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Topic: International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature

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	International Code of Zoological Nomenclature - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature is a set of rules in zoology that have one fundamental aim: to provide the maximum universality and continuity in classifying all animals according to taxonomic judgment.
		The Code is meant to guide the nomenclature of animals, while leaving the zoologists some degree of freedom in naming and classifying new species.
		In opinion 2027 (published in Volume 60, Part 1 of the Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 31 March 2003 [1]) the Commission "conserved the usage of 17 specific names based on wild species, which are pre-dated by or contemporary with those based on domestic forms", confirming F.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature (781 words)

	How animals are given scientific names (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		Hugh Strickland presented a Code of nomenclature to the British Association for the Advancement of Science (Charles Darwin was on its committee).
		International Commission of five zoologists appointed at the 3rd Congress in Leyden.
		The Commission of Zoological Nomenclature decide that an available name is never to be used as a valid name despite the fact that it might be a senior synonym or homonym.
	www.museums.org.za /bio/animal_nomenclature.htm (3011 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: International Code of Zoological Nomenclature
		The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) is a set of rules in zoology that have one fundamental aim: to provide the maximum universality and continuity in classifying all animals according to taxonomic judgment.
		Botanical nomenclature is independent of zoological and bacteriological nomenclature, which are governed by their own Codes (see Nomenclature Codes).
		Nomenclature concerns itself only with the question which name should be used for any taxon that is recognized by taxonomy: see correct name.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/International-Code-of-Zoological-Nomenclature (423 words)

	International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		For taxonomists who consider these two kinds of cat to be a single species rule of priority means that the species ought to be named 'F. catus' but in practice almost all biologists have used 'F. silvestris' for the wild cat.
		In opinion 2027 (published in Volume 60, Part 1 of the 'Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature', 31 March 2003 http://www.nhm.ac.uk/hosted_sites/iczn/BZNMar2003opinions.htm) the Commission "conserved the usage of 17 specific names based on wild species, which are pre-dated by or contemporary with those based on domestic forms", confirming 'F. silvestris' for the wild cat.
		Taxonomists who consider the domesticated cat a subspecies of the wild cat should use 'F. silvestris catus'; the name 'F. catus' remains available for the domestic cat where it is considered to be a separate species.
	www.paloweb.com /wikipedia.asp?l=en&pages=International+Code+of+Zoological+Nomenclature (795 words)

	Nomenclatural Glossary for Zoology - Thomson Scientific
		In zoological works genus-group names cited in binomial names of species are often abbreviated to one or two letters, which should always be followed by a full stop, and not used on the first mention of a name; similarly for specific names cited in trinomial names of subspecies.
		The duties and operation of the Commission are regulated by the Code (qv), and the powers and duties of the Commission are authorized by the International Zoological Congresses (qv).
		the Commission (qv) is empowered by use of its Plenary Powers (qv) to prevent the application of a rule of the Code (qv) where such application in a particular case would disturb the stability or universality or cause confusion in zoological nomenclature.
	scientific.thomson.com /support/products/zr/zoological-glossary (7330 words)

	Australian Faunal Directory - ICZN extracts
		In zoological works genus-group names are often abbreviated to one or two letters; such abbreviations should always be followed by a full stop (period), and they should not be used on the first mention of the name.
		The power of the Commission to suspend or modify the application of Articles 1 to 76 of the Code in the way which it considers necessary to serve the interests of stability and universality of nomenclature in a particular case.
		Of an available name or a nomenclatural act: one that is acceptable under the provisions of the Code and, in the case of a name, which is the correct name of a taxon in an author's taxonomic judgment.
	www.deh.gov.au /biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/fauna/afd/iczn.html (6274 words)

	What is the ICZN (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature)?
		ICZN, or the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, is responsible for assigning unique scientific names to animals in keeping with existing international taxonomic standards.
		ICZN is responsible for publishing the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, which lays out universally accepted rules for assigning names to animals.
		Zoological nomenclature is no easy task, with millions of animals already recognized and some 17,000 more added every year.
	www.wisegeek.com /what-is-the-international-commission-on-zoological-nomenclature.htm (339 words)

	MBL :: Inside the MBL :: Publications / Databases :: Keys to Marine Invertebrates
		It may be assumed that the vast majority of zoologists agree with the Commission in desiring results rather than polemics, and the Commission ventures to suggest that results may be obtained more easily by the utmost consideration for the usual rules of courtesy when discussing the views of others.
		The dangers attending the use of sarcasm and intemperate language in discussions on zoological nomenclature were specially considered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature at the Session held at Monaco in March 1913 during the Ninth International Congress of Zoology.
		Nomenclature has been called "the grammar of science" and possibly there is some inborn feeling that changes in nomenclature involve a reflection upon one's education, culture and breeding.
	www.mbl.edu /inside/what/news/publications/biobull/keys/opinions.html (437 words)

