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Topic: Intel 4004

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	The Intel 4004 Home
		He demostrated that the 4004 could be used for applications other than calculators and vigorously campaigned inside Intel to make the 4004 available to the general market.
		After having led from the beginning all of Intel's microprocessor development activity, at the time of his leaving Faggin was heading all of the MOS chip design activity, with the exception of dynamic memories.
		Intel’s management punished Faggin by disowning him of his many contributions, attributing most of his credits in the creation of the microprocessor to Ted Hoff, and by encouraging lesser contributors to grab a bigger share and play a bigger role than they did to diminish Faggin's legacy.
	www.intel4004.com (644 words)

	Intel 4004 - the First Microprocessor from 1971
		The Intel 4004 was originally designed for use in a Busicom scientific calculator, but Intel engineers realized the design of the chip afforded multi-purpose use - thus the microprocessor was born.
		The 4004 contains 2000 transistors and is a 4-bit microprocessor capable of processing 4 bits of information at a time at a rate of about 0.06 MHz.
		But the 4004 found widespread use in many applications, including being used on the Pioneer 10 spacecraft launched in 1972.
	www.cedmagic.com /history/intel-4004.html (0 words)

	Museum
		Intel had been commited by Nippon Calculating Machine Corporation (later Busicom) to develop a chip family for a calculator - the Busicom 141-PF.
		Busicom chose Mostek and Intel for the development of the chipset since these were the only two companies, who were experienced in silicon gate MOS technology at this time.
		The introduction of the 4004 to the general market started in November 1971 after Intel had recovered the rights to use the microprocessor design and to market it for non-calculator applications.
	www.cpu-museum.com /4004_e.htm (0 words)

	Intel 4004 definition by The Linux Information Project (LINFO)
		The origin of the 4004 can be traced back to late 1969 when Busicom, a Japanese company, requested the design of twelve custom chips for functions such as keyboard scanning, display control and printer control for a calculator that it was planning.
		Intel followed a clever marketing plan to encourage the development of applications for the 4004 chip, leading to its widespread use within months.
		Federico Faggin signed the 4004 because he was the leader of the design/development project of the first microprocessor, and brought it to its successful conclusion.
	www.linfo.org /4004.html (2004 words)

	Intel 4004 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Der Intel 4004 ist ein 4-Bit-Mikroprozessor des Mikrochipherstellers Intel, der 1971 auf den Markt kam.
		Intel war damals der Hersteller mit der größten verfügbaren Integrationsdichte.
		Intel kaufte später die Rechte am Design des Intel 4004 für 60.000 US-Dollar von Busicom zurück, was sich noch als genialer Schachzug erweisen sollte.
	www.jenskleemann.de /wissen/bildung/wikipedia/i/in/intel_4004.html (418 words)

	The 4004 Microprocessor
		The 4004 was introduced as the world's first microprocessor on the 15th of November, 1971.
		Wires were welded to the 16 small square pads around the edge of the chip, and then to the pins on the outside of the DIP to make connections with other parts on a circuit board.
		Once Intel realised the potential of the new chips, the company offered Busicom a lower price in return for the rights to the microprocessor design and the rights to market it for non-calculator applications.
	www.geocities.com /thestarman3/epc/4004.html (798 words)

	Intel from FOLDOC (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The 80186 was an improvement on the Intel 8086 and Intel 8088.
		The Intel 8086 was based on the design of the Intel 8080 and Intel 8085 (it was source compatible with the 8080) with a similar register set, but was expanded to 16 bits.
		Intel bubble memory was on the market for a while, but faded away as better and cheaper memory technologies arrived.
	www.instantweb.com /foldoc/foldoc.cgi?Intel (3749 words)

	MyNikko.com 微處理器博物館 - Intel 4004
		Intel 4004 is the world's first commercial central unit processor (CPU) and also the first 4-bit microprocessor for calculators.
		Originally, Intel produced this chip for Busicom, a Japanese calculator company, to be used in their 141-PF calculators.
		The Intel C4004 on the right is known to be the world's first microprocessor, and it is also the rarest version: white ceramic with grey traces (also known as gray traced or C4004 grey).
	www.mynikko.com /CPU/4004.html (507 words)

