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Topic: International Code of Zoological Nomenclature

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International Code of Botanical Nomenclature

Nomenclature

Binomial nomenclature

Trinomial nomenclature

Biological types

Linnaean taxonomy

Scientific classification

Subspecies

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	How animals are given scientific names
		Hugh Strickland presented a Code of nomenclature to the British Association for the Advancement of Science (Charles Darwin was on its committee).
		At the 17th Congress of Zoology in Monaco, responsibility for future Codes was transferred from the International Zoological Congresses to the International Union of Biological Sciences.
		The Commission of Zoological Nomenclature decide that an available name is never to be used as a valid name despite the fact that it might be a senior synonym or homonym.
	www.museums.org.za /bio/animal_nomenclature.htm (3011 words)

	International Code of Zoological Nomenclature - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature is a set of rules in zoology that have one fundamental aim: to provide the maximum universality and continuity in classifying all animals according to taxonomic judgment.
		The Code is meant to guide the nomenclature of animals, while leaving the zoologists some degree of freedom in naming and classifying new species.
		The rules in the Code determine what names are potentially valid for any taxon including the ranks of subspecies and superfamily.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature (177 words)

	Australian Faunal Directory - ICZN extracts
		In zoological works genus-group names are often abbreviated to one or two letters; such abbreviations should always be followed by a full stop (period), and they should not be used on the first mention of the name.
		A term, not regulated by the Code, for a specimen originating from the type locality of the species or subspecies to which it is thought to belong, whether or not the specimen is part of the type series.
		Of an available name or a nomenclatural act: one that is acceptable under the provisions of the Code and, in the case of a name, which is the correct name of a taxon in an author's taxonomic judgment.
	www.environment.gov.au /biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/fauna/afd/iczn.html (6283 words)

	Zoological nomenclature: a basic guide for non-taxonomist authors
		There is a comprehensive International Code of Zoological Nomenclature which anyone who does taxonomy should study, but most other biologists will get by with a knowledge of a few simple rules derived from the Code.
		International Code of Zoological Nomenclature for this problem of presentation.
		International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (1985) "International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.
	www.annelida.net /zootax-tutor.html (1604 words)

	ICZN - Encyclopedia.com
		Commission of Zoological Nomenclature [ICZN] 2003) that Gray's (1856) v-nigra is the...
		The decision of the ICZN was to conserve...
		International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) to use its plenary powers to have the name D. hudsonicus...
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1O8-ICZN.html (956 words)

	Nomenclatural Glossary for Zoology - Thomson Scientific
		In zoological works genus-group names cited in binomial names of species are often abbreviated to one or two letters, which should always be followed by a full stop, and not used on the first mention of a name; similarly for specific names cited in trinomial names of subspecies.
		The duties and operation of the Commission are regulated by the Code (qv), and the powers and duties of the Commission are authorized by the International Zoological Congresses (qv).
		Zoological formulae are excluded from the provisions of the Code.
	scientific.thomson.com /support/products/zr/zoological-glossary (7330 words)

	International Code of Zoological Nomenclature - Encyclopedia.com
		pertain to this code: the International Committee on Phylogenetic Nomenclature (ICPN) and...
		International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (Saint Louis code), adopted by the Sixteenth...
		INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION OF International code of zoological nomenclature, 4th ed.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1O8-InternatnlCdfZlgclNmncltr.html (748 words)

	PHORONIDA : From phylum to genus
		These authors applied the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) in a strict, almost fundamentalist way, for they were unaware that the Phoronida represent one of the exceptions to this Code* and that "no code is perfect.
		International code of zoological nomenclature, 4e ed., p.
		Code International de nomenclature zoologique, 4e ed., p.
	paleopolis.rediris.es /Phoronida/SYST/PHORONIDA/Phylum-genus_EN.html (344 words)

	Glossary
		An emendation that is correct according to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, e.g., the name susani is proposed as a patronym for a woman named Susan; according to the Code the name must be changed to susanae and is a justified emendation.
		A name that does not fulfill the criteria set by the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature as a legally described scientific name and therefore cannot be used unless it is subsequently proposed correctly.
		An emendation that is incorrect according to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, e.g., the generic name Hemiberlesea Lindinger is an incorrect change of Hemiberlesia Cockerell according to the Code and is an unjustified emendation.
	www.sel.barc.usda.gov /scalenet/glossary.htm (856 words)

