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Topic: Intermetallics

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	Intermetallics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Intermetallics are alloys of two or more metals in a certain proportion, thereby forming a new chemical compound.
		Intermetallics is the short summarizing designation for such intermetallic phases and compounds, i.e.
		Intermetallics of aluminium and gold are a significant cause of wire bond failures in semiconductor devices and other microelectronics devices.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Intermetallics (376 words)

	Physical And Mechanical Properties Of Intermetallic Compounds Commonly Found In Solder Joints
		All three intermetallics were studied by the van der Pauw method [19] and the Cu Sn was also studied by an eddy current method [20].
		The temperature dependencies of the hardnesses of the three intermetallics are shown in figure 3a, b, and c.
		The modulus of the intermetallic was determined from the change in resonant frequency of the beam due to the deposited layer.
	www.metallurgy.nist.gov /mechanical_properties/solder_paper.html (5227 words)

	Empfasis - Intermetallics in Electronic Soldering
		Intermetallics are necessary, but can result in embrittled joints and unsolderable components or circuit boards.
		Ag-Sn-Cd intermetallics are formed at the joint/pad or joint/lead interface that acts as a diffusion barrier to the copper.
		The time needed for the intermetallic to overcome the surface finish is dependent on the thickness of the coating and the storage atmosphere.
	www.empf.org /empfasis/june04/inter.htm (1294 words)

	C01-03 Influence of Intermetallics on Durability of Lead-Free Solder Interconnects
		To assess the potential for intermetallic growth between the Pb free solder attach and the metallization on the chip, lead, or substrate surface.
		To determine the effect of intermetallic growth on the adhesion strength at the attach/substrate interface, or lead/attach interface and relate it to time-to-failure in assemblies.
		Intermetallic reaction between copper and tin is particularly rapid.
	www.calce.umd.edu /general/projects/2001/03.htm (583 words)

	Failure of Intermetallics Investigated Using World’s Most Powerful Electron Microscope - News Item
		Intermetallics could be the key to faster jets and more efficient car engines.
		Intermetallics can withstand searing heat and are often lightweight.
		These properties intrigue the aerospace, defense, energy and automotive industries, which are experimenting with this class of materials in hopes of building high-performance jet engines, improved rocket motors and missile components, more efficient steam turbines and better car engine valves.
	www.azom.com /details.asp?ArticleID=2744 (771 words)

	04-080 (Intermetallics)
		Their discovery may be the first step in explaining the origin of this brittleness in some of these compounds.
		With this knowledge, materials scientists may be able to identify methods that enhance their motion – and create intermetallic compounds that resist shattering.
		The study illustrates the utility of Oak Ridge’s STEM in studying a variety of crystal structures and defects.
	www.brown.edu /Administration/News_Bureau/2004-05/04-080.html (742 words)

	Intermetallics - Nickel Aluminide Coatings (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Ordered intermetallic alloys have been known for a very long time, but their impact on the metallurgical community has been relatively unremarkable, however that is now changing.
		A brief investigation has indicated that HVOF coatings of intermetallic alloys can be remelted by several processes, eg TIG and electron beam, and this leads to fully dense, oxide-free coatings which are fully bonded to the substrate.
		Although the alloys may have restricted ductilities at ambient temperatures, they are in general quite ductile at the high temperatures at which a friction surfacing layer is deposited.
	www.azom.com /details.asp?ArticleID=186 (752 words)

	Available Technologies - Office of Technology Management (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		This technology removes anodic and cathodic intermetallics and is significantly faster than other methods to pretreat copper-aluminum alloys (3 minutes compared to the 30 minutes required by other methods).
		Efforts to seal these intermetallics from the corrosive environment are not effective; therefore, the intermetallics must be removed from the surface of the aluminum alloy.
		Although developed for the removal of copper-rich intermetallics on Al 2024 alloys, this process might be able to remove all intermetallics that contain an electrochemical character different from the bulk matrix.
	www.otm.uiuc.edu /techs/techdetail.asp?id=92 (569 words)

	Arnold M. Guloy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The synthesis and characterization of crystalline organic-inorganic hybrid materials is motivated by the expectation that one can modulate and design crystalline hybrid materials that combine (synergism) or enhance properties associated with the functional inorganic and organic components.
		The underdeveloped chemistry of intermetallics and their unpredictable phase stabilities offers a serious challenge to solid state chemists.
		Our work on intermetallics, using careful synthesis and characterization, and the application of viable theoretical models, is part of the overall attempt to understand the structure-property-chemical bonding relationships in solid materials.
	www.chem.uh.edu /Faculty/Guloy (496 words)

