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	Interborough Rapid Transit Company - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Interborough Rapid Transit Company (IRT) was the operator of the original underground New York City Subway line that opened in 1904, as well as earlier and additional rapid transit lines in the City of New York.
		The IRT today operates as a subway in Manhattan, except for a short stretch across at 125th Street and in northernmost Manhattan.
		The IRT was purchased by the City in June 1940.
	www.bexley.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Interborough_Rapid_Transit_Company (511 words)

	Transit Police History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Since both the IRT and the competing BMT (Brooklyn-Manhattan Transit) lines were privately financed and built, they had no police, but only their own private security personnel.
		Discussions between the City and the New York City Transit Authority produced a memorandum of understanding, and on April 2, 1995, the NYC Transit Police was consolidated with the New York City Police Department to become a new Bureau within the NYPD.
		The Transit Bureau has entered the new millennium and shall continue to provide dedicated police protection to the nation's largest rapid transit system in the 21st century.
	keystonecops.bizland.com /transit.htm (1281 words)

	Information on Rapid transit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		A rapid transit, underground, subway, elevated, or metro system is a Railway system, usually in an Urban area, that usually has high capacity and frequency, with large trains and total or near total grade separation from other traffic.
		Conversely, those who prefer the American "rapid transit" or the newer (when used in English) term "metro" tend to view this as a less important characteristic and are pleased to include systems that are entirely elevated or at ground level (at grade) as long as the other criteria are met.
		Most rapid transit systems use conventional railway tracks, although since tracks in subway tunnels are not exposed to wet weather, they are often fixed to the floor rather than resting on Track ballast.
	www.information-resource.net /search/Metro.html (5449 words)

	IRT: The First Subway (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Interborough Rapid Transit Subway, or IRT, was the first subway company in New York City.
		Even with elevated train lines springing up around the city, the need for an underground rapid transit railroad was obvious as a solution to street congestion and to assist development in outlying areas.
		The IRT subway had not even opened yet when this set of new route proposals was floated to the Rapid Transit Commission in February, 1904.
	www.nycsubway.org /irt/irtsubway.html (565 words)

	Engineering Project (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In his view, the IRT would be “an opportunity not only to make vast profits, but also to build a transit empire second to none.” [4] Belmont brought the financial experience to see that the IRT didn’t fall short of necessary funding.
		The IRT was one of few subway systems operating in the world so engineers projected a wide margin of use for the subway.
		In part, the IRT’s success is due to the ethical considerations of its designers; without them, the IRT may have been built hastily without the necessary safety precautions.
	www.pitt.edu /~bla2/project.html (4889 words)

	The History of Vermont Transit written in 1945
		Transit officials take some pride in the safety record of the line but have never reached for the type to tell about it as a matter of policy.
		Vermont Transit is one of the first lines to collaborate with an out of state network in setting up through routes between metropolitan points without change of schedule.
		The Burlington Rapid Transit with 20 buses is still run side by side with the Vermont Transit it begot.
	www.vermonttransit.com /history.html (3107 words)

	Interborough Strike of 1919 by G.J. Christiano - The Third Rail - 1/03 - Page 11
		The Brotherhood of Interborough Rapid Transit Employees (“Brotherhood”) was formed by the I.R.T. as a company union to fulfill the terms of the New York Railways surface lines agreement as it would apply to the rapid transit employees of the I.R.T. The surface agreement was a result of the NYR surface strike of August, 1916.
		The I.R.T. would undoubtedly have liked to keep their employees from having any opportunity for organization and independent representation, but it didn’t appear they would be able to pull it off.
		At its conclusion the Mayor asked Frank Hedley, general manager of the Interborough, if he would turn his lines over to the city, since he had testified they were financially "busted." Hedley said he would not.
	www.thethirdrail.net /0301/strike11.htm (582 words)

	Interborough Strike of 1919 by G.J. Christiano - The Third Rail - 1/03 - Page 6
		Transit Company, which had held the traveling public of Manhattan in a grip of congestion and unprecedented discomfort since Sunday morning, was settled last night.
		The chief arteries of the rapid transit system of the borough will be opened to normal flow of traffic this morning.
		According to officials of the Public Service Commission it was clearly understood by the heads of the Interborough company in reaching the agreement with the Brotherhood of Interborough Employes that no attempt should be made to increase fares in order to meet the advance in wages.
	www.thethirdrail.net /0301/strike6.htm (653 words)

	rapid transit -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Rapid transit is distinguished from other forms of mass transit by its operation on exclusive right-of-way, with no access for other vehicles or for pedestrians.
		Modern mass transit is an outgrowth of industrialization and urbanization and is an important feature of the separation of industrial...
		Light rail transit lines are more segregated from street traffic than are tramways (particularly in congested urban areas) but less so than are rapid...
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9062706 (781 words)

