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Topic: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development

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	International Bank for Reconstruction and Development - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development is one of the five institutions consisting the World Bank Group.
		The IBRD is an international organization whose original mission was to finance the reconstruction of nations devastated by WWII.
		The IBRD was established mainly as a vehicle for reconstruction of Europe and Japan after World War II, with an additional mandate to foster economic growth in developing countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/IBRD (389 words)

	International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Regional vice presidents oversee the bank’s operations in five regions: Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, East Africa, West Africa, and (in one grouping) Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa.
		The bank organized the International Development Association (1960) to extend credit on easier terms, mainly to developing countries.
		Developing nations have complained that the IBRD imposes the free-market system on them, thereby discouraging planning, nationalization, and public investment.
	www.bartleby.com /65/in/IntlBank.html (394 words)

	World Bank Group - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The World Bank Group is a group of five international organizations responsible for providing finance to countries for purposes of development and poverty reduction, and for encouraging and safeguarding international investment.
		The International Finance Corporation (IFC) was created on 20 July 1956, the IDA on 24 September 1960, the ICSID on 14 October 1966 and the MIGA on 12 April 1988.
		The work of the Bank is subject to long-standing and strong criticism from a range of non-governmental organizations and academics, and in some cases from the Bank's own internal evaluations.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/World_Bank (2194 words)

	AllRefer.com - International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, UN (United Nations) - Encyclopedia
		International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, United Nations
		International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), specialized agency of the United Nations, with headquarters at Washington, D.C.; also called the World Bank.
		Plans were laid at the Bretton Woods Conference (1944) for the formation of a world bank; it was formally organized in 1945, when 28 countries ratified the agreement; there are now 183 members.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/I/IntlBank.html (496 words)

	International Bank for Reconstruction and Development on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		International Bank for Reconstruction and Development on Encyclopedia.com
		World Bank and 'La Poste' team up to reach socially responsible French investors.
		Pictures and Maps for: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/I/IntlB1ank.asp (678 words)

	Encyclopedia: International Development Association (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The International Development Association (IDA) was created on September 24, 1960, is a UN specialized agency.
		It is responsible for providing long-term interest-free loans to the poorest of developing countries on terms more lenient than those of the World Bank proper, and forms part of the World Bank Group based in Washington, D.C. September 24 is the 267th day of the year (268th in leap years).
		Logo of the World Bank The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD, in Romance languages: BIRD), better known as the World Bank, is an international organization whose original mission was to finance the reconstruction of nations devastated by WWII.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/International-Development-Association (377 words)

	[No title]
		The conference was designed as a follow-up to the Paris conference organized by the World Bank and OECD in April 2002, and is part of a larger global consultation with statkeholders involved in the Water and Sanitation Sector (the Sector).
		International companies are needed both for their management skills and knowledge know-how trtransfer, and their ability to as well as attracting attract international finance.
		Bank procurement requirements should be simplified, and the PSprivate sector would consider it advantageous to have IFI/donor grants and loans to accompany PSprivate sector lLease and aAffermage contracts.
	www.oecd.org /dataoecd/16/25/22132104.doc (14358 words)

	About Us - What is the World Bank
		Along with the rest of the development community, the World Bank centers its efforts on reaching the Millennium Development Goals, agreed to by UN members in 2000 and aimed at sustainable poverty reduction.
		The "World Bank" is the name that has come to be used for the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and the International Development Association (IDA).
		The Millennium Development Goals define specific targets in terms of school enrolments, child mortality, maternal health, disease, and access to water to be met by 2015.
	web.worldbank.org /WBSITE/EXTERNAL/EXTABOUTUS/0,,contentMDK:20040558~menuPK:34559~pagePK:34542~piPK:36600,00.html (1084 words)

	The Avalon Project : The Bretton Woods Agreements
		The Bank and its officers shall not interfere in the political affairs of any member; nor shall they be influenced in their decisions by the political character of the member or members concerned.
		Actions may be brought against the Bank only in a court of competent jurisdiction in the territories of a member in which the Bank has an office, has appointed an agent for the purpose of accepting service or notice of process, or has issued or guaranteed securities.
		The property and assets of the Bank shall, wheresoever located and by whomsoever held, be immune from all forms of seizure, attachment or execution before the delivery of final judgment against the Bank.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/decade/decad047.htm (17108 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Business \| Q&A: What the World Bank does
		Today, it is called the World Bank Group, has 184 member countries and is responsible for promoting economic development and reducing poverty.
		He is responsible for the day-to-day running of the organisation, overseeing the bank's six regions and managing global operations.
		Through lobbying and speeches, the president is able to draw attention to the problems faced by developing nations such as unfair trade conditions and crippling debt repayments.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/business/4355691.stm (471 words)