	Research Activites for Marc De Graef
		Reliable performance of intermetallics in future aircraft propulsion and space vehicle systems will require that these levels of ductility be achieved reproducibly.
		The overall objective of the proposed research is to examine a number of fundamental issues that limit straining and contribute to property variability in intermetallic systems that have some intrinsic capacity for plastic deformation.
		Of specific interest are the differences in plastic strain accumulation in systems with greater than and less than 5 independent slip systems, the role of grain size, and the role of slip homogeneity in systems with and without chemical segregation.
	neon.mems.cmu.edu /degraef/research.shtml (1511 words)

	Amazon.com: Intermetallics: Books: Gerhard Sauthoff (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Mechanical characteristics, microstructure as well as the environmental influence on intermetallics are treated in depth.
		It is the author's aim to provide the basis for understanding the physical mechanisms, which influence the properties of the materials and ultimately their areas of application.
		Intermetallics is a valuable source of information for researchers and graduate students working in materials science, metallurgy, condensed-matter physics, and engineering.
	www.amazon.com /Intermetallics-Gerhard-Sauthoff/dp/3527293205 (691 words)

	Ductile intermetallic compounds discovered
		Although these compounds possess chemical, physical, electrical, magnetic, and mechanical properties that are often superior to ordinary metals, their potential has gone untapped because they are typically quite brittle at room temperature.
		Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Ames Laboratory at Iowa State University have discovered a number of rare earth intermetallic compounds that are ductile at room temperature.
		Because these energies are lower in the ductile materials, it is easier for them to plastically deform instead of fracturing at the grain boundaries.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2003-09/dl-dic091503.php (691 words)

	ICSFI-2000
		The Fifth International Conference on Structural and Functional Intermetallics (ICSFI), sponsored by The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society (TMS), will be held July 16-19, 2000, at the Westin Bayshore Hotel in Vancouver, British Columbia.
		In particular, as new subject areas, functional intermetallics have been included in this conference in order to reflect the growing interest in the research and applications of functional intermetallics in recent years.
		The subjects to be discussed for functional intermetallics encompass hydrogen storage applications, shape memory alloys, magnetic material applications, etc Those who are involved in research and/or development of intermetallic compounds and also those teaching about the properties and uses of these materials should attend.
	www.tms.org /Meetings/Specialty/ICSFI-2000/ICSFI-2000.html (348 words)

	Intermetallics - Elsevier (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Intermetallics is concerned with all aspects of ordered chemical compounds between two or more metals and notably with their applications.
		All aspects of phase transformations involving intermetallics will be covered.
		The principles governing microstructural features of multiphase intermetallic alloys will also be included, as will experimental and theoretical work on diffusion in intermetallics.
	www.elsevier.com /wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/423924/description (231 words)

	Ron Noebe's Web Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		R.D. Noebe, A. Misra and R. Gibala: "Plastic Flow and Fracture of B2 NiAl-based Intermetallic Alloys Containing a Ductile Second Phase," Iron and Steel Institute of Japan International, vol.
		M.L. Weaver, M.J. Kaufman and R.D. Noebe: "Kinetics of Static Strain Aging in Polycrystalline NiAl-Based Alloys," Intermetallics, vol.
		M.L. Weaver, R.D. Noebe, J.J. Lewandowski, B.F. Oliver and M.J. Kaufman: "Observation of Static Strain Aging in Polycrystalline NiAl," Intermetallics, vol.
	www.grc.nasa.gov /WWW/MDWeb/People/20NRD.html (974 words)

	Incommensurate phases database : Intermetallics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		There is not much experimental information about the existence of incommensurate modulations in intermetallic systems.
		Some incommensurabilities may exist also in the premartensitic phase transformation of TiNi(Fe) systems, where the Fe atoms are included as impurities, playing the role of substitutional defects [Yamada85].
		They mention the existence of at least 23 superstructures in different chemical systems, some of which might present incommensurabilities.
	www.pcpm.ucl.ac.be /~crystal/intermetallics.html (322 words)

	Gamma-Based TiAl Intermetallics
		Venkateswara Rao, C. Gilbert, and R. Ritchie, "Damage Tolerance in Intermetallic and Ceramic Materials at Ambient and Elevated Temperatures: Role of Extrinsic vs. Intrinsic Mechanisms," in Processing and Design Issues in High Temperature Materials, N.
		Ritchie, "Damage Tolerance in Intermetallics and Ceramics: Fracture vs.
		Kruzic, J. Campbell, A. McKelvey, H. Choe, and R. Ritchie, "The Contrasting Role of Microstructure in Influencing Fracture and Fatigue-Crack Growth in
	www.lbl.gov /Ritchie/Programs/TIAL (930 words)

