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Topic: Intergalactic space

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Intergalactic medium

Interstellar medium

Heliosphere

Dwarf galaxy

Interstellar space

Diffuse interstellar band

Galaxy

WIMP

Christopher McKee

Dust

List of molecules in interstellar space

Astronomical object

Nebula

White dwarf

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	ESA Portal - Information Notes - ISO proves that intergalactic space is dusty
		The intergalactic dust is concentrated towards the centre of the cluster.
		Intergalactic dust may very well be present nearby, but it is likely to be sparse and scattered.
		Emissions indicating the presence of intergalactic dust were much stronger towards the crowded centre of the cluster than at the edges.
	www.esa.int /esaCP/Pr_37_1997_i_EN.html (1150 words)

	Intergalactic space - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Intergalactic space is the physical space between galaxies.
		Generally free of dust and debris, intergalactic space is very close to a vacuum.
		The reason the IGM is thought to be mostly ionized gas is that its temperature is thought to be quite high by terrestrial standards (though some parts of it are only "warm" by astrophysical standards).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Intergalactic_space (357 words)

	Outer space - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Outer space is used to distinguish it from airspace (and terrestrial locations).
		Outer space within our solar system is called interplanetary space, which passes over into interstellar space at the heliopause.
		The vacuum of outer space is not really empty, it is sparsely filled with interesting things: several dozen organic molecules discovered to date by microwave spectroscopy, 2.7 K flbody radiation left over from the big bang and the origin of the Universe, and cosmic rays, which include ionized atomic nuclei and various subatomic particles.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Outer_space (1125 words)

	SPACE.com -- Black Holes are Thermostats of Intergalactic Space
		Among the leftovers of such a colossal event was hot gas that permeated the space between galaxies within the cluster.
		Jets of enormous energy emitted by supermassive fl holes reheat the gas of intergalactic space, according to a study that will be published in the July 18 issue of the journal Nature.
		When gas in intergalactic space cools, it behaves less erratically and eventually settles into a galaxy, lured there by gravity.
	www.space.com /scienceastronomy/black_holes_020717.html (603 words)

	ISO proves that intergalactic space is dusty (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Intergalactic dust may very well be present nearby, but it is likely to be sparse and scattered.
		Emissions indicating the presence of intergalactic dust were much stronger towards the crowded centre of the cluster than at the edges.
		Intergalactic space remains so transparent to visible light that astronomers can observe galaxies and quasars across billions of light-years of space.
	www.iso.vilspa.esa.es /outreach/esa_pr/in9737.htm (1103 words)

	Intergalactic space (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Generally free of dust and debris (nebulae are a notable exception) intergalactic space is very close to a vacuum with an average density of less than one atom per cubic meter.
		In deep intergalactic space temperature drops close to 0 kelvin.
		The primary method of energy transfer in intersteller space is by radiation as opposed to convection or conduction.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Intergalactic_space.html (459 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The Hubble Space Telescope is a project of international cooperation between NASA and the European Space Agency (ESA).
		EMBARGOED UNTIL: 1:00 P.M. PHOTO NO.: STScI-PRC97-02 Intergalactic Vista From A Lonely Star This is an artist's concept of the view of the nighttime sky from the surface of a hypothetical planet orbiting an "intergalactic" star in the Virgo cluster of galaxies, based on recent research with NASA's Hubble Space Telescope.
		These stars are truly "intergalactic" because they are so isolated their motion is probably governed by the gravitational field of the cluster as a whole, rather than the pull of any one galaxy.
	ecf.hq.eso.org /stecf-pr-images/97-02.txt (917 words)

	Do all stars belong to galaxies?
		NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has found a long sought population of "stellar outcasts" -- stars tossed out of their home galaxy into the dark emptiness of intergalactic space.
		Intergalactic stars have been predicted to exist as a result of galaxy interactions and mergers early in a galaxy cluster's history.
		"These stars are truly intergalactic because they are so isolated their motion is probably governed by the gravitational field of the cluster as a whole, rather than the pull of any one galaxy," says Ferguson.
	www.astronomycafe.net /qadir/q2486.html (658 words)

	Starburst eye of a galaxy produces a cosmic shower (May 21, 2004)
		Combining images from orbiting and ground-based telescopes, an international team of astronomers has located the eye of a cosmic hurricane: the source of the 1 million mile-per-hour winds that shower intergalactic space from the galaxy M82.
		Using images combined from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and the WIYN Telescope on Kitt Peak, Ariz., a team of astronomers from University College London and UW-Madison has traced the origin of the galaxy's 'superwind' into the starburst heart of M82.
		In addition to NASA's and the European Space Agency's Hubble Space Telescope, data for the group's observations were obtained from the 3.5-meter WIYN Telescope at the Kitt Peak National Observatory in Arizona.
	www.news.wisc.edu /9843.html (612 words)

