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Topic: Intentional programming

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	Technology Review: Part II: Anything You Can Do, I Can Do Meta
		Substitute software for benches, ÂClifford is saying, and you'll understand intentional programming--so named because programmers are focused on the way their customers intend a program to work, and not on the clutter of code required to implement those intentions.
		Intentional programming is similar in concept to what-you-see-is-what-you-get word processing programs, which Charles ÂSimonyi, Clifford's boss, pioneered.
		Trend towards 'intentionality' and its conclusion by padraig 1/28/2007 1:52 PM The ultimate conclusion of this trend is intelligent agents, small autonomous programs that understand you, your needs, and your preferences.
	www.technologyreview.com /Infotech/18021/page5 (1321 words)

	Intentional Programming - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In computer programming, intentional programming is a collection of concepts which enable software source code to reflect the precise information, called intention, which programmers had in mind when conceiving their work.
		Key to the benefits of IP (and a likely barrier to acceptance from the programming community) is that source code is not stored in text files, but in a proprietary binary file that bears a resemblance to XML.
		The key difference is that the source code has lost the semantic level that the intentional programming systems maintain, and in larger programs this can dramatically ease readability.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Intentional_Programming (955 words)

	Intentional programming at opensource encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Intentional programming is the name given to a collection of concepts in computer programming which attempt to make the tasks of writing and maintaining computer programs easier.
		In "normal" programming systems the program is represented by a series of text files known as source code.
		The identity of "i" varies, a common feature of most programming languages, which define identity based on the file the symbol is in, the "scope", and various other rules.
	www.wiki.tatet.com /Intentional_programming.html (785 words)

	Finding Lisp (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Intentional Programming, says Simonyi, aims to move beyond conventional text-based programming languages using a system based on an abstract tree structure stored in a database.
		The idea is that you separate the "intention" of a program, from its expression as a text-based representation.
		The difference is that with intentional programming, the database tree is the master and everything else is a projection.
	www.findinglisp.com /blog/2004/07/intentional-programming-groundbreaking.html (1465 words)

	SCS DISTINGUISHED LECTURE SERIES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Intentions are "development-time" objects that encapsulate all behaviors of programming abstractions in an integrated development environment.
		Intentional programming is the assemblage of programs from intention instances, just as programming in a high level language is the assemblage of programs from syntactic instances of the fixed set of abstractions of the given language.
		Intentional programming brings the benefits of objects to a new area: to the programming process itself.
	www.cs.cmu.edu /afs/cs/user/copetas/www/public/calendar/simonyi.html (356 words)

	Program Transformation Wiki / Intentional Programming
		Intentional programming developed at Microsoft Research [Ait98] is a method for extending a language with new constructs or intentions.
		The intentions are defined at the meta-level of language definition.
		Several of the aims of and techniques used in intentional programming are very similar to those of the ASFandSDFMetaEnvironment.
	www.program-transformation.org /Transform/IntentionalProgramming (383 words)

	Weblogs Forum - Intentional Programming?
		Intentional programming is similar in that it is related the idea of expressing a programmer's intent in the source code.
		However intentional programming usually seems to imply the usage of another less formal language, though I don't believe it is neccessary.
		The program is normally already well factored by design, so there's no point in inserting extra abstractions that are obviously not required by the program.
	www.artima.com /forums/flat.jsp?forum=106&thread=179611 (861 words)

	Intentional Programming : a host of language features (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Programming languages and programming tasks are rarely a perfect fit: often a program could be much clarified by using a number of tailored language features, but the cost of introducing those features in the language is perceived as too high.
		To achieve such modularisation is the goal of {\em Intentional Programming}\footnote{Intentional Programming~\cite{simonyi96,simonyi99} is the brainchild of the founder of Microsoft's applications division Charles Simonyi.}; language features are called {\em intentions} to emphasise the fact that language features can be tailored to the programmer's wishes.
		It is critical that programs developed via Intentional Programming are not any less efficient than those developed by traditional means.
	www-users.cs.umn.edu /~evw/Papers/ip.html (307 words)

