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Topic: Internal energy

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	Energy - Engineering
		Energy can be in several forms: mechanical potential—due to possible physical interactions with other objects (for example, gravitational potential energy); kinetic—contained in macroscopic motion; chemical—potential stored in chemical bonds between atoms; electrical—potential due to possible charge interactions; thermal—contained in the kinetic energy of individual molecules[[2]]; nuclear energy[[3]]—potential stored between constituents of atomic nucleus [[4]].
		In contrast to kinetic energy, which is the energy of a system due to its motion, or the internal motion of its particles, the potential energy of a system is the energy associated with the spatial configuration of its components and their interaction with each other.
		Internal energy is the kinetic energy associated with the motion of molecules, and the potential energy associated with the rotational, vibrational and electric energy of atoms within molecules.
	engineering.wikia.com /wiki/Energy (2599 words)

	Internal energy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The SI unit of energy is the joule although other historical, conventional units are still in use, such as the (small and large) calorie for heat.
		From the standpoint of statistical mechanics, the internal energy is equal to the ensemble average of the total energy of the system.
		and the Euler theorem yields for the internal energy (Landau and Lifshitz 1986):
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Internal_energy (980 words)

	Internal Energy
		Internal energy is defined as the energy associated with the random, disordered motion of molecules.
		It is separated in scale from the macroscopic ordered energy associated with moving objects; it refers to the invisible microscopic energy on the atomic and molecular scale.
		Internal energy involves energy on the microscopic scale.
	hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu /hbase/thermo/inteng.html (318 words)

	Internal vs. External Forces (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The significance of categorizing a force as internal or external is related to the ability of that type of force to change an object's total mechanical energy when it does work upon an
		The gain or loss in energy can be in the form of potential energy, kinetic energy, or both.
		Thus, energy is transformed from KE to PE (or vice versa); however, the total mechanical energy is conserved.
	www.glenbrook.k12.il.us /gbssci/phys/Class/energy/u5l2a.html (1069 words)

	Energy forms and definitions, kinetic energy and potential - basic energy concepts for teachers and students - from ...
		Energy is being transferred, by the process of heat flow, from his body to the surrounding water.
		Internal energy is the word that is more correctly used in thermodynamics to describe the microscopic forces and movements that are often called heat.
		In fact temperature in a gas is often described (not defined!) as the average kinetic energy of all the atoms and molecules in the gas.
	www.ftexploring.com /energy/enrg-types.htm (2190 words)

	Food and Energy
		It’s the energy in food that sustains us, and the effect of food energy on our body is the basis for the dietary practice known as macrobiotics.
		Energy exists on a continuum, from yin, among whose attributes are cold, darkness, and contraction, to yang, characterized by heat, light, and expansion.
		Methods of preparation affect the energy in foods and are also important—ingredients and preparation are suited to the season and locale, with an emphasis on variety, and the use of electricity in cooking is avoided.
	www.goodhealthinfo.net /food_and_energy.htm (593 words)

	Internal Hydro International Inc. - Distributor Package Information
		Energy creation is accomplished through an efficient transformation of low flow pressure into an extreme mechanical force capable of doing work.
		A single 29 Kw Energy Commander IV, built by IHDR and delivered our Distributor Program at no cost to a Distributor, can be readily hooked up to an available source of water or gas pressure, which is not utilized or is available after it’s work is done, or has wasted amounts of pressure.
		Renewable Energy Credits (RECs): “Green Tags” are energy certificates that are either a government mandated or voluntary alternative energy program where companies or individuals participate by buying ecologically friendly alternative energy credits from some area of the country in order to off-set their own pollution.
	www.internalhydro.com /dist.cfm (1689 words)

	Thermal energy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The energy of a particle in a system that moves relative to the system is the particle's kinetic energy ("motional energy").
		At any moment the total internal energy (thermal energy) of a thermodynamic system is the sum of the kinetic energies and the potential energies of all the particles in the system at that moment.
		In this context, the thermal energy of an ideal gas is only the sum of the kinetic energies of the idealised, volumeless particles which interact only with the walls of any container and not with each other so lack potential energy.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Thermal_energy (365 words)

