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	Intensive farming - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Intensive agriculture is an agricultural production system characterized by the high inputs as relative to land area (as opposed to extensive farming).
		Intensive agriculture made it possible to greatly increase productivity during the twentieth century, and helped ensure a proper and stable food supply for the growing population while at the same time decreasing the amount of land needed.
		Intensive farming of animals such as battery-hens, and crated veal calves (see Industrial agriculture) is considered by some to be cruel.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Intensive_farming (334 words)

	Adoption and Viability Criteria for Semi-Intensive Fish Farming: A report on a socio-economic study in Ruvuma and Mbeya ...
		The purpose of the socio-economic study was to identify the factors critical to the adoption and economical viability of semi-intensive fish farming.
		For the purpose of the study, semi-intensive fish farming was defined as a practice where feeds were applied at least twice per week and fertilizer at least once per week.
		Despite their positive inclination towards fish farming, respondents preferred to diversify their farm activities and allocate the income derived from fish farming into activities whose benefits are better known.
	www.fao.org /docrep/005/AD001E/AD001E05.htm (1380 words)

	Aquamedia: Intensive Farming Technology
		The intensive on-growing of marine and freshwater fishes, mainly salmon and, more recently, of trout, sea bass and sea bream is often carried out using marine, floating enclosures such as net cages.
		Other developments of cage farming concern the construction of submersible cages (which, so far, have not provided the same economic performances as floating cages) and automation of feeding and control by the use of computers.
		Some cage farming is also practised in freshwater lakes, mostly for the growing of (juvenile) salmonids and coregonids.
	www.feap.info /production/culturemethods/intensive_en.asp (546 words)

	spiked-science \| Article \| Intensive farming debates
		Big, modern, industrial farming - with its machine-milked cows and chemical-drenched crops - has been blamed for everything from the spread of disease to the destruction of the countryside to the collapse of British morale.
		Is intensive farming to blame for the foot-and-mouth outbreak?
		If you check the sizes of the Cumbrian farms that have caught the virus, they are nearly all small to medium operations with 200 to 1000 sheep or 50 to 300 cattle.
	www.spiked-online.com /Articles/000000005542.htm (1898 words)

	The Winchester Star-10. Intensive Farming (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Intensive farms occupy land that might have been turned into housing developments if the farmer opted to sell his farm, Sours said.
		Because of the intensive farming concerns — Hickory Green Dairy would be Clarke County’s first intensive farm — two committees were formed and studied the intensive farming issue throughout the spring and summer of 2000.
		In the end, the supervisors passed new intensive livestock regulations (based on suggestions from the committees) that would affect future intensive farms — Lee’s farm won’t be affected because the process started prior to the new regulations.
	www.winchesterstar.com /TheWinchesterStar/001226/Area_ten.asp (833 words)

	Sustainable bio-intensive farming system: An innovation for sustainable livelihoods
		It encourages cooperation between farming communities and researchers for proper identification, documentation, conservation and utilization of the biological diversity for the benefit of local farming communities, in particular, and for human beings, in general.
		The farmer managed model demonstration farms; maintenance of seed purity and improvement of local crop varieties with high food values in the farms by the farmers themselves; seed storage at household level and farmer-to-farmer information, education, communication and extension are the essential components of this technology.
		The model demonstration farms are the nodal points, which serve to be the field laboratory of the farmer, managed by the farmers and used for demonstration, dissemination or extension of technology to the members of the farming communities.
	www.newfarm.org /international/gleanings/2003/march/nepal_comment.shtml (2588 words)

	Stung by success: Intensive farming may suppress pollinating bees
		Intensive, industrial-scale farming may be damaging one of the very natural resources that successful crops require: pollinating bees.
		In farms studied in and around the Sacramento Valley in California, concentrated farming appeared to reduce bee populations by eliminating natural habitats and poisoning them with pesticides, the researchers reported.
		The researchers spent two years examining watermelon farms located at varying distances from oak woodlands and chaparral habitats that are native to the Sacramento Valley.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2002-12/pu-sbs120902.php (870 words)