	FindLaw for Legal Professionals - Case Law, Federal and State Resources, Forms, and Code
		A Board of Rapid Transit Railroad Commissioners with general supervisory powers over the construction and operation of rapid transit lines was authorized and given authority to contract concerning fares; also to issue 'extension certificates' upon such terms, conditions, and requirements as might appear just and proper.
		On March 3, 1928, the Interborough Company filed a supplemental bill reciting the action taken by the commission subsequent to the filing of the original bill, renewed the prayer for relief by injunction and especially asked that further prosecution of the proceedings in the state court, be forbidden.
		The Transit Commission has long held the view that it lacks power to change the five-cent rate established by contract; and it intended to test this point of law by an immediate, orderly appeal to the courts of the state.
	laws.findlaw.com /us/279/159.html (5353 words)

	Interborough Rapid Transit Company - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Interborough Rapid Transit Company (IRT) was the operator of the original underground New York City Subway line that opened in 1904, as well as earlier elevated railways and additional rapid transit lines in the City of New York.
		The IRT today operates as a subway in Manhattan, except for a short stretch across Harlem at 125th Street and in northernmost Manhattan.
		It is connected to the BMT at Queensborough Plaza and major servicing in done at the BMT's Coney Island Yard.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Interborough_Rapid_Transit_Company (492 words)

	Chapter 2: The Prehistory of Rapid Transit in Boston and New York
		During the early 1880's the "hot" method of propulsion in rapid transit was the cable.
		The electrification of rapid transit was a commercial and urban revolution.
		Rapid transit can be seen as a genesis of the industrial era "hub and spoke city" in which transit radiates out from the urban center to homes on the periphery.
	www.trincoll.edu /~ncurtis/blueline/chapter2.html (3641 words)

	New York Subway (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The City decided to issue rapid transit bonds and build the subways itself, and contracted with the Interborough Rapid Transit Company (IRT) to equip and operate the subways, sharing the profits with the City and guaranteeing a fixed five-cent fare.
		The expansion of rapid transit was greatly facilitated by the signing of the Dual Contracts in 1913 between the Interborough Rapid Transit Company and the City of New York on the one hand, and the Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company and the City of New York on the other.
		The Brooklyn-Manhattan Transit Corporation or BMT was a holding company that operated both elevated trains (els) and subways through its subsidiary New York Rapid Transit Corporation, mostly within Brooklyn or connecting Brooklyn to Manhattan and Queens.
	www.webvee.com /articles/n/ne/new_york_subway.html (3677 words)

	Interborough Strike of 1919 by G.J. Christiano - The Third Rail - 1/03 - Page 7
		The rain, the actors' strike and the transit tieup was a combination that few cared to brave.
		Interborough officials had gathered enough men together at midnight to guar- antee normal service by one o'clock, they stated.
		Speaking for the Interborough company, J. Quackenbush, chief coun- cel, declared last night the twenty-five per cent increase in wages for the employes he felt safe in saying that the company would not go into bank- ruptcy before January 1.
	www.thethirdrail.net /0301/strike7.htm (843 words)

	History of the IRT, BMT, and IND Subway Lines
		The names IRT, BMT, and IND were the names of the three competing transit agencies prior to city takeover in the 1940s.
		The IRT is today's 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and S. The Brooklyn-Manhattan Transit (BMT, formerly the Brooklyn Rapid Transit, BRT) was the rapid transit company which built, bought, or assumed control of the Brooklyn Els.
		The Dual Contracts IRT lines were the Seventh Avenue (south from Times Square) and Lexington Avenue (north from Grand Central) lines, the Jerome, White Plains Road, and Pelham Bay Park branches in the Bronx, and the Brooklyn lines beyond Atlantic Avenue.
	www.nycvisit.com /content/index.cfm?pagePkey=354 (562 words)

	Interborough Rapid Transit Company Substation
		his handsome Renaissance-inspired powerhouse was built as part of the initial phase of construction on the Interborough Rapid Transit (IRT) subway.
		Unlike the main generating plant which was designed by one of the most prominent architectural firms of the era, the substations were designed by members of the IRT's own staff.
		The IRT was one of the most important public-works projects ever undertaken in New York.
	www.preserve2.org /gramercy/proposes/ext/ension/108e19.htm (403 words)

	Railway Age: The coming of the subway to New York: a history of the New York City subway as reported in the pages of ...
		The rapid transit problem on Manhattan Island will be pretty effectually solved by the completion of the underground railway, which is to carry passengers from the city hall to Harlem in fifteen minutes.
		The Interborough Rapid Transit Company of New York has just placed in service on its Second Avenue Line an experimental all-steel coach of a type which it is proposed to use subsequently to a large extent in the subway, with such changes as tests of the present car may indicate to be desirable.
		The track mileage of the subways of the Interborough Rapid Transit Company is now 240, the car mileage for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1924, was 124,025,653, and 714,933,187 passengers were carried during that year.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1215/is_6_205/ai_n6143577 (1208 words)