	The Physics Classroom
		The significance of categorizing a force as internal or external is related to the ability of that type of force to change an object's total mechanical energy when it does work upon an object.
		Under such circumstances, the work which is done will be equal to the change in mechanical energy of the object; this principle will be discussed in great detail later in this lesson.
		When work is done by external forces, the total mechanical energy of the object is altered.
	www.physicsclassroom.com /Class/energy/U5L2a.html (1074 words)

	Energy, Work, Heat – 1st Law of Thermodynamics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		For example, the increase in potential energy of a stone (actually, stone + earth) gained by lifting it against the force of gravity is the negative of the work done by gravity on the stone.
		this is the initial internal energy of the egg.
		So we have shown that the initial gravitational potential energy has been converted into the energy necessary to destroy the egg plus any increase of the internal thermal energy of the broken egg contents and the bottom of the box.
	www.mbhs.edu /~halperin/Energy_Work/Thermo.htm (1836 words)

	Internal Energy
		A heavy ball with an initial kinetic energy of 4000 J is trapped inside a box with rigid walls containing a cylinder constructed of small light-weight spheres.
		The energy of the ball decreases because it is converted to random, or thermal, energy of the spheres.
		It would be not be possible to recover all the energy of the spheres.
	webphysics.davidson.edu /mjb/SESAPS2000/internal_Energy.html (214 words)

	Internal energy of a moving fluid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Some of this total gain of energy is manifested as an increase in the kinetic energy of the fluid, and the remainder, according to the first law of thermodynamics, appears as an increase in the internal energy of the fluid.
		This latter contribution is non-negative, showing that any shearing motion in the fluid is inevitably accompanied by a unidirectional transfer of energy from the forces causing the motion to internal energy of the fluid, as is to be expected from the frictional character of the associated stress.
		for this rate of dissipation of mechanical energy, per unit volume of fluid, due to viscosity, and note that it is equivalent, in its effect on the fluid, to an irreversible addition of heat.
	grus.berkeley.edu /~jrg/ay202/node73.html (852 words)

	Energy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The relationships between heat, the internal energy of the system, and the enthalpy of the system during a chemical reaction can be summarized as follows.
		Because the internal energy, pressure, and volume of a gas are all state functions, the enthalpy of a system is also a state function.
		When a table of bond energies is used to estimate the enthalpy associated with the formation of a bond, the sign becomes negative because energy is released when bonds are formed.
	chemed.chem.purdue.edu /genchem/topicreview/bp/ch5/energy.html (1860 words)

	Chemistry - Internal energy (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.isi.jhu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The internal energy of a system (abbreviated E or U) is the total kinetic energy due to the motion of molecules (translational, rotational, vibrational) and the total potential energy associated with the vibrational and electric energy of atoms within molecules.
		Internal energy is a quantifiable state function of a system.
		The SI unit of internal energy is the same as for energy, and is the joule.
	www.chemistrydaily.com.cob-web.org:8888 /chemistry/Internal_energy (276 words)

	aikido martial arts Connecticut American Institute of Martial Arts - Teaching Aikido in Connecticut
		The quest for the secrets of internal energy have been going on as long as martial techniques have existed.
		Internal energy is developed through the repetitious practice of the basic techniques of their respective arts under the guidance of a knowledgeable instructor over a long period of time.
		It is the constant repetition of basic technique, coupled with powerful breathing technique that will develop internal energy over a long period of time.
	www.ctaikido.com /internal_energy.htm (425 words)

	Healing and Internal Energy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Internal is not something that has to do with beating the hell out of some wicked person,...
		Internal is a pure science with its own set of physics, and it has to do with what goes on in all four components of who and what you are.
		Internal energies deal in the untapped internal power that is inside of all of us.
	www.kwandai.com /healing_and_internal_energy.htm (925 words)

	energy.htm
		In most applications, internal energy is measured in terms of work and heat.
		This law states that the energy of the universe remains constant, or energy can be neither created nor destroyed, only changed from one form of energy to another.
		Heat or energy flowing out of the system is negative; heat or energy flowing into the system is positive.
	www.towson.edu /~ladon/energy.html (3105 words)

