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Topic: Intaglio (printmaking)

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	Intaglio Printmaking
		In part one of this article the basic printmaking techniques relief printing and intaglio printing were discussed and the relief techniques woodcut, wood engraving and linocut were introduced.
		This second part is about the intaglio printmaking techniques - engraving, drypoint, etching, aquatint, stipple, mezzotint.
		Engraving is the oldest and most common of the intaglio techniques.
	www.artelino.com /articles/intaglio_printmaking.asp (1082 words)

	WPG Printmaking Techniques: Relief & Intaglio (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In relief printmaking, the matrix is a block of wood or linoleum.
		In a relief print, the ink is rolled onto the surface and not into the lines; in an intaglio print, the ink is pushed into the lines and pits and wiped off the surface of the plate.
		The matrix in intaglio is a thin plate of metal (usually zinc or copper), plexiglass, or any other surface in which a line can be engraved.
	www.washingtonprintmakers.com /media_pull_1.html (1078 words)

	Intaglio Printmaking as an process for printmaking art.
		Intaglio Printmaking as an process for printmaking art.
		The term "intaglio printing" describes all printing techniques in which the image is taken from ink-filled grooves.
		The grooves and the margins of the plate leaves a relief on the surface of the paper which is more or less strong in relation to the pressure during printing process and the thickness of the paper.
	www.printmaking-art.com /intaglio_printing.htm (282 words)

	Technique of Intaglio Photogravure Printmaking
		Intaglio prints, made from etched copperplates, are distinguishable by their platemark, resulting from the pressure of the inked copperplate on etching paper.
		All intaglio techniques -- photogravure, etching, engraving, drypoint, aquatint, and mezzotint -- require an etching press to draw the ink out of the recesses of the copperplate.
		The gravure printmaking technique I use is based on the inventions of W H Talbot and Nicéphore Nièpce in the 1830s.
	www.kamprint.com /printmak.html (2627 words)

	Intaglio Fine Art Prints - about etching and engraving
		Engraving as a printmaking method was developed during the 15th Century when metal plates began to replace the use of carved wooden printing blocks for the reproduction of works of art.
		For this reason, during a period in the history of intaglio printmaking, many engravings were produced on steel rather than copper plates, which are much more durable by virtue of greater hardness of the metal.
		Very often, intaglio plates are made using a number of techniques combined together to produce the effect that is desired.
	www.intaglio-fine-art.com /etching-info-about.php (1300 words)

	The University of Maine - UMaine Today Magazine - Summer 2002 - Going Green
		In this form of intaglio, known as etching, metal plates are coated with acid-resistant grounds (a varnish-like substance) and an image is created using a variety of tools to expose the metal.
		After her initial visit to Edinburgh Printmakers, Groce began to work closely with Friedhard Kiekeben, who also was developing the innovative Edinburgh Etch, in which nitric acid is replaced with ferric chloride (corrosive salt) and citric acid (used in beverages).
		“Printmaking is evolving at a fast pace,” says Groce, who uses non-toxic printmaking in her award-winning art, which has been featured in nine international and 12 national juried exhibitions in the past five years.
	www.umainetoday.umaine.edu /issues/v2i3/green.html (1053 words)

	KEITH HOWARD'S NON-TOXIC PRINTMAKING PAGE
		The seasoned printmaker who has invested many years in pursuit of excellence in one 'traditional' manner of working, may refuse to accept that they may no longer be experts in their chosen art form.
		Printmaking is evolving to reflect a user- friendly attitude which supports and encourages exploration, discovery, sharing and accessibility.
		Printmakers who adopt this new, safer approach to intaglio are pioneers, innovatively applying these techniques to meet their individual expressive demands.
	www.praga.com /Imagon/imhoward.htm (1873 words)

	Printmaking: aspects and history
		Linoleum's use as a craft material and as a means of introducing children to printmaking has caused many artists to avoid it, although excellent work has been done by Matisse and Picasso as early as 1939.
		Drypoint is a method of intaglio printmaking in which the artist scratches directly on the metal plate with a sharp instrument such as an etching needle.
		It is a form of etching in which the plate is covered with many tiny particles of rosin (adhered to the plate by heating), which allows the acid to bite through evenly, creating areas of tone on top of the incised lines.
	www.monoprints.com /info/otheraspects.html (1362 words)

	Printmaking: Relief and intaglio prints, lithograhy, screenprinting, monoprinting
		Picasso began using the linoleum off his floor as early as 1939, but it was from the mid-50s that linocuts became an important part of his print production, as he imitated the bold designs and bright colours of the posters produced for the local bullfights near his home in the South of France.
		Intaglio comes from the Italian word intagliare, meaning "to cut in.": the image being cut into a metal plate (usually copper or zinc) using either a sharp tool (engraving) or acid (etching).
		The primary intaglio techniques are engraving, drypoint, mezzotint, etching, and aquatint.
	www.coskunfineart.com /printmaking_techniques.asp (1209 words)

