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Topic: International Committee for Weights and Measures

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	International Committee for Weights and Measures - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The International Committee for Weights and Measures is the English name of the Comité international des poids et mesures (CIPM, sometimes written in English Comité International des Poids et Mesures).
		Its principal task is to ensure world-wide uniformity in units of measurement and it does this by direct action or by submitting proposals to the General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM, Conférence générale des poids et mesures).
		The CIPM meets annually at the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM, Bureau international des poids et mesures), and discusses reports presented to it by its Consultative Committees.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/International_Committee_for_Weights_and_Measures (230 words)

	Metric Convention of 1875
		The operation of the international bureau shall be under the exclusive direction and supervision of an international committee of weights and measures, which latter shall be under the control of a general conference for weights and measures, to be composed of the delgates of all the contracting governments.
		The entire expense of the construction and outfit of the international bureau of weights and mesasures, together with the annual cost of its maintenance and the expenses of the committee, shall be defrayed by contributions from the contracting states, the amount of which shall be computed in proportion to the actual population of each.
		The international committee shall prepare detailed regulations for the organization and the labors of the bureau, and shall fix the amounts to be paid for the performance of the extraordinary duties provided for in article 6 of this convention.
	lamar.colostate.edu /~hillger/laws/metric-convention.html (3615 words)

	Second (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		This definition was ratified by the Eleventh General Conference on Weights and Measures in 1960.
		Ephemeris Time (ET) was defined as the measure of time that brings the observed positions of the celestial bodies into accord with the Newtonian dynamical theory of motion.
		They determined the orbital motion of the Moon about the Earth, from which the apparent motion of the Sun could be inferred, in terms of time as measured by an atomic clock.
	bopedia.com /en/wikipedia/s/se/second.html (443 words)

	International Bureau of Weights and Measures - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The task of the BIPM is to ensure world-wide uniformity of measurements and their traceability to the International System of Units (SI).
		It does this with the authority of the Convention du Mètre, a diplomatic treaty between fifty-one nations (as of 2005), and it operates through a series of Consultative Committees, whose members are the national metrology laboratories of the Member States of the Convention, and through its own laboratory work.
		the International Committee for Weights and Measures (CIPM, Comité international des poids et mesures)
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bureau_International_des_Poids_et_Mesures (213 words)

	International Committee for Weights and Measures (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The committee consists of eighteen scientists elected at the previous CGPM, each from a different nation that is signatory to the Meter Convention.
		The committee receives reports, recommends modifications to the SI to the CGPM, and can pass resolutions clarifying aspects of the SI without the approval of the CGPM.
		It also oversees the International Bureau of Weights and Measures.
	www.sizes.com /units/CIPM.htm (80 words)

	056-058
		It describes in detail the radically modified fixed and moving coils of the current balance; the measurements made on the coil dimensions; computa-tions of their fields and interactions; and the force measurements relating current through a coil to the values of the national reference resistors and voltage standards of the time.
		The effect of the measured dimensions of the small coil on the computed mutual inductance was the largest contribution to the uncertainty, which totaled about 8.A/ A. Also contributing to the uncertainty were the determination of the balancing mass and the of the acceleration due to gravity.
		The present definition of the unit of mass in the SI is based on the International Prototype of the Kilogram, which is a cylinder of platinum-iridium housed at the BIPM in France.
	nvl.nist.gov /pub/nistpubs/sp958-lide/html/056-058.html (1682 words)

	OMEGA ENGINEERING - The International Temperature Scale of 1990
		The International Temperature Scale of 1990 was adopted by the International Committee of Weights and Measures at its meeting in 1989, in accordance with the request embodied in Resolution 7 of the 18th General Conference of Weights and Measures of 1987.
		This scale supersedes the International Practical Temperature Scale of 1968 (amended edition of 1975) and the 1976 Provisional 0.5 K to 30 K Temperature Scale.
		For measurements of the very highest precision there may be detectable numerical differences between measurements made at the same temperature but in accordance with differing definitions.
	www.omega.com /techref/intltemp.html (2998 words)

	The Metric Convention (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The time and frequency functions were initially implemented by the Bureau International de l’heure, which was located at the Paris Observatory.
		These functions were transferred to the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) in the 70’s.
		The Consultative Committee for Time and Frequency was originally called the Consultative Committee for the Definition of the Second.
	www.abanet.org /scitech/ec/isc/levine/tsld003.html (156 words)

	Introduction: International and U.S. perspective on measurement uncertainty
		A measurement result is complete only when accompanied by a quantitative statement of its uncertainty.
		Because of this lack of international agreement on the expression of uncertainty in measurement, in 1977 the International Committee for Weights and Measures (CIPM, Comité International des Poids et Measures), the world's highest authority in the field of measurement science (i.e.
		The uncertainty in the result of a measurement generally consists of several components which may be grouped into two categories according to the way in which their numerical value is estimated.
	www.physics.nist.gov /cuu/Uncertainty/international1.html (553 words)