	Heat and Internal Energy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Heat is energy passing from one object or material to another BECAUSE OF a difference in temperatures.
		Convection is energy carried from one place to another by the flow of a liquid or gas.
		Carrying the energy from the south to your body is convection.
	www.newton.dep.anl.gov /askasci/phy00/phy00817.htm (375 words)

	INTERNAL ENERGY
		A microscopic approach to the internal energy in an ideal gas.
		The internal energy U of a system is defined as the sum of the energies of all the constituent particles.
		The internal energy of an ideal gas does only depend on the temperature and the number of particles, and not on the volume occupied by the gas.
	colos1.fri.uni-lj.si /~colos/Colos/TUTORIALS/JAVA/THERMODYNAMICS/THERMO_UK/HTML/Inter_Energy.html (306 words)

	ON PENG ENERGY
		The principle of the internal connection is not about the body alignment, but rather, it is the presence of Peng Jing energy throughout the body.
		Therefore, the principle of the internal connection is not about the way the body moves in snapping or waving motion, from feet to hands in a sequential, external "physical" manner which one often sees in other styles.
		The internal power of Tai Chi Chuan is so powerful that one only need to release 4 ounces of power, effortlessly, to cause a severe damage or injury to an opponent, who would feel as if thousand pounds have struck.
	www.nytaichi.com /onpeng.htm (1481 words)

	Scientific Forms of Energy
		Energy is found in different forms, such as light, heat, sound and motion.
		, or heat, is the internal energy in substances——the vibration and movement of the atoms and molecules within substances.
		Energy changes form, but the total amount of energy in the universe stays the same.
	www.eia.doe.gov /kids/energyfacts/science/formsofenergy.html (918 words)

	Specific Internal Energy - Thermodynamic Properties - Engineers Edge (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		None of these forms of energy can be measured or evaluated directly, but techniques have been developed to evaluate the change in the total sum of all these microscopic forms of energy.
		These microscopic forms of energy are collectively called internal energy, customarily represented by the symbol U. In engineering applications, the unit of internal energy is the British thermal unit (Btu), which is also the unit of heat.
		The specific internal energy (u) of a substance is its internal energy per unit mass.
	www.engineersedge.com /thermodynamics/specific_internal_energy.htm (203 words)

	The world's top conservation of energy websites
		It states that the total inflow of energy into a system must equal the total outflow of energy from the system, plus the change in the energy contained within the system.
		He showed that the gravitational potential energy lost by the weight in descending was equal to the thermal energy (heat) gained by the water by friction with the paddle.
		Conservation of energy can be shown through Noether's theorem to be the result of the time-invariance of the laws of physics.
	www.websbiggest.com /wiki-article-tab.cfm/conservation_of_energy (815 words)

	The Ultimate Supreme Internal Energy Training System (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Energy sensitivity is actually a simple result of energy training, and you do not have to be an Energy Master.
		Gerald Hall has searched for Energy Secrets in the teachings of Tibetan monasteries, mountain retreats of China, dojo’s of Japan, ancient documents on energy training, looked into the oldest books in existence, interviewed current energy masters and after six years of research he has come to a few conclusions.
		Healthy cells have a abundant energy, they are not starved of energy or nutrients and have strong defenses against intruders.
	www.e-bookdepot.com /ringsofpower/index.htm (1234 words)

	TVA: Internal Energy Management (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		TVA took a leadership role in internal energy management in 1973 by initiating efforts to reduce energy use and associated costs at its facilities.
		The NECPA was later followed by the Energy Policy Act of 1992, the Energy Policy Act of 2005, and various Presidential executive orders, laws, and guidance documents.
		These laws and regulations have required further reductions of energy use, the purchase of energy efficient equipment (motors, compressors, transformers, computers, lighting, heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning systems, etc.), reductions in potable water use, increases in vehicle fuel efficiency, and the application of sustainable principles.
	www.tva.gov /abouttva/energy_management.htm (237 words)

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