	Intensive pig farming - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Intensive piggeries (or hog lots) are a type of concentrated animal feeding operation specialized for the raising of domestic pigs up to slaughterweight.
		Outdoor pig farming may also have welfare implications, for example, pigs kept outside may get sunburnt and are more susceptible to heat stress than in indoor systems, where air conditioning or similar can be used 8 9.
		In an intensive system, the sow will be placed in a stall prior to service (mating) and will stay there for at least the start of her pregnancy, where the risk of miscarriage is higher.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Intensive_pig_farming (1655 words)

	fishfarming.com - experts in aquaculture, fish farming, shrimp aquaculture and tilapia farming
		Shrimp farming continues to be one of the fastest growing sectors of the entire aquaculture industry.
		Farms in the Americas typically have large ponds (8-15 hectares) and these are not ideal for recirculation technology.
		While Asia has a greater percentage of farms that are intensive, the West is rapidly advancing new methods of production that definitely have the potential to revolutionize the industry.
	www.fishfarming.com /shrimp.html (1046 words)

	09/18/01 -- Intensive farming blamed for Europe's food crisis
		Intensive agriculture - once lauded for producing an abundance of cheap food for the masses - is now public enemy No. 1, blamed for striking British cattle with a disease that has killed hundreds of herds and an increasing number of people.
		The cabinet office said earlier in the crisis that intensive farming methods adopted since the 1960s were partly to blame for the current outbreak.
		By destroying hedgerows, and by the widespread use of pesticides, intensive farming is responsible for big declines in birds, endangering harvest mice and threatening hedgehogs, critics say.
	forests.org /archive/europe/infablam.htm (1011 words)

	Intensive farming 'is partly to blame' for rapid spread of foot-and-mouth
		Intensive farming 'is partly to blame' for rapid spread of foot-and-mouth
		Intensive farming methods adopted since the 1960s are partly to blame for the rapid spread of foot-and-mouth disease, the first government report on the crisis has concluded.
		The Cabinet Office report said the increase in sheep trading, the growth of larger farms and the closure of abattoirs contributed to the uncontrolled spread of the virus.
	www.organicconsumers.org /madcow/intensive5401.cfm (449 words)

	ACES Publications : ANR-0987
		Shrimp farming in the U.S. is concentrated in the south of Texas and in South Carolina.
		Extensive farming usually requires large ponds and a lot of acreage while intensive farming is done in smaller ponds of 1 to 10 acres.
		The farming and husbandry of freshwater and marine organisms.
	www.aces.edu /pubs/docs/A/ANR-0987 (1225 words)

	GEO Year Book 2006
		According to the degree of intervention, shrimp farming is classified as extensive, semiintensive or intensive.
		Intensive farming implies increased stocking density, higher inputs of antibiotics, nutritional additives and probiotics, as a means of achieving extremely high productivity, all of these leading to greater generation of wastes.
		The enormous quantity of faeces and feed waste resulting from intensive shrimp farming has resulted in the pollution of canal water, eutrophication of coastal areas, and the spread of human disease.
	www.unep.org /geo/yearbook/yb2006/073.asp (419 words)

	About Shrimp Farming
		The nursery phase of shrimp farming, when postlarvae are cultured at high densities in small earthen ponds, tanks and raceways, or even in inclosures within the growout ponds, occurs between the hatchery and growout phases.
		Extensive: Extensive shrimp farming (low-density) is conducted in the tropics, in low-lying impoundments along bays and tidal rivers, often in conjunction with herbivorous fish.
		On semi-intensive farms, with many more shrimp scouring the bottom of the ponds, most of the feed is consumed by the shrimp and less is available to serve as a stimulant to the natural food web.
	www.shrimpnews.com /About.html (6285 words)