	The New York Review of Books: Globalization: Stiglitz's Case
		The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (commonly called the World Bank), established in 1944 mostly to help rebuild war-torn Europe, soon shifted its attention to the developing world once that task was largely completed.
		Moreover, as the Western European economies gained strength while, at the same time, more and more developing countries entered the international trading and financial economy, it was increasingly the developing countries that ran into balance of payments problems or difficulties over their currencies and therefore turned to the IMF for assistance.
		And as development has faltered in many countries—including many in which the IMF has played a significant part—the IMF's policies and actions have increasingly moved to the center of an ongoing, intense debate over who or what to blame for the failures of the past and what to do differently in the future.
	www.nybooks.com /articles/15630 (5620 words)

	SEEN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		It is high time for the Bank to decide whether to remain the world's key agent for transnational corporations' oil, gas and coal aspirations, or to become an agent for positive change, truer to the stated mission of an institution that claims to alleviate poverty and promote environmental sustainability.
		And in Iraq, the World Bank is working hand-in-glove with the occupying powers to develop an economic framework for private investment in the oil sector.
		IDA, IBRD, and GEF project information, including pending projects, is available on the World Bank's Database.
	www.seen.org /pages/reports/WB_brief_0903.shtml (1085 words)

	International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
		The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) has recently reduced its stake in Russia's Kalina cosmetics producer from 10.67 per cent to 5.92 per cent.(International News)(Brief Article) (Cosmetics International)
		The lawful scope of human rights criteria in world bank credit decisions: an interpretive analysis of the IBRD and IDA articles of agreement.(International Bank for Reconstruction and Development; International Development Association) (Cornell International Law Journal)
		Mission creep: originally created primarily to finance the reconstruction of war-torn Europe, the World Bank is now the primary financier of development projects in the Third World.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/history/A0825337.html (570 words)

	CONFERENCE AT BRETTON WOODS
		The Conference has agreed that expanded international investment is essential to provide a portion of the capital necessary for reconstruction and development.
		There is agreement that the Bank should guarantee loans made by others and that through their subscriptions of capital in all countries should share with the borrowing country in guaranteeing such loans.
		The proposals formulated at the Conference for the establishment of the Fund and the Bank are now submitted, in accordance with the terms of the invitation, for consideration of the governments and people of the countries represented.
	www.ibiblio.org /pha/policy/1944/440722a.html (655 words)

	EBRD - investing in countries from central Europe to central Asia
		Comments are invited to help the Bank in revising this strategy and these should be submitted by 6 Jan 2006.
		Reliable, market-oriented banking systems encourage foreign investment and local entrepreneurship.
		Comments are invited to help the Bank in revising these strategies.
	www.ebrd.com (315 words)

	Environment News Service ENS Latest Environmental Information Education Current Issues RSS
		The Kyoto climate protocol has not yet come into force, but governments of developed and developing countries alike are moving ahead to control their emissions of the greenhouse gases linked to global warming.
		Because South Africa is considered a developing country and as such does not have a formal emissions reduction target under the protocol, the South African government can utilize the investment options offered by the Clean Development Mechanism.
		Although as a developing country Mexico is not bound by Kyoto Protocol emissions limits, the government is establishing a voluntary national program to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions.
	www.ens-newswire.com /ens/oct2004/2004-10-13-04.asp (962 words)

	WDRs
		The World Bank's annual World Development Report (WDR) is an invaluable guide to the economic, social and environmental state of the world today.
		Past reports have considered such topics as the role of the state, transition economies, labor, infrastructure, health, the environment, and poverty.
		The reports are the Bank's best-known contribution to thinking about development.
	econ.worldbank.org /wdr/wdr2003 (343 words)

	The International Bank for Reconstruction and development (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The IBRD provides loans to developing countries that are capable of paying near-market interest rates.
		It accounts for about three-fourths of the Banks annual lending.
		It raises almost all its money in financial markets by selling bonds and debt securities to pension funds, insurance companies, corporations, banks, and individuals around the world.
	www.tamu.edu /classes/cosc/choudhury/w_bank/tsld009.htm (78 words)