	Prints and Printmaking
		Intaglio printing is the opposite of relief printing, in that the image is cut or incised into a metal plate with various tools or with acids.
		The two basic types of intaglio printing are engraving the image into the plate with finely ground tools called needles, burnishers, scrapers, and rockers, and etching the image with acids.
		Printmakers, print dealers, and print collectors use six terms that are necessary for the comprehension of prints.
	www.springstun.com /prints_and_printmaking.htm (6073 words)

	intaglio_processes_html (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The intaglio process involves etching or otherwise incising an image into a plate with acid or various tools.
		Although the basic process of intaglio is rather simple, there are infinite variations within the medium.
		Intaglio plates may be copper, zinc, aluminum, plastic, or a number of other metals; copper and zinc are the most commonly used.
	calvin.linfield.edu /~rmills/syllabi_folders/intaglio_folder/intaglio_processes_html.html (4070 words)

	The News-Bulletin: Belen artist passionate about printmaking
		Printmaking has evolved through the centuries from its first development as stone rubbing and woodcuts by the Chinese after paper was invented at about 105 A.D. It is that contact to the Oriental past that fascinates Holloway, whose work reflects an Asian theme.
		Printmaking is not just about drawing the image, but also involves various techniques to transfer that image from the print block or plate to paper.
		With intaglio printing, the ink is applied to the recessed areas of the printing plate by wiping, dabbing or a combination of both.
	www.news-bulletin.com /lavida/54713-09-28-05.html (1094 words)

	Eva Pietzcker - Printmaking: Intaglio - Screenprint - Woodblock
		Eva Pietzcker - Printmaking: Intaglio - Screenprint - Woodblock
		The development of intaglio is connected to the work of goldsmiths and the beginning paper production in the 15th century.
		But intaglio developed to an independent art form, which was popular because it made it possible to collect art to low prices.
	www.pietzcker.de /en/radierung.htm (977 words)

	\| 2. Intaglio Printmaking \|
		The unique beauty of this type of printing lies in its capacity to allow ink films of different thickness to be deposited on the paper at the same time.
		A plate made for intaglio printing has grooves, or incisions, which can be of varying depths, and the printer fills these grooves with ink.
		He or she then wipes the plate surface clean, first with a cloth, then with the palm of the hand.
	www.crownpoint.com /printmaking/process2.html (223 words)

	NEW! Alphabetical listing of the New Printmaking Terminology - Courtesy of Keith Howard
		It is a user friendly approach to printmaking that offers the intaglio printmaker a totally new realm of creative image making.
		It is fundamentally a new printmaking discipline that integrates technology, unbridled enthusiasm, dynamic creative potential, and health and environmental awareness.
		Intaglio Printmaking - Is a method of inking a plate whereby the ink is forced into lines and textures in a plate, after which the top surface of the plate is wiped clean leaving the ink in the recessed areas.
	www.marylandprintmakers.org /newsletter.asp?id=166 (2884 words)

	Printmaking courses offered, Syracuse University
		All printmaking courses are offered in a workshop environment to make available a variety of traditional and contemporary processes in intaglio, lithography, serigraphy, relief, collography, monotype, and photographic processes in printmaking.
		Students are urged to explore the various technical printmaking processes and their aesthetic qualities before narrowing their interests to a specific technique.
		The M.F.A. degree program in printmaking, requiring 60 credits, is three years and offers the committed student the opportunity to work as a lab technician and often teach their own classes.
	vpa.syr.edu /printmaking/courses.html (499 words)

	Printmaking
		There are three "generalities" of printmaking: intaglio methods, relief methods and planographic methods.
		The plate is sprinkled with a powdered resin, heated so the resin melts and clings, then given an acid bath to bite the areas not covered by the resin, creating a porus ground.
		It is the oldest form of printmaking, and appeared in China about a thousand years before the first prints ever appeared in Europe.
	www.sfonlinearts.com /Printmaking.htm (1192 words)

	Savannah College of Art and Design > Academic > Course Descriptions
		Students are introduced to a variety of print media and methods, such as monotype, relief, intaglio and lithography, and various approaches to making and printing plates in each medium.
		This course introduces students to several approaches to relief printmaking and to techniques such as woodcut, linocut, relief etching and wood engraving.
		Drawing on the rich historical traditions of the intaglio process, students explore etching as a means of recording the natural and built environments.
	www.scad.edu /academic/course/index.cfm?showall=false&grad=ugrad&dept=PRMK (1082 words)