	Principles of nomenclature of zoological taxa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		This nomenclature is of no practical use, since no criteria of name availability have been formulated (about the importance of availability criteria see I.3.1.1), and it is hard to imagine what such criteria might be.
		Phylogenetic nomenclature as suggested by some authors (not cited here because of their poor knowledge of nomenclatural principles) violates the ICZN: phylogenetic nomenclature takes family names generated according to the ICZN rules of ranking nomenclature (see I.3.3.1 below) are use them under entirely different set of rules.
		Unlike in the ICZN's nomenclature, in the hierarchy-based nomenclature no name is assigned absolute rank (such as genus, family, etc.), but refers rather to a relative rank indicated by the number of higher hierarchically subordinated taxa.
	www.bio.pu.ru /win/entomol/KLUGE/zoo-name.htm (12154 words)

	ZooBank Discussion Paper
		A proposal for the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) to establish ZooBank, an open-access, mandatory registration system for descriptions of all new taxa and nomenclatural acts in animal taxonomy was published recently (Polaszek et al., 2005).
		Zoological Record has been the resource that until now has come closest to answering that need by its annual publication of all those new animal names and taxonomic acts in zoology that come to its attention.
		The producers of Zoological Record are therefore the ideal collaborators, with the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN), for the development and implementation of ZooBank.
	www.nhm.ac.uk /hosted_sites/iczn/ZooBank_Paper.htm (423 words)

	ICZN Code (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		Our proposal: try to move towards a unified biological nomenclature of organisms, replace generic homonyms, in a first step not to allow new generic names that are preoccupied in botany or bacteria.
		First nomenclatural act is given precedence, in cases like First Reviser, fixation of type species, first inclusion of species into a genus, lectotype and neotype designation.
		The Commission shall consider any application, publish Official Lists and Indexes with names and works that were rules officially, publish in the Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, and report to the international body.
	www.animalbase.uni-goettingen.de /zooweb/servlet/AnimalBase/loadcachedpage?url=animalbase-code.html (9853 words)

	CICHLID-L archives -- February 1997 (#76) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		ICZN Articles 23b and 79c require that suppression of a senior synonym be subject to the approval of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature; thus H. unimaculatus should be used in the first place.
		Stability of nomenclature may be better served by retaining Gunther's name nicaraguensis (described as Heros nicaraguensis) which is relatively well known to students familiar with Central American cichlids, and suppressing unimaculatus.
		You are welcome to vote for or against unimaculatus, and that could be guiding for an application to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, but it may be helpful to have the full paper on the Agassiz cichlids available first.
	listserv.nic.museum /cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind9702&L=cichlid-l&F=&S=&P=5336 (449 words)

	Nomenclature - vizier.nao.ac.jp/viz-bin/Dic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		The nomenclature for a simple cycloalkane is based on the parent hydrocarbon, with the simple addition of the prefix cyclo.
		The rules for the genetic nomenclature of Drosophila melanogaster have evolved This document is a guide to the nomenclature of Drosophila melanogaster.
		The nomenclature for HIV-1 subtypes and CRFs was revised in the fall of 1999; This was decided upon by the HIV Nomenclature Committee because sequences
	www.hispider.com /?q=nomenclature (475 words)

	Zoological Nomenclature Between Dream and Drama - Names For Concepts Or Concepts Despite Names? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		Within the provisions of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, there is no place for animals not obviously belonging to species, e.g., for hybrids.
		We cannot exceedingly blame the users of nomenclature for adding apples and cherries so far as we, the producers of taxonomy and taxonomic nomenclature, ruthlessly conceal this amazing and still problematic diversity of objects and concepts under the quiet veil of one and the same kind of names (Linnean binomina).
		Several people see, either with approval or with anxiety, that current trends in nomenclature could (or should) lead to the development of a 'double nomenclature', one side being for the phylogenetic system, the other side for the traditional, user-friendly classification.
	www.imbc.gr /biblio_serv/systematics/X0026_1.2.html (569 words)

	The International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN), and the new Code (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		All those attending the Athens Congress will be able to participate in the election of several new members of the ICZN, which since the Congress of 1895 has had two main duties: formulating successive editions of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, and regulating its application in those cases where strict adherence would cause confusion.
		Information about the new International Code of Zoological Nomenclature and the ICZN may be obtained from the Commission's Website (www.iczn.org) or Secretariat (e-mail iczn@nhm.ac.uk).
		Several representatives of the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, including the President (Prof A. Minelli, (Italy) and the Executive Secretary (Dr P.K. Tubbs (U.K.)), will be at the Congress and will welcome informal discussions with participants in addition to the General Discussion C4 on 31 August.
	shum.cc.huji.ac.il /~por/icz_xviii/ICZNMeeting.html (326 words)