	Agriculture
		The intensive farming and integrated farming practices have been introduced to farmers since 1995.
		BFD introducing the concept of intensive rice farming of which proper utilization of chemical fertilizers and use of compost (home produced), better technique for farming, and proper use of insecticide and pesticide are emphasized.
		BFD always aware that the vital factor of agriculture is water as the Khmer proverb says: Thvoe srae ning tuk thvoe soek ning bay (farming with water, warring with rice).
	www.camnet.com.kh /ponlok/V_Agriculture.htm (577 words)

	SUSTAINABLE CHANNEL CATFISH FARM
		The United States Farm Bill of 1990 more narrowly defined the key components of sustainability as: maintaining profitability, supplying food and fiber needs, using non-renewable resources efficiently, enhancing renewable resources and improving the quality of life in rural areas.
		While the U.S. catfish farming industry has not experienced the catastrophies observed in the shrimp farming industry, it has manifested several of the warning signs which indicate production is at the upper limits of carrying capacity.
		The additional costs and risk of intensive catfish farming might not be acceptable for the 1.0- to 5.0-acre producer.
	www.ca.uky.edu /wkrec/SustainableCatfishFarming.htm (2466 words)

	The Winchester Star-Intensive Livestock Group Seeks Middle Ground (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Clarke officials started looking at the impact of intensive farming after White Post dairy farmer Edward B. Lee III announced plans expand his dairy herd to 1,600 cows — making it the largest in the state.
		Coming up with regulations for future intensive farming (Lee’s expansion will be unaffected because it was set in motion under the current zoning ordinance) was a difficult task for the committee members.
		Intensive Livestock Committee member and Farnley Farm manager Justin Mackay-Smith said the committee had to be careful when writing its recommendations because it didn’t want to place too many restrictions on agricultural uses that are already in place.
	www.winchesterstar.com /TheWinchesterStar/000129/Area_cow.asp (1025 words)

	Growing for good: Intensive farming, sustainability and New Zealand's environment [Parliamentary Commissioner for the ...
		Growing for good is a major investigation into the sustainability of intensive farming in New Zealand.
		It examines key trends and the local and global influences on farming, and draws on research and over 150 interviews in outlining a redesign of farming for a sustainable future.
		Immediate action is needed to remedy the pollution from farms, to manage the use of nitrogen fertilisers, and to deal with contamination of waterways.
	www.pce.govt.nz /reports/allreports/1_877274_51_8.shtml (494 words)

	Pig Farming
		This method is called "intensive farming", or “factory farming", because large numbers of animals are crowded into small spaces as in a factory production line.
		For all farm animals a major source of fear and distress is being herded into trucks for transport to the slaughterhouse.
		In addition, intensively housed pigs have the added distress of living in an uncomfortable and crowded environment that doesn't allow them to express their normal behaviour.
	www.animalliberation.org.au /pigs.php (2796 words)

	CANTERBURY ANIMAL RESPECT NETWORK HOMEPAGE 2002 - FACTORY/INTENSIVE FARMING - 2
		Farmed ducks are reared for meat and eggs.
		In intensive farms, thousands of these miserable, essentially wild, dejected creatures struggle around the huge dark stinking dirty barren shed in which they are incarcerated day after day.
		In the factory farm, their beak tips - which have a rich supply of nerves - may be cut off with a hot blade, causing the birds extreme pain for as along as they are alive.
	www.carn-age.org.uk /intfarm2.html (4781 words)

	The Horrors Of Intensive Salmon Farming Ecologist, The - Find Articles
		Traditional fish farming mimicked a natural ecosystem and incorporated a wide variety of fish species, each of which occupied a different ecological niche.
		It is no surprise, perhaps, that the average life-span of an intensive salmon farm of this sort is at most 15 years, after which allocated spaces are so polluted that they must be relocated elsewhere.
		A statement from the Scottish government has clarified its predictable priorities: `concentrating on fewer, larger farms has obvious economic benefits for producer companies,' it insists, before adding, `it is important that health standards are maintained, as the spread of infectious diseases could result in a major financial loss"[7].
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2465/is_5_31/ai_76285487 (857 words)