	International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (Tokyo Code) - Article 45
		If a taxon originally assigned to a group not covered by this Code is treated as belonging to a group of plants other than algae, the authorship and date of any of its names are determined by the first publication that satisfies the requirements for valid publication under this Code.
		1969), although available under the International code of zoological nomenclature as the name of a genus of rhizopods, is not valid when the taxon is treated as belonging to the fungi because the original publication lacked a Latin diagnosis.
		1921, "Protodiniferidae"), available under the International code of zoological nomenclature, is validly published as a name of a family of algae with its original authorship and date but with the original termination changed in accordance with Art.
	www.bgbm.fu-berlin.de /iapt/nomenclature/code/tokyo-e/Art_45.htm (734 words)

	CAS - Research - Ichthyology - The Catalog of Fishes - Glossary
		Through action of ICZN, use of a name is preserved as the valid name (when it would not otherwise be valid); or a work is declared to be published (when it would not otherwise be available).
		International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature; the judicial body empowered to enforce and interpret the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.
		Power of the International Commission to suspend articles of the Code to settle particular cases.
	www.calacademy.org /research/ichthyology/catalog/gloss.html (1144 words)

	Nomenclature
		This complex set of rules was developed by the ICZN and adopted by the International Union of Biological Sciences.
		A central concept of the International Code is use of types as "name bearers." When scientists describe new species of Phasmida, they designate one individual for each species as the holotype or name bearer for that species.
		In some cases it is a required emendation (deliberate change in spelling) because the International Code specifies certain changes to fit the required format (no digits, no hyphen, no diacritical marks, gender of a species name in conformity with the gender of the genus name).
	phasmida.speciesfile.org /Nomenclature.aspx (1650 words)

	Australian Faunal Directory - ICZN extracts
		In zoological works genus-group names are often abbreviated to one or two letters; such abbreviations should always be followed by a full stop (period), and they should not be used on the first mention of the name.
		A term, not regulated by the Code, for a specimen originating from the type locality of the species or subspecies to which it is thought to belong, whether or not the specimen is part of the type series.
		Of an available name or a nomenclatural act: one that is acceptable under the provisions of the Code and, in the case of a name, which is the correct name of a taxon in an author's taxonomic judgment.
	www.deh.gov.au /biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/fauna/afd/iczn.html (6274 words)

	International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) is a set of rules in zoology that have one fundamental aim: to provide the maximum universality and continuity in classifying all animals according to taxonomic judgment.
		International Code of Zoological Nomenclature Adopted By the XV International Congress of Zoology
		Procedure in taxonomy,: Including a reprint in translation of the RÃ¨gles internationales de la nomenclature zoÃ¶logique (International code of zoÃ¶logical...
	www.abacci.com /wikipedia/topic.aspx?cur_title=International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature (249 words)

	Chrysis.net - a web resource about Hymenoptera Chrysididae & Macrophotography
		A term, not regulated by the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, for a designated specimen that is the opposite sex of the holotype specimen.
		A term, not regulated by the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, for one or more specimens collected at the same location as the type species or subspecies to which it is thought to belong, whether or not the specimen is part of the type series.
		An emendation that is incorrect according to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.
	www.chrysis.net /chrysis/resources/glossary_zoo.htm (913 words)

	The Sea Slug Forum - International Code of Zoological Nomenclature
		International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature provides and regulates a uniform system of zoological nomenclature ensuring that every animal has a unique and universally accepted scientific name.
		The maintenance of international standards in animal nomenclature is the unique role of the Commission.
		• ICZN publishes the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature containing the rules universally accepted as governing the application of scientific names to all organisms which are treated as animals.
	www.seaslugforum.net /factsheet.cfm?base=iczn (158 words)

	e3nomen (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In ranking nomenclatures a nomenclatural taxon is determined only by two attributes: by a rank and by a type taxon of lower rank.
		Thus, for supraspecific taxa it is expedient to change the ranking nomenclature to the hierarchical one, and for the names of species-group it is expedient to preserve the ranking nomenclature of the ICZN.
		Hierarchical typificated nomenclature on base of ICZN This nomenclature is successfully used by the author for all supraspecific taxa of Ephemeroptera.
	www.famu.edu /acad/research/mayfly/kluge/e3nomenc.html (6470 words)

	Biological Nomenclature - McNeill: The BioCode: Integrated bionomenclature for the 21st century?
		Biological nomenclature, the principles and procedures governing the scientific names of organisms (animals, plants, fungi, protists, bacteria, etc.) and also of viruses, is vital for all scientific communication.
		Anyone who has used our existing codes to try to determine the application of many of the old and little used names published in eighteenth and early nineteenth century literature will recognize how time-consuming a thorough nomenclatural investigation under the terms of the existing codes must be.
		In the light of these nomenclatural problems that are particularly serious for protists, some have suggested a new and separate code of nomenclature for protists (see Corliss [1993] for references).
	www.life.umd.edu /emeritus/reveal/pbio/nomcl/mcne.html (3128 words)