	Intel 4004 - CompWisdom (Site not responding. Last check: )
		1971 Intel intoduces the microcomputer idustry with the Intel (4004) microprocessor
		Intel introduced the 8080, a 2-MHz, 6,000-transistor microprocessor with 16-bit addressing that was eventually to become the heart of the MITS Altair, the first microcomputer.
		Intel's 4004 (4-bit) microprocessor was the on the market, however, and in 1974 they added the 8080 (8-bit), sixteen times more powerful.
	www.compwisdom.com /topics/Intel-4004 (2750 words)

	The 8008 & The 8080
		Computer Terminal Corporation (later known as Datapoint) had visited Intel in late 1969 to contract Intel to design and build a custom bipolar memory chip for their small CPU, which was to be built using TTL logic components (as was customary in those days).
		Intel entered into a development contract with CTC in early 1970 and Hal Feeney was assigned to work on the chip.
		It was restarted after Faggin had finished the 4004 and was free to supervise the project.
	www.intel4004.com /8008_8080.htm (293 words)

	Multi-Core Processors (Site not responding. Last check: )
		One brilliance of the Intel 4004 was that Intel engineer Ted Hoff sensed that the time had finally arrived when such a device was probably feasible, but just barely as it turned out.
		Intel subsequently delayed filing a patent on the device though things substantially changed 14 years later when Intel exited its memory business for microprocessors.
		Thus, though the Intel 4004 had a 740 KHz Maximum clock speed and required a minimum of eight cycles per instruction, packaging pin count considerations forced it to use a single 4-bit bus to transfer 12-bit addresses; 41 8-bit and five 16-bit instructions; and 4-bit data words to and from its 16 4-bit registers.
	www.veritas.com /van/articles/MultiCoreProcessors.jsp (1742 words)

	Intel 4004 definition by The Linux Information Project (LINFO)
		In the final analysis, the Intel 4004 microprocessor is most interesting because it is an example of how the search for more flexible technology underlies the success of high technology and scientific research and development.
		Intel followed a clever marketing plan to encourage the development of applications for the 4004 chip, leading to its widespread use within months.
		INTEL 4004 - Microprocessor introduced in 1970 with the speed of 108KHz was the worlds first microprocessor.
	www.bellevuelinux.org /4004.html (2004 words)

	Intel 4004 microprocessor family
		The first microprocessor in history, Intel 4004 was a 4-bit CPU designed for usage in calculators, or, as we say now, designed for "embedded applications".
		Although the Intel 4004 was perfect fit for calculators and similar applications it was not very suitable for microcomputer use due to its somewhat limited architecture.
		As the first microprocessor in history, the Intel 4004 is very popular with CPU collectors and non-collectors.
	www.cpu-world.com /CPUs/4004/index.html (0 words)

	Intel 4004
		Intel had a prototype of this central processor since 1969 and the costs of development were already paid for.
		Now Intel had to make a choice: either they shelved the project or the chip could be used as model for a chip that Intel could make and pay for by them selves.
		So the first single chip CPU was the Intel 4004.
	www.thocp.net /hardware/intel_4004.htm (0 words)

	The Computer History Museum and the Intel Museum to Hold Celebratory Event for the 35th Anniversary of The Intel(R) ...
		Intel, which had been making memory chips, used the 4004 as a technical and marketing launch pad to develop an expertise in microprocessors that, in quick time, made it a market leader.
		In celebration of this milestone anniversary and the November 15, 2006 opening of Intel Museum's new exhibit entitled, "The Intel 4004 Microprocessor," Intel 4004 designers Ted Hoff and Federico Faggin take center stage with a historical perspective on the evolution of the 4004, from a special-order from Japanese calculator manufacturer Busicom, to a mass-produced device.
		Additionally, Tim McNerney, who assembled and led a talented team of engineers and designers to create the Intel 4004 35th anniversary exhibit with the Intel Museum and the Intel Corporate Archives, will be invited to speak at the conclusion of the panel.
	www.redorbit.com /news/technology/723966/the_computer_history_museum_and_the_intel_museum_to_hold/index.html?source=r_technology (796 words)

	FastSilicon.com :: Hardware So Fast It Burns... - Intel - Past And Present - A History
		Intel was approached in 1969 by Japanese calculator manufacturer Busicom to design 12 custom chips to power their new business calculator.
		This new chip was released in 1971 and was known as the Intel 4004.
		The 4004 was a 2300 transistor 4bit CPU that operated at a maximum clock of 740 Khz.
	www.fastsilicon.com /content/view/63/27 (498 words)