	Learn about engraving and intaglio
		Intaglio is the collective term for the the print making techniques that encompass engraving and etching.
		While copper is in many ways an ideal metal for engraving, it's softness which enables it to be cut with reasonable freedom, is a disadvantage, when it comes to printing from the finished plate.
		This revolutionary technique, a special form of the then new discovery of electro-plating, enables a very thin "skin" of steel (less than two ten-thousands of an inch) to be applied to an engraved or etched copper plate, imparting the hardness of steel to the engravers favourite metal of choice.
	www.thomasross.co.uk /html/eng_etch.htm (894 words)

	Handbook of Non-Toxic Intaglio
		egh himself points out that, while there is no such thing as totally non-toxic printmaking, and that "'toxicity' is a relative term," the soap and water, acrylic resist and photopolymer and ferric chloride-based procedures which he advocates are much safer and more ecological, and even cheaper, than acid-based techniques.
		Regarding the use of ferric chloride the author says, "Unfortunately, printmakers quite often buy ferric chloride crystals from artists' supply shops and disolve them in water, without the least consideration for the violent generation of extremely dangerous (chlorine) fumes that takes place when ferric chloride and water are first brought into contact." (p.
		The final question which printmakers will have to ask themselves is: Are the non-toxic techniques less toxic enough and are the new image-making possibilities they open up important enough to merit the changeover required in studio setups and established mind sets.
	www.worldprintmakers.com /english/boegh.htm (833 words)

	Green Prints: guide to related websites
		The Printmakers' Experimentarium - was established in Copenhagen by Henrik Boegh in 1997.
		The Printmakers Council was founded in 1965 to promote the art of printmaking and the work of contemporary printmakers.
		Printmakers with sites showing their prints can join the webring and hopefully receive more visits to their sites...
	www.greenart.info /galvetch/grnlink.htm (1841 words)

	FINA S341 5625 Printmaking II - Intaglio (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Basic Approach: As in all printmaking course, we place a large amount of emphasis on trying to help the student evolve or develop her/his personal imagery in terms of the medium.
		Intaglio is a flexible medium that readily ends itself to many approaches both technical and conceptual.
		In this sense, intaglio is an excellent teaching medium that relates directly to painting and drawing and indirectly to sculpture.
	www.indiana.edu /~deanfac/blfal04/fina/fina_s341_5625.html (246 words)

	Tips&Techs (Site not responding. Last check: )
		But generally speaking, intaglio plates are scratched into or acid “eats” or “bites” into the plate creating divots.
		A printmaker will ink the whole plate with oil paint (special) and then will wipe the plate with cheesecloth and other materials.
		Instead of the raised surface, the ink is held in the valleys and the paper is damp enough that it is pushed into the wells or scratches.
	www.bethel.edu /~bacsha/Artwork/website/tech-intaglio.html (112 words)

	Open Directory - Arts:Visual Arts:Printmaking:Printmakers (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Please submit sites of printmakers who are currently working in intaglio and any of it's various permutations including etching, engraving, drypoint, mezzotint, and gravure.
		Contemporary use of intaglio in combination with digital or photographic processes, including polymer films and plates, in addition to more traditional media, is acceptable.
		Intaglio printmaking is a term to describe the use of metal plates, usually copper or zinc, to produce hand-pulled limited edition prints.
	dmoz.org /Arts/Visual_Arts/Printmaking/Printmakers/desc.html (141 words)

	Dictionary and glossary of printamking terms
		An aid used by printmakers to steady the block during cutting, made from a wooden baseboard with one strip of wood along the top edge to hold the block in place, and another underneath hooking the board against the work surface.
		In traditional Japanese woodblock printmaking, brushes are used to apply waterbased inks and rice paste to the relief block.
		German printmaker Adam von Bartsch, in his 1821 Anleitung zur Kupferstichkunde, estimated the maximum number of quality impressions it was possible to pull using different print media.
	www.printmakingstudio.com /Studionotes/printglossary.html (5681 words)

	Art QandA Printmaking Page
		Cliche-verre, silkscreen, woodblock, and collagraph printing are all low cost methods and the later two can be printed as rubbings rather than through traditional inking and printing...
		Intaglio is one of the main methods of inking printing plates:
		Intaglio plates have viscous ink pressed into their recesses with a felt stump, the raised surfaces are then wiped clean with newsprint or tarlatan.
	members.tripod.com /~qaart/printmaking.html (2949 words)

	Printmaking (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Introduction to intaglio (etching), relief (linocut and woodcut), and combined (collagraph) processes.
		Individual projects within the printmaking media provide the student with the opportunity to extend studies beyond the courses offered.
		This capstone component focuses on career goals through the completion of a professional portfolio and resume, oral presentation to a group of peers or professionals, and completion of a written research report on a self-promotion marketing plan or graduate school applications through workshop or class activities.
	www.sou.edu /ART/Classes/printm.htm (277 words)

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