	A manual of intergalactic space travel. Fully illustrated. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		It is not easy to say how the Intergalactic Transport Authority (ITA) came to lose a crate containing several thousand copies of the latest edition of the "Spacecraft Manual and Survival Hints" - but it did, in the year 3010 AD.
		The lost manuals arrived on Earth some time late in the year 2000 AD, at least 1010 years before they were due to be published on that particular planet.
		Section 1 illustrates some typical spacecraft, popular both with the hobbyist and with the serious intergalactic tourer.
	www4.tpgi.com.au /users/p_tonkin (173 words)

	The Intergalactic Medium
		Space - empty space - the vacuum of space - is merely an approximation.
		Intergalactic space, which comprises the vast majority of the volume of the universe, is not empty, but filled with an inhomogeneously distributed, exceedingly tenuous, and prevailingly ionized gas.
		To understand the properties of the Intergalactic Medium (IGM) and what they can teach us, we must look not only at the present state of the nearby IGM, but also at the conditions of the IGM in the past and its role in the early universe.
	www.pas.rochester.edu /~afrank/A232/Final_Projects/DLicht/Intro.htm (130 words)

	Phosphor Dot Fossils \| Space Ace
		You're intergalactic hero Space Ace one moment, but the next moment, the evil Borf kidnaps your girlfriend Kimberly and unleashes the Infanto-Ray on you...and suddenly, you're intergalactic geek Dexter.
		One essential downfall of both Space Ace and Dragon's Lair is the "lab rat" syndrome - you either move the joystick, or hit the action button, in the right direction at the right time, or you've just wasted part of the 50 cents required to play the game.
		Space Ace generated some buzz when it first hit the arcades, but most of the attention it got was riding Dragon's Lair's coattails.
	www.thelogbook.com /phosphor/fall99/ace.html (395 words)

	Vacuum - Facts from the Encyclopedia - Yahoo! Education (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The most nearly perfect vacuum exists in intergalactic space, where it is estimated that on the average there is less than one molecule per cubic meter.
		A common but incorrect belief is that a vacuum causes "suction." Actually the apparent suction caused by a vacuum is the pressure of the atmosphere tending to rush in and fill the unoccupied space.
		In the rotary oil-sealed pump a rotor turning in a cylinder allows gas to enter through an inlet valve from a space to be evacuated and then pushes it through an outlet valve into the atmosphere.
	messenger.yahooligans.com /reference/encyclopedia/entry/vacuum (415 words)

	MPA :: Current Research Highlight :: November 2004
		Not all the stars in a galaxy cluster are found in galaxies, but many of them just float in the intergalactic space, being unbound to any particular galaxy.
		However, since long time it has been recognized that the intergalactic space is filled in with a diffuse starlight.
		Their distribution, however, does not reflect the distribution of the galaxies: intergalactic stars are relatively more abundant in the central regions of clusters than in the outskirts.
	www.mpa-garching.mpg.de /mpa/research/current_research/hl2004-11/hl2004-11-en.html (982 words)

	Archive of Astronomy Questions and Answers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Intergalactic space, the space between galaxies, can be filled with a hot gas that emits X-rays, but this is only found within clusters of galaxies.
		Sensitive searches have been made for a variety of forms of hot and cold gas in the intergalactic space outside clusters of galaxies.
		Using the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), a Dutch- British-French-US team of astronomers have sampled the light coming from the quasar Q0302- 003 (redshift of 3.286).
	www.astronomycafe.net /qadir/q303.html (370 words)

	The Search for the Intergalactic Medium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		A principal scientific goal for HUT on the Astro-2 Mission will be an attempt to detect the primordial intergalactic medium, a tenuous gas believed to pervade the vast reaches of space between the galaxies.
		It is widely believed that the energy radiated by the quasars themselves, perhaps along with radiation from the first generation of galaxies and stars, was responsible for re-ionizing the intergalactic hydrogen gas.
		The Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope is well-suited to the task of observing intergalactic helium.
	praxis.pha.jhu.edu /astro2/astro2_science/HS1700.html (954 words)

	J. Michael Shull
		Nationally, I was previous Chair of the Space Telescope Institute Council (STIC) and currently serve as Chair of the Board of Directors for the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA).
		I served on the "UV, Optical, and Infrared Astronomy from Space" panel of the NRC Astronomy and Astrophysics Decade Survey.
		With NASA satellite observations, we are studying the distribution, ionization state, and metallicity of this gas using ultraviolet spectra from the Hubble Space Telescope and the FUSE satellite.
	casa.colorado.edu /~mshull (1751 words)

	Natural History: On being rarefied - emptiness of intergalactic space (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Leaving aside pesky chunks of rocks and boulders, interplanetary space has an average density of about ten atoms and molecules per cubic centimeter, which is about the same as the best laboratory vacuums on Earth.
		Comet tails, as tenuous and rarefied as they are, represent an increase in density by at least a factor of 100 over the ambient conditions of interplanetary space.
		Like the remarkably visible rarefied comet tails in interplanetary space, gas clouds in interstellar space (with at least 100 times the ambient density) can readily reveal themselves in the presence of nearby luminous stars.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1134/is_n1_v107/ai_20517887 (1532 words)