	ipedia.com: Object-oriented programming Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Similarly, many programming languages have a specific view to OOP that is less general in certain aspects from the more general definition.
		Object-based programming is centered around the creation of objects and their interactions, but may not have some of the key features of the class-based object-oriented paradigm such as inheritance.
		Object-oriented programming "took off" as the dominant programming methodology during the mid-1980s, largely due to the influence of C++, an extension of the C programming language.
	www.ipedia.com /object_oriented_programming_1.html (2835 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In the context of intentional programming, such a requirement cannot be considered, as it would compromise the compositionality that we set out to achieve." THINK the related work section mentions Cornell's Polya and Reasoning Systems' "Reasoning.5" code base management system.
		Because of the concreteness of conventional, mainstream programming languages, one is torn between combinatorial growth of reuse libraries containing components with good run-time performance, or linear growth with poor performance.
		While there are still problems concerning the sociology (and psychology) of programming that stand in the way of general code reuse, we might be getting a little closer to having a chance of fulfilling some of the promises we have been making for the past 10 years.
	www.cs.caltech.edu /~kiniry/bibliography/icsr.bib (9681 words)

	Generative programming - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Generative programming is a style of computer programming that uses automated source code creation through generic classes, templates, aspects, and code generators to improve programmer productivity.
		It is often related to code-reuse topics such as component-oriented programming.
		Generative Programming: Methods, Tools, and Applications by Krzysztof Czarnecki and Ulrich W. Eisenecker, Addison Wesley, 2000.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Generative_programming (89 words)

	PC Magazine: The Programming Gene (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Intentional programming will move communication with the computer far closer to human terms.
		His perspective on programming echoes the new thinking in evolutionary biology, which asserts that the gene rather than the organism (whether human or worker bee) is the real entity engaged in the Darwinian competition.
		Intentional software, in theory, would provide a series of tools and a framework in which engineers, businesspeople, and graphic artists would state their problems, and then transformer programs—some written by human programmers and some automatically generated—would produce machine code that a computer can process.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_zdpcm/is_200209/ai_ziff29462 (900 words)

	More on Intentional Programming [Tesugen]
		If you defined intentions for all abstractions in Java, and defined their syntax according to the Java language specification, and loaded them into your IP kernel, you could, from what I understand, write Java programs.
		Compiling in IP is called “reduction,” because the xmethods for the intentions in the IP tree are invoked until all that remains is a tree with the most primitive intentions – that is, something approximating Java bytecodes.
		These intentions in turn are built from other intentions, and after a series of reductions, you end up with only basic primitive intentions, which is the form you would ship your product in, I guess.
	tesugen.com /archives/02/06/more-on-intentional-programming (965 words)

	Concept Programming vs. Intentional Programming (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		From a simplistic point of view, Intentional Programming is a WYSIWYG representation of programs.
		The concept programming tools as presented on this page are alternative, and simpler, methods to achieve results similar to Intentional Programming.
		However, Intentional Programming is also a programming philosophy: representing the programmer's "intentions".
	mozart-dev.sourceforge.net /cp-vs-ip.html (140 words)

	The Death of Computer Languages, The Birth of Intentional Programming
		This paper presents the idea of the intention as an abstraction mechanism, and an integrated development system which may be used to develop systems using intentions.
		Software encoded intentionally can be said to be immortal, in that its meaning can be sustained independently of the long term progress in programming notation and implementation techniques.
		The independence and self-sufficiency of intentions might well create first a market in abstractions or "language features", followed by the long sought-after dream of a software componentry market.
	research.microsoft.com /scripts/pubs/view.asp?TR_ID=MSR-TR-95-52 (262 words)

	The Old Joel on Software Forum - Your Thought on IP (Intentional Programming)
		In essence, an "intention" is just an object with methods for editing and viewing it, and other methods to generate code for it.
		Intentional programming is a terrific way to get research grants.
		What I find disturbing about the IP examples in Generative Programming is that if you look at the screenshots, in an environment where variable typing is basically built-in and the whole system engineered so you can't produce type errors...
	discuss.fogcreek.com /joelonsoftware?cmd=show&ixPost=174783&ixReplies=25 (1558 words)

	Intentional Programming
		Intentional Programming was a research project at Microsoft Research until Spring 2001.
		You would be able to edit or view your intents in your choice of programming languages (assuming a translator is installed in the IP system).
		Conversion of legacy code to IntentionalProgramming format is one of the potential uses, however IntentionalProgramming would eventually be used as the preferred representation for all programs, so translation to/from other forms would not result in loss of anything.
	www.c2.com /cgi/wiki?IntentionalProgramming (595 words)

	Smart Software: Intentional Programming, Again
		Looks like there is a video on Intentional Programming demonstrating a prototype.
		Intentional Programming aims to abstract away programming languages, though it can display code in any arbitrary language.
		Intentional Programming can display code in a various ways: C code, Java code, an outline of a parse tree, and many other ways.
	wesnerm.blogs.com /net_undocumented/2004/06/intentional_pro_1.html (286 words)