	Type - Palaeos (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Under the Zoological Code since 1999, any species description that does not explicitly designate a type is deemed invalid, and the species name a nomen nudum.
		The Bacteriological Code of Nomenclature requires that cultures of the type strain be deposited in at least two separate institutes' culture stores.
		The original type retains name-bearing status, and should the epitype later prove not to be conspecific, the name remains with the holotype (however, it is not uncommon for the International Association of Plant Taxonomy to conserve the common understanding of a name by setting aside the holotype in favour of the epitype).
	www.palaeos.org /Type (666 words)

	The New International Code of Zoological Nomenclature and Related Issues
		The new code introduces updated provisions affecting many aspects of zoological nomenclature such as proposals of new names, lectotype designations and neotype fixations.
		It has not be possible, however, to introduce in the new code other provisions a sizeable part of the zoological community was waiting for: in particular, provisions for the registration of works and/or names.
		Information about the new International Code of Zoological Nomenclature and the ICZN may be obtained from the Commission's Website (www.iczn.org) or Secretariat (e-mail iczn@nhm.ac.uk).
	shum.cc.huji.ac.il /~por/icz_xviii/ICZN.html (388 words)

	Appendix 2. Functional classes of TAXON scientific names.
		There are several codes of nomenclature that regulate the description and use of names in different branches of the tree of life.
		These are: the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN), the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN), the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP), the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria (ICNB), and the International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature (ICVCN).
		The viral code is less well developed than the others, but it includes an official classification for the viruses as well as a list of approved species names.
	www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov /books/bv.fcgi?rid=handbook.section.317 (1782 words)

	.....Naturhistorisches Museum.....
		Work at zoological museum collections and its contribution to the understanding of the various species is based on the fact that knowledge on the peculiarities of each type of living being can only be accumulated and assigned correctly if the various species are clearly recognized and distinguished.
		The "International Code of Zoological Nomenclature", which regulates scientific nomenclature also claims the deposition of newly described taxa in the form of type specimens.
		The older and richer zoological collections are, the higher is their importance as archives of biological diversity.
	www.nhm-wien.ac.at /NHM/1Zoo/first_zoological_department/web/herpetol/z1hp_02e.html (1506 words)

	International Code of Zoological Nomenclature from On-line Medical Dictionary (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Adopted by the International Congresses of Zoology and Administered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature.
		The most recent version of the Code, adopted in principle by the 20th General Assembly of the International Union of Biological Sciences at Helsinki in 1979, was approved by the ICZN late in 1983.
		Minor amendments for immediate incorporation are published in Bulletin Zoological Nomenclature as Declarations to remain in force until ratified or rejected by future congresses.
	cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk /cgi-bin/omd?International+Code+of+Zoological+Nomenclature (150 words)

	Code of nomenclature
		This complex set of rules was developed by the ICZN and adopted by the International Union of Biological Sciences.
		A central concept of the International Code is use of types as "name bearers." When scientists describe new species of Orthoptera, they designate one individual for each species as the holotype or name bearer for that species.
		In some cases it is a required emendation (deliberate change in spelling) because the International Code specifies certain changes to fit the required format (no digits, no hyphen, no diacritical marks, gender of a species name in conformity with the gender of the genus name).
	osf2.orthoptera.org /Nomenclature.aspx (1659 words)

	International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature
		A zoologist should not publish a new name if he or she has reason to believe that another person has already recognized the same taxon and intends to establish a name for it (or that the taxon is to be named in a posthumous work).
		Intemperate language should not be used in any discussion or writing which involves zoological nomenclature, and all debates should be conducted in a courteous and friendly manner.
		The observation of these principles is a matter for the proper feelings and conscience of individual zoologists, and the Commission is not empowered to investigate or rule upon alleged breaches of them.
	ethics.iit.edu /codes/coe/int.comm.zoo.nom.html (367 words)

	International Code of Zoological Nomenclature
		The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature is a set of rules in zoology that have one fundamental aim: to provide the maximum universality and continuity in the naming of all animals according...
		International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature provides and regulates a uniform system of...
		There are three main Codes of Nomenclature: the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, covering animals; the International Code...
	www.logicjungle.com /wiki/International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature (287 words)

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