	Intel Micros
		The Intel 4004 Microprocessor, which debuted thirty years ago Thursday, sparked a technological revolution because it was the first product to fuse the essential elements of a programmable computer into a single chip.
		The 4004 was designed to be a calculator component for a Japanese manufacturer, which initially owned all rights to the chip.
		Intel founder Bob Noyce, for instance, started to question whether the 4004 had broader implications, recalled Vadasz.
	www.smecc.org /intel.htm (1443 words)

	Computer Processor Information (CPU)
		INTEL 80286 (Code Name: P2) - Microprocessor introduced by Intel in 1982 which commonly is referred to as the 286 processor.
		INTEL PENTIUM II (Code Name: Klamath) - Initially the Pentium II 233MHz was released in 1997 and introduced a new physical architecture which encased a circuit board within a plastic case.
		Intel disabled this feature by default and allowed it to be enabled after releasing the chip.
	www.computerhope.com /help/cpu.htm (1655 words)

	FOXNews.com - Intel Celebrates 35th Birthday of First Silicon-Based Microprocessor - Technology News \| News On ...
		From the introduction of Intel's 4004 chip in 1971 to today's quad-core desktop chips with four processing engines, the evolution of the commercial microprocessor has come a long way in just 35 years.
		Intel (INTC) managed to deliver the four chips to Busicom by March of 1971 and Busicom eventually sold 100,000 141-PF printing calculators, according to Hoff.
		In large part, it was the last-minute rush to meet Busicom's deadline that helped Intel edge out Texas Instruments (TXN) — a company that was also close to completing its own microprocessor in 1971 —; and marked an important (and lucrative) change for a company whose previous focus was solely on making memory chips.
	www.foxnews.com /story/0,2933,230234,00.html (894 words)

	Intel 4004 35th Anniversary Project
		These Intel chips are expensive and in short supply, but if there is sufficient interest in more affordable replicas built using modern chips yet still running the original Busicom software, we would be happy to oblige.
		The Intel 4004 is widely considered to be the world's first microprocessor.
		Intel brought in their marketing agency to design the overall look of the exhibit.
	www.4004.com (0 words)

	Intel's First Microprocessor—the Intel 4004
		The Intel® 4004 microprocessor, introduced in November 1971, started an electronics revolution that changed our world.
		Intel's engineers proposed a new design: a family of just four chips, including one that could be programmed for use in a variety of products.
		Intel offered Busicom a lower price for the chips in return for securing the rights to the microprocessor design and the rights to market it for non-calculator applications.
	www.intel.com /museum/archives/4004.htm?iid=about+spot_4004 (0 words)

	Geek.com Geek News - Intel 4004 turns 30
		The 4004 contained enough elements to be put on 16 chips, and combining it all into the 4004 began a series of chips that eventually led to today's desktop computers.
		Intel states, "We got into the computer business more or less by mistake." CNET has a big article all about it.
		The #1 neat thing about the 4004 was that it was a static processor, meaning, you could literally hook it to a pushbutton 'clock' and with LED's, watch the various pins go hi & lo as the instructions trickled through the core.
	www.geek.com /news/geeknews/2001nov/bch20011114008862.htm (983 words)

	Intel's accidental revolution \| CNET News.com
		The 4004 was essentially the brainchild of three engineers: Ted Hoff, Stan Mazor and Federico Faggin.
		Vadasz, president of Intel Capital, the chipmaker's investment arm, and one of the managers of the 4004.
		While the 4004 became the first microprocessor, Intel's total package consisted of four chips: the 4001, a read-only memory (ROM) chip for storing software; the 4002, a random access memory (RAM) chip for data storage; and the 4003, an input-output device.
	news.com.com /2009-1001-275806.html (1421 words)

	The Intel 4004
		The 4004 was the first semiconductor device that provided, at the chip level, the functions of a computer.
		The 4004 contains the two basic architectural building blocks that are still found in today's microcomputers: the arithmetic and logic unit and the control unit.
		The 4004 family is also referred to as the MCS-4.
	www.antiquetech.com /chips/4004.htm (0 words)

	Intel 4004 Chip - Internals (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The time was 1969 and Busicom was planning to sell high-performance calculators for scientific calculations, etc and gave orders to the newly started Intel to produce 13 different types of semi-conductors.
		At the time Intel was still procrastinating whether they should go with this production or not.
		The reason for the procrastination was that Intel had previously only produced three types of product.
	www.xnumber.com /xnumber/intel_4004i.htm (222 words)

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