	Smart Software: Intentional Programming
		Intentional Programming was coined by Charles Simonyi, a famous Microsoft Distinguished Engineer, who helped bring Word.
		Intentional Software Corporation will develop tools and technology based on a synthesis of recent innovations including aspect-oriented programming (AOP), generative (or transformational) programming (GP), intentional programming (IP), model-integrated computing (MIC) and others.
		It seems that Intentional Programming is attempting to approach some of these qualities of the natural language, but with code formulation as the byproduct.
	wesnerm.blogs.com /net_undocumented/2004/06/intentional_pro.html (563 words)

	Department of Computer Science - The University of Iowa
		Programming languages and programming tasks are rarely a perfect fit: a program can often be clarified by using a number of language features tailored to the task at hand.
		Achieving such modularization is the goal of Intentional Programming.
		Although it is but a small extension to standard higher-order attribute grammars it provides some of the modularity features we would like in implementing extensible programming languages.
	www.cs.uiowa.edu /Events/Colloquia/2002/04-26.html (285 words)

	EDGE Digerati: The WYSIWYG - Charles Simonyi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Simonyi, born in Budapest, Hungary, holds a bachelor of science degree in engineering mathematics from the University of California at Berkeley and a doctorate in computer science from Stanford University.
		In 1991, he moved to Microsoft Research where he has been focusing on Intentional Programming.
		He is generally thought of as one of the most talented programmers at Microsoft.
	www.edge.org /digerati/simonyi/simonyi_p1.html (261 words)

	Finding Lisp (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		On the BART ride, I had Boston blasting on my Sony MD player and was reading Interactive Programming Environments, an old book that has a bunch of interesting papers on Lisp, including one by Greenblatt, Knight, Holloway, Moon, and Weinreb about the original MIT Lisp Machine that complements very well the MIT CADR research report.
		I would think that a Lisp machine would be easier to program, far more debuggable, etc. There was a lot of work for a while on processors that would execute Java byte code.
		yesterday in my blog entry about intentional programming, I was browsing Planet Lisp and saw Glen Ehrlich's blog entry about Tayssir John Gabbour posting some of Antonio Menezes Leitao's papers on the ALU site (how's that for a twisted chain of references, eh?).
	www.findinglisp.com /blog/archives/2004_07_01_archive.html (3458 words)

	Intentional Programming (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Yet when we delegate tasks to the computer by programming, we focus entirely on "How", namely the implementation, and we often neglect to record the "Why", which we will term the "intention".
		The talk will present a transformational schema where programs are expressed in terms of intentions and the transformations of the intentions into implementation.
		The schema is supported by an interactive technology that permits direct manipulation of the source trees of intentions.
	www.eecs.berkeley.edu /Colloquium/Archives/00-01/2000.1025.Simonyi.html (348 words)

	Abstractionless programming \| Lambda the Ultimate
		So the idea is to have a language where it is impossible to create abstractions, but rather the programming environment continuously refactors for you as you edit (yes this is a tall order, bear with me).
		IP was discussed on LtU: Intentional Programming Overview and Intentional Programming FAQ.
		My intentions are to be as close to a general purpose language as I can manage.
	lambda-the-ultimate.org /node/view/17 (2814 words)

	ACM Queue - Extensible Programming for the 21st Century - Is an open, more flexible programming environment just around ...
		That intentional programming is not directly mentioned is a serious shortcoming in the article.
		For example imagine you are programming in LISP and someone writes an extension which lets them do object orientation, do you want to have to read through all of their automatically generated code to make lists look like objects when you don't have the same extension.
		As for why are programs text files rather than xml documents or the like I'm afraid this is alot like those predictions that all programers are going to start using strongly typed languages, or no one will ever use a language without static array bounds checking again.
	www.acmqueue.com /modules.php?name=Content&pa=showcomments&pid=247 (4018 words)

	OSNews.com
		There is a chapter about Intentional Programming in the book by Czarnecki/Eisenecker on Generative Programming (fl with a Tangram game displayed).
		The idea in Intentional Programming is about describing the software not only in one format (like a Java programm) but with many different descriptions.
		You describe exactly what the case people have been trying for years, trying to simplify programming by mapping various programming parts (aka functions) into different kind of diagram types, according to the problem.
	www.osnews.com /comment.php?news_id=7684 (1350 words)

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