.com /apha/128am/techprogram/paper_6669.htm (376 words)

	Institutionalization of Usability (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Most design teams are taking a piecemeal approach to usability projects, incorporating usability techniques into their process wherever and whenever they can.
		In this seminar, Eric will outline his proven methodology to institutionalize usability—making user-centered design and development a routine practice in your organization's design process.
		He will outline the key steps to the institutionalization of usability, discuss current experiences in the industry, and help you to develop a strategic plan for your organization.
	www.uie.com /events/uiconf/sessions/schaffer/index.php (818 words)

	SocioSite: FAMOUS SOCIOLOGISTS
		The origin of institutionalization is explained by the argument that all human activity is subject to habitualization.
		Institutionalization itself is defined as a reciprocal typication of habitualized actions by types of actors.
		However, the possibility of common understanding does not consist in demonstrated measures of shared knowledge of social structure, but consists instead and entirely in the enforceable character of actions in compliance with the exigencies of everyday life as a morality.
	www.sociosite.net /topics/sociologists.php (7322 words)

	Amazon.ca: Institutionalization of Usability: A Step-by-Step Guide: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Publisher: learn how customers can search inside this book.
		Write an online review and share your thoughts with other shoppers!
		This book will teach you the ways to do it right once as well as how to formalize the process so that you do it right every time.
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/032117934X (2310 words)

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