	Spaceflight Now \| Breaking News \| Orphaned star clusters roam the Universe
		It is thought that the partial or complete destruction of their parent galaxies spilled the globular star clusters into intergalactic space.
		With only one exception, all of the intergalactic globular clusters the teams have detected are so far away (millions of light-years) that they just look like tiny points of light in a vast sea of flness.
		Women of Space: Cool Careers on the Final Frontier is for girls, young women, and anyone else interested in learning about exciting careers in space exploration.
	www.spaceflightnow.com /news/n0307/17orphan (845 words)

	Intergalactic travel
		Sceptics who dismiss the idea of faster-than-light travel through "wormholes" in space may have to think again, because new calculations based on Einstein's general theory of relativity suggest that wormholes large and stable enough to allow intergalactic travel really can exist.
		The possibility that the cosmos is peppered with short cuts through space and time has intrigued people ever since 1915 when German theorist Ludwig Flamm found hints of their existence in Einstein's equations.
		According to Sergei Krasnikov, a relativity expert at the Pulkovo Observatory in St Petersburg, the standard arguments against large wormholes assume that they all have the same basic shape, and need to be crammed with "exotic matter" to keep them open (New Scientist, 6 September 1997, p 49).
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2000-04/NS-It-1104100.php (409 words)

	Relativistic correction of interstellar and intergalactic distances (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		However after creation of general relativity in 1916 and observations of gravitational lenses in 1979 [9] (predicted by Einstein), the former Euclidean distances of classical non-relativistic astronomy were not called in question on basis of general relativity and observations of gravitational lenses.
		Therefore curvature of intergalactic cosmic space far from a galaxy is not negligible also.
		Diminution of interstellar and intergalactic distances by taking into account known and verified experimentally effects of general relativity - Riemannian curvature of space and gravitational redshift of galaxies - is a simple realistic way of solution of the problems.
	www.cnt.ru /users/chas/halo.htm (3385 words)

	ScienceDaily: Starburst Eye Of A Galaxy Produces A Cosmic Shower
		Now, an international team of astronomers, using data from the orbiting Hubble Space Telescope and the ground-based WIYN Telescope, have traced the source of the enigmatic, million mile per hour winds that shower the cosmos to the starburst heart of the galaxy.
		Using images combined from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and the WIYN Telescope on Kitt Peak, Ariz., a team of astronomers from University College London and the University of Wisconsin-Madison has traced the origin of the galaxy's 'superwind' into the starburst heart of M82.
		In addition to NASA's and the European Space Agency's Hubble Space Telescope, data for the group's observations were obtained from the 3.5-meter WIYN Telescope at the Kitt Peak National Observatory in Arizona.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2004/05/040526064453.htm (1020 words)

	Carillon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The spacecraft, known as the Spectroscopy and Photometry of the Intergalactic Medium's Diffuse Radiation (SPIDR), is one of two Small Explorer satellite missions announced July 2 by NASA.
		Hot gas in space is produced by powerful events like supernova explosions that end the lives of massive stars, said Shull.
		It also is produced by shocks from the gravitational collapse of intergalactic gas early in the life of the universe.
	www.colorado.edu /Carillon/volume80/stories/get_page.pl?id=29 (461 words)

	Indiadaily.com - Learning from Extra-terrestrial UFOs — Dark Energy can provide anti-gravity propulsion needed for ...
		In the middle of hustle and bustle of cyber research and development, a group of engineers and astrophysicist are close to announcing a most major breakthrough in the history of the mankind.
		Laboratory experiments show that seemingly empty space is actually seething with virtual particles that wink in and out of existence.
		The energy needed to boil the space or vacuum is just astronomical and we just do not have that mechanism in place based on technological advances.
	www.newsindia.com /editorial/1741.asp (583 words)

	Spaceflight Now \| Breaking News \| Starburst eye of a galaxy produces a cosmic shower
		Combining images from orbiting and ground-based telescopes, an international team of astronomers has located the eye of a cosmic hurricane: the source of the one million mile-per-hour winds that shower intergalactic space from the galaxy M82.
		Now, an international team of astronomers, using data from the orbiting Hubble Space Telescope and the ground-based WIYN Telescope, have traced the source of the enigmatic, million mile per hour winds that shower the cosmos to the starburst heart of the galaxy.
		The official crew patch for the next space shuttle mission, scheduled for launch in May 2006, depicts Discovery docked to the International Space Station and the gold astronaut emblem emblazoned behind.
	www.spaceflightnow.com /news/n0405/23starburst (941 words)

	Psyshop: Noga Records: Intergalactic - The Future (CD)
		Vik has spend the 2 years since his first album in his studio to enrich the sound and quality that are unique to his powerful melodic combinations with fresh psychedelic trance grooves.
		The Intergalactic project is his main project these days, the powerful rhythm, excellent grooves, psychedelic harmonies mixed together so amazingly, creating some of the finest trance music available today.
		THE Future - Intergalactic second album is a full on psychedelic trance combined with house and other dance music styles rhythms and elements.
	www.psyshop.com /shop/CDs/nog/nog1cd001.html (117 words)

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