	Interborough Strike of 1919 by G.J. Christiano - The Third Rail - January 2003
		Mayor Hylan in his appeal to the Interborough employes, told them they were merely being used as tools by the Interborough management, which hoped to realize 8-cent fares through the strike.
		One in particular was the one day transit strike August 18-19, 1919 in New York City.
		This strike was notable because of the solidarity of the IRT workers.
	www.thethirdrail.net /0301/strike1.htm (534 words)

	Brian J. Cudahy - The New York Subway: Its Construction And Equipment Interborough Rapid Transit 1904 - 0823224015 - ...
		When the first cars of New York's new underground railroad left City Hall station on October 27, 1904, they were the property of a private firm called the Interborough Rapid Transit, running on public tracks.
		The IRT realized what seemed an impossible dream for more than 30 years - financing, designing, and building an underground railroad that ran from lower Manhattan right to the Bronx.
		Ground was broken in 1900; four years later, New Yorkers would ride uptown and down on the rapid transit railroad they called "the subway." sSo spectacular was the achievement, and so proud was the IRT, that the company published this testament to the massive public work it had just completed.
	bookpicker.com /book/0823224015/The+New+York+Subway:+Its+Construction+And+Equipment+Interborough+Rapid+Transit+1904.html (356 words)

	The Third Rail Online Magazine of Rapid Transit Index
		The Brotherhood of Interborough Rapid Transit Employees, a company union, launched an amazing 100% percent effective strike against the entire IRT rapid transit system and the Manhattan els, winning a 25% across the board pay hike.
		Not included in the expanded system was New York's "forgotten" borough and the Staten Island Rapid Transit Railway Company and its 22 route miles of electric lines, which stayed with its parent Baltimore and Ohio Railroad for another 31 years.
		The Brooklyn-Manhattan Transit Corporation's influence extended far beyond the borders of its namesake borough, New York City, or even the U.S. One of the outposts of its pioneering spirit was the Soviet Union, in what was then Leningrad.
	www.thethirdrail.net (662 words)

	NYU Press
		This is a complete facsimile of the 1904 edition originally published by the Interborough Rapid Transit Company to commemorate the opening of New York’s first subway line.
		It was Hewitt who realized that, while private capital alone had been perfectly adequate for building elevated rapid transit lines in New York as early as the 1870s, the more costly construction of underground rapid transit lines was far beyond the ability of private corporations to finance.
		The private firm that emerged, both to build and to operate the first subway in New York, was called the Interborough Rapid Transit Company, a name that would later be rendered more crisply as the IRT.
	www.nyupress.org /product_info.php?products_id=3999 (298 words)

	TROLLEY: The Cars That Built Our Cities - Narration Script
		Compared to the steam railroads, the service provided by the interurbans was sometimes less rapid, but it was relatively frequent, and unlike the steam railroads, which stopped only in major towns and cities, an interurban would let a farmer and his family off at their door.
		This was the construction of San Francisco's Bay Area Rapid Transit, or BART, one of the biggest public works projects undertaken in the 1960s.
		Since they already enjoyed rapid access to the Western suburbs through the Twin Peaks Tunnel, the decision was made to upgrade the lines by placing them in an upper level of the new BART subway.
	www.transitgloriamundi.com /trolley_videos/trolley/narration.html (4881 words)

	The American Experience/Technology/New York Underground/Beyond the IRT
		While Manhattan's newest transit system was a gold mine for August Belmont and his IRT, it fell far short of meeting the needs of all commuters.
		The Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company (BRT) operated a profitable network of streetcars and elevated railroads in Brooklyn--a network that it now proposed be extended into Manhattan as part of subway expansion.
		The BMT and the IRT took their guaranteed profits year by year, but only the IRT returned any revenue to the city--a paltry $19 million over the entire term of the Dual Contracts.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/amex/technology/nyunderground/beyondirt.html (1427 words)

	The Henry Luce III Center \| Item Detail (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		INTERBOROUGH RAPID TRANSIT COMPANY." in roman letters; makers' marks stamped on the side.
		This train controller handle was used by the donor, the Mayor of New York City (1904-1909), to start the first train on the Interborough Rapid Transit Railroad from City Hall Station, New York, NY, October 27th, 1904.
		It was presented to him by August Belmont, President of the Interborough Rapid Transit Railroad, who said, "I give you this controller, Mr.
	luceweb.nyhistory.org /luceweb/item_detail.htm?qmkey=36558 (306 words)

	Interborough Strike of 1919 by G.J. Christiano - The Third Rail - 1/03 - Page 4
		Two hours after the strike was in effect not a train was stirring on the "L" or in the subways of the Interborough system - which means the Second, Third, Sixth and Ninth avenue lines of the "L" system and the Seventh avenue-Broadway and Fourth-Lexington avenue subways and their branches.
		Only the Brooklyn Rapid Transit subway, running south in Seventh avenue from Broadway and Fifty-seventh street, and the surface car line remained in operation.
		An Interborough special officer was aboard and announced at various stations through a mega- phone "This is the last train downtown."
	www.3drail.com /0301/strike4.htm (726 words)

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