	Statements of Uncertainty Associated with Measurement Results - Appendix E
		This policy requires that NIST measurement results be accompanied by such statements and that a uniform approach to expressing measurement uncertainty be followed.
		This group was convened in 1980 by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) in response to a request by the CIPM.
		To ensure that such statements are consistent with each other and with present international practice, this NIST policy adopts in substance the approach to expressing measurement uncertainty recommended by the International Committee for Weights and Measures (CIPM).
	www.nist.gov /admin/mo/adman/409appe.htm (1393 words)

	International Bureau of Weights and Measures (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The International Prototype of the Kilogram, the sole remaining physical prototype of an SI unit, is kept at the Bureau, as well the International Prototype of the Meter.
		The BIPM is responsible to the International Committee for Weights and Measures (CIPM).
		The International Bureau of Weights and Measures 1875-1975.
	www.sizes.com /units/BIPM.htm (211 words)

	International Temperature Scales of 1948, 1968 and 1990
		The Practical Salinity Scale 1978 (PSS-78) and the 1980 International Equation of State of Seawater (EOS-80) are based on measurements which are in turn based on the International Practical Temperature Scale 1968 (IPTS-68, Barber 1969).
		The International Committee for Weights and Measures adopted a new International Temperature Scale (ITS-90) during its meetings in September 1989.
		It is of great importance that all data reports indicate specifically whether data are reported on the older International Practical Temperature Scales of 1948 or 1968 (IPTS-48, IPTS-68) or on the ITS-90 scale.
	www.ices.dk /ocean/procedures/its.htm (505 words)

	United States Code: 15 USC Sec. 205 - Weights and Measures and Standard Time, Weights, Measures, and Standards ...
		All executive branch departments and agencies of the United States Government are directed to take all appropriate measures within their authority to carry out the provisions of this order.
		The transition to use of metric units in Government publications should be made as publications are revised on normal schedules or new publications are developed, or as metric publications are required in support of metric usage pursuant to paragraph (a) of this section.
		This order is intended only to improve the internal management of the executive branch and is not intended to create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law by a party against the United States, its agencies, its officers, or any other person.
	vm.cfsan.fda.gov /~lrd/15c205a.html (1170 words)

	Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
		The organs of the Metre Convention have different tasks: Every four years the delegates of all member states meet to hold the General Conference for Weights and Measures (CGPM).
		This decides on the proposals of the International Committee for Weights and Measures (CIPM) as well as of the individual Consultative Committees.
		The executive organ is the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) which has its seat in Sèvres near Paris and is a scientific institute maintaining the international measurement standards for the physical quantities and works on their permanent development within the framework of its metrological basic research.
	www.ptb.de /en/wegweiser/welt/organisationen/metrologie.html (291 words)

	Metrology - International Collaboration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Traceability means that it must be possible to relate a measurement result back to national or international standards via an unbroken chain of comparisons.
		Global traceability of units in the SI system is ensured through joint research in the form of international comparison measurements, expert groups and research projects conducted by the various countries' national standards laboratories.
		For many years, the National Metrology Institutes have had a well established international collaboration through the Metre Convention and through the International Bureau for Weights and Measures BIPM (Bureau International des Poids et Mesures), and its advisory body, the International Committee of Weights and Measures CIPM (Comité International des Poids et Mesures).
	www.sp.se /Metrology/Eng/international.htm (259 words)

	ITS-90
		The official French text of the ITS-90 is published by the BIPM as part of the Procès-verbaux of the Comité International des Poids et Mesures (CIPM).
		The International Temperature Scale of 1990 was adopted by the International Committee of Weights and Measures at its meeting in 1989, in accordance with the request embodied in Resolution 7 of the 18
		General Conference of Weights and Measures of 1987.
	www.its-90.com /its-90.html (382 words)

	US CODE: Title 15,205a. Congressional statement of findings
		709), which established the General Conference of Weights and Measures, the International Committee of Weights and Measures and the International Bureau of Weights and Measures.
		(4) Industry in the United States is often at a competitive disadvantage when dealing in international markets because of its nonstandard measurement system, and is sometimes excluded when it is unable to deliver goods which are measured in metric terms.
		(5) The inherent simplicity of the metric system of measurement and standardization of weights and measures has led to major cost savings in certain industries which have converted to that system.
	www4.law.cornell.edu /uscode/15/205a.html (259 words)

	International Temp Stds
		The International Temperature Scale of 1990 was adopted by the International Committee of Weights and Measures at its meeting in 1989.
		The unit of the fundamental physical quantity known as thermodynamic temperature, symbol T, is the kelvin symbol K, defined as the fraction 1 / 273.16 of the thermodynamic temperature of the triple point of water.
		From the freezing point of aluminum to the freezing point of silver the above values of a, b and c are retained and the value of d is determined from the measured deviation from W
	www.electro-optical.com /unitconv/tempref/its90.html (2828 words)

	BIPM
		As a matter of policy, the U.S. Naval Observatory timescale, UTC(USNO), and its real-time implementation, Master Clock #2 (MC #2), are kept within a close but unspecified tolerance of the international atomic timescale published by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (International Bureau of Weights and Measures [BIPM]) in Sevres, France.
		The principle behind this arrangement is that measurements against the real-time reference MC #