	International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) is a set of rules in zoology that have one fundamental aim: to the maximum universality and continuity in classifying animals according to taxonomic judgment.
		The Code is meant to the nomenclature of animals while leaving the zoologists some degree of freedom in naming classifying new species.
		Such exceptions not made by an individual scientist no how well-respected within his or her field only by the Commission acting on behalf all zoologists.
	www.freeglossary.com /International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature (295 words)

	The Sea Slug Forum - Haminoea
		To those who are unfamiliar with such things, scientific names are governed by International Rules which, in the case of animals, are overseen by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature.
		In such cases a submission must be made to the International Commission who have the power to resolve the issue, either by interpreting the Rules or in special cases, over-riding the Rules.
		I urge the Commission to rule in favour of the Gianuzzi-Savelli (1987) and against the Gianuzzi-Savelli & Gentry (1990) submission.
	www.seaslugforum.net /display.cfm?id=328 (510 words)

	International Code of Zoological Nomenclature
		The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature is a set of rules in zoology that have one fundamental aim: to provide the maximum universality and continuity in classifying all animals according to...
		There are three main Codes of Nomenclature: the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, covering animals; the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature, covering plants (including fungi...
		A name that is correctly proposed according to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.
	www.logicjungle.com /wiki/International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature (313 words)

	Science Show - 29/3/2003: Naming the Animals
		One is the Earl of Cranbrook, zoologist, expert on birds from whose nests the Chinese make soup, and he’s also Chair of the International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, which sadly is in trouble.
		The secretariat is very small, we run it extremely economically but the thing that embarrass me acutely is that we only run it with the goodwill of the scientists who are involved.
		As the Commission’s Secretariat in the Natural History Museum in London these people are actually working on salaries that are well below the salaries of their fellows equally well-qualified who are working as scientific staff in the Museum.
	www.abc.net.au /rn/science/ss/stories/s814472.htm (1038 words)

	ICZN Homepage
		Its task is to create, publish and, periodically, to revise the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature.
		The Commission also considers and rules on specific case of nomenclatural uncertainty.
		ICZN is supported by the International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature (ITZN): UK Registered Charity No. 211944, Limited Company No. 429091 and VAT No. GB 240018319.
	www.iczn.org (120 words)

	Case 3171 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		Comments in support or otherwise would be of great value to the Commission in considering this application and are invited for publication on this website.
		Usages of Cryphops since 1959 have chosen to follow the authority of the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, rather than the Code of Nomenclature; they are in fact deliberate violations of the Principle of Priority.
		The lack of any published use of Gortania subsequent to its proposed replacement for Micropthalmus by Cossmann in 1909, and the sequence of nomenclatural activity involving the universally accepted Cryphops supports the set of ICZN actions proposed here by Holloway and Campbell.
	www.aloha.net /~smgon/ICZN3171.htm (1485 words)

	Hints for Entomologists
		A basis for discussion of the new Internatinal Code of Zoological Nomenclatur is installed at the internet.
		The Official Periodical of the International Commission Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN); London.
		Published for the proprietors by the Zoological Society of London, Vol.
	www.geller-grimm.de /entomo07.htm (356 words)

	Re: Ceolophysis ref.
		Following controversy over the lack of a type specimen adequate to establish the taxonomic identity of the genus Coelophysis, the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature (Opinion 1842) assigned a new type specimen (neotype) displayed in the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH 7224), as requested in a petition presented by Colbert and others.
		Colbert and a number of other researchers opposed this nomenclatural action as unnecessary and confusing, given the long-established usage of Coelophysis, and filed a petition under ICZN (1985) Recommendation 75E and Art.
		However, the ICZN voted in favor of Colbert's petition in June, 1996, and the name Coelophysis was given a new diagnostic type specimen, and added to the Official List of Generic Names in Zoology.
	dml.cmnh.org /1996Nov/msg00372.html (516 words)

	PhyloCode Preface (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		The development of the International Code of Phylogenetic Nomenclature (referred to here as the PhyloCode) grew out of the recognition that the current rank-based systems of nomenclature, as embodied in the current botanical, zoological, and bacteriological codes, are not well suited to govern the naming of clades and species.
		These specifiers function analogously to the types of rank-based nomenclature in providing reference points that determine the application of a name; however, they differ from types in that they may either be included in or excluded from the taxon being named, and multiple specifiers may be used.
		Another benefit of phylogenetic nomenclature is that it permits (though it does not require) the abandonment of categorical ranks, which would eliminate the most subjective aspect of traditional taxonomy.
	www.ohiou.edu /phylocode/preface.html (5585 words)

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