	MSN Encarta - International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
		International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, specialized United Nations agency established at the Bretton Woods Conference in 1944.
		Find more about International Bank for Reconstruction and Development from
		Stiglitz, Joseph E. Search Encarta for International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
	encarta.msn.com /encnet/refpages/RefArticle.aspx?refid=761576922 (103 words)

	The Institute of International Finance, Inc.
		The upturn in private consumption after a two-year slump is bolstering the economic performance and should lift real GDP growth from 3 percent in the first half of this year to more than 4 percent in the second half and 5 percent in 2006.
		Timed to coincide with the Annual Meeting of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the new report forecasts that regional real GDP (excluding Russia) will grow by 5 percent this year and 4.5 percent in 2006 after growing by 6.2 percent in 2004.
		The IIF is in the process of developing a program of advisory and training support to assist bank directors and senior management to develop the risk management capabilities of their organisations.
	www.iif.com (2738 words)

	Global Poverty Report - ADB.org
		It is an annual report prepared by ADB, African Development Bank, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the Inter-American Bank for Development, the World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund.
		Many governments of developing countries believe that public-financed social safety nets are a luxury they cannot afford.
		Together with all stakeholders in each country, we are developing country strategies and programs to systematically address the concerns of the poor.
	www.adb.org /Documents/Reports/Global_Poverty/default.asp (1018 words)

	Trends in Developing Economies
		Assessments of economic development, especially in the recent past, are subject to interpretation.
		In many instances, the data for the most recent years are World Bank staff estimates that are preliminary and subject to revision; they may not conform to data published by national authorities.
		TIDE complements the World Bank's World Development Report, which looks at major global and regional economic trends and their implications for the future prospects of the developing economies.
	www.ciesin.org /IC/wbank/tde-home.html (618 words)

	Pravda.RU Russia's Loan From International Bank For Reconstruction And Development Is Designed For Resettling People ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Under the agreement the bank will give Russia a loan of 80 million dollars for the implementation of this pilot project.
		The Russian government, meeting on Thursday, approved an agreement with the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development for a loan to finance a pilot project to resettle incapable and unemployed people from the Far North, Deputy Prime Minister Viktor Khristenko told journalists.
		A decision to stop commercial sturgeon fisheries in the Caspian Sea from July 20 is an agreed position of the Caspian states and the UN convention on the international protection of species threatened with extinction.
	english.pravda.ru /world/2001/07/19/10562.html (1854 words)

	Internet Public Library: International Business
		Check out this information portal (a door to other sources) about enterprise development, international trade, finance, and economics on a global scale.
		Information about Central Banks of many different countries around the world, Ministries of Finance and Economics, Currency Boards, multilateral financial institutions, financial and economic conferences, bankers' institutes, history of Central Banks.
		The Foreign Trade Division formulates and develops overall plans and programs for the collection, processing, review, linkage with other economic data, and dissemination of statistical data regarding various aspects of the export and import trade of the United States and foreign trade shipping.
	www.ipl.org /div/subject/browse/bus45.00.00 (1141 words)

	The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / THE WORLD BANK - Bank, Indicators (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Abstract: this paper are entirely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the World Bank.
		0.2: Banking on Foreigners: The Behavior of International Bank..
		Washington, D.C.: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, 1997.
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /677316.html (196 words)

	GriffonBank
		Griffon Bank provides private banking with multicurrency current accounts to clients worldwide.
		Griffon Bank Limited has finished III quarter of 2005 with excellent financial results.
		Griffon Bank Limited announces increase of the interest rates in USD and EUR savings accounts and term deposits.
	www.GriffonBank.com (82 words)

	IFIwatchnet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Development, Economy, Ecology, Equity Latin America is an IFI Watcher.
		Several organizations have generously prepared notes on various sessions that took place as part of the 2005 IMF/World Bank Annual Meetings in Washington DC in late September.
		IFIwatchnet connects organisations worldwide which are monitoring international financial institutions (IFIs) such as the World Bank, the IMF, and regional development banks.
	www.ifiwatchnet.org (383 words)

	xPage, xSection, Northwestern University Library
		International Council for the Exploration of the Sea http://www.ices.dk/
		International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia http://www.un.org/icty/
		International Documents staff intend the list to be comprehensive.
	www.library.northwestern.edu /govpub/resource/internat/igo.html (950 words)

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