	Luke Hsiung Bio (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		High-temperature deformation and creep, cyclic deformation and fatigue, high-temperature alloys and intermetallics, metal-matrix composites, thin-film and multilayered materials, high strain-rate deformation, phase transformations, dislocation dynamics, physical metallurgy of uranium alloys, electron microscopy and microanalysis.
		L.M. Hsiung and T.G. Nieh, "Creep Deformation of Lamellar TiAl Alloys Controlled by the Viscous Glide of Interfacial Dislocations," Intermetallics, 7 (1999), 821.
		T.G. Nieh, L.M. Hsiung and J. Wadsworth, "Superplastic Behavior of a Powder Metallurgy TiAl Alloy,”; Intermetallics, 7 (1999), 163.
	www-cms.llnl.gov /bios/hsiung_lbio.html (432 words)

	Thermoelectrics (Intermetallics)
		Previously, our research was focused on a different class of compounds: rare earth intermetallic materials.
		In some of these compounds, the rare earth atoms exist in a fluctuating or intermediate valence state (i.e.
		The highest thermopowers in intermediate valence compounds have been found in Ce and Yb intermetallics, although other rare earth compounds (with Sm, Eu, Tm) can also be intermediate valent.
	www.chem.cornell.edu /fjd3/thermo/intermetallics.html (206 words)

	Multiple-Scattering Calculations of XANES for Uranium Oxides and Intermetallics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Calculations for uranium intermetallics (e.g., UCu _5, UIn _3, UAl _2, and UAs) also give good agreement with measured XANES.
		Results are improved by a using an unscreened final state for the oxides, whereas a screened final state seems to apply to the intermetallics.
		The overall success of the simulations is partly attributed to the short lifetime of the uranium 2p _3/2 core hole, which greatly reduces the number of MS paths needed, and also shows that our semi-relativistic treatment of scattering is a good approximation.
	flux.aps.org /meetings/BAPSMAR95/abs/SS1806.html (191 words)

	intermetallics vs. alloys and superstructure (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		What is the difference between intermetallics and alloys?
		Intermetallic - chemical compounds between two or more metals with crystal structures which aredifferent from those of the metals it`s made from.
		I agree it's better to think of alloys as solid solutions rather than compounds, though chemical bonds are created as intermetallic compounds form within an alloy.
	www.chemicalforums.com /index.php?topic=8871.msg42792 (495 words)

	1. : forming of intermetallics by reactive rapid prototyping
		: forming of intermetallics by reactive rapid prototyping
		Abstract A new freeform fabrication method for intermetallics named Reactive Rapid Prototyping (RRP) has been developed.
		A 2D structure of nickel aluminde is fabricated by micro joining of the small elemental beads which is formed due to the exothermic synthesis reaction of the molten aluminum droplets injected onto the nickel powder bed eventually forming a 3D object through the layer by layer formation process.
	home.att.net /~rpml/p04a/p04a_1.htm (244 words)

	Intermetallics 8(2000)7-18 Abstract (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Guillermo Bozzolo, Ronald D. Noebe and Frank S. Honecy.
		It is well recognized that ternary alloying additions can have a dramatic impact on the behavior of ordered intermetallic alloys such as nickel aluminides.
		Properties as diverse as yield strength, fracture strength, fracture mode, cyclic oxidation resistance, creep strength, and thermal and electrical diffusivity can change by orders of magnitude when a few percent or less of a ternary element is added.
	www.grc.nasa.gov /WWW/SurfSci/bfs/references/ainterm00.html (290 words)

	IngentaConnect Table Of Contents: Intermetallics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Authors: Hyun Lee S.; Moon K.I.; Seon Hong H.; Sub Lee K. Specific heat capacities of alloys of the non-stoichiometric GaNi
		Authors: Flandorfer H.; Ipser H. Boron segregation in intermetallics: on the possible origins of a low-level intergranular segregation
		Authors: Lejcek P.; Fraczkiewicz A. Experimental study of ternary Ca-Mg-Si phase equilibria and thermodynamic assessment of Ca-Si and Ca-Mg-Si systems
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/els/09669795/2003/00000011/00000010 (198 words)

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