	Adoption and Viability Criteria for Semi-Intensive Fish Farming: A report on a socio-economic study in Ruvuma and Mbeya ...
		The study was meant to identify criteria for the adoption and viability of semi-intensive fish farming among rural populations.
		Respondents perceive fish farming to be advantageous as compared with other farm activities in terms of marketability, source of relish and risks involved.
		The purpose was to identify adoption and viability criteria for semi-intensive fish farming.
	www.fao.org /docrep/005/AD001E/AD001E00.htm (1159 words)

	Amazon.com: Intensive Fish Farming: Books: C. Jonathan Shepherd,Niall R. Bromage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Intensive systems require a high degree of technical and management skill, enabling fish to be produced on a predictable volume basis to correspond with the needs of modern food processing and distribution.
		Now available in paperback, Intensive Fish Farming explains, at a level suited to both the professional and the student, the environmental requirements of fish, the different husbandry systems used, the problems of reprduction, nutrition and disease control.
		This book is about the intensive cultivation of finfish and has been written in order to give an up-to-date picture of how this branch of the 'aquaculture' industry is developing worldwide.
	www.amazon.com /Intensive-Fish-Farming-Jonathan-Shepherd/dp/063203467X (916 words)

	Intensive farming - Intro
		In the intensive farming, the irrigation water generally contains high values of bicarbonates and other chemical elements that influence the pH, raising it to high levels, which induces deprivation of nutrients
		As a consequence, harm and deterioration of yield and quality of farming is pro-duced.
		nutrients, fundamentally increasing the growth and yield in the farming, as well as lowering of iron, sodium, or copper (explained further on).
	www.mundi.com /agrieng2.html (315 words)

	Farming and Pheasants in Colorado
		In Colorado, weather conditions and intensive farming contributed to their decline.
		Intensive farming decreases the amount of protective habitats.
		A variety of Crops rotated within each section or farm is more likely to provide the basic needs of pheasants than monocultures.
	www.ext.colostate.edu /pubs/natres/06512.html (1453 words)

	The Independent, June 14, 2000 - Angry Trent Riverresidents ready to stop intensive hog farming
		Welsh was present in the Ontario court in Peterborough last February 17 when potential hog farm operator James Faux attempted to bypass an interim control bylaw which prevented him from building his farm near Trent River.
		At the time, Welsh said that he was happy with the decision, and now his group had to ensure that municipalities and the province put legislation in place that would stop intensive farming operations from ruining the rural way of life.
		Welsh said that there are numerous negative issues surrounding intensive hog farming, such as surface water contamination, groundwater contamination, and liquid manure storage lagoons.
	www.indynews.ca /archives/news/newsJune2000/IFOTrent06142000.html (723 words)

	FactoryFarm.org: Canada: Information & Resources
		This fact sheet, created by The Beyond Factory Farming Coalition, examines how the spread of Avian Flu can be controlled by focusing on intensive poultry operations and not the confinement of backyard flocks (which are erroneously assumed to be the prevalent flu vector).
		For Canadian farm families and their net incomes, 2004 was the second-worst year in history.
		Farm towns have a distinct odor that residents are used to.
	www.factoryfarm.org /canada (1721 words)

	The Hindu : Opinion / News Analysis : Bird flu: intensive farming link
		Animal farming and man's intrusion into the environment are major factors in the spread of new diseases.
		Wherever [industrial farming] is introduced it creates ecological and public health disasters," she says.
		Others argue that intensive confinement of animals promotes emerging viruses, stokes the development of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria and can transform animals into disease "factories." According to Hans-Gerhard Wagner, an officer of the UN Food and Agriculture Organisation based in Thailand, the "intensive industrial farming of livestock is now an opportunity for emerging diseases."
	www.hindu.com /2006/02/23/stories/2006022304231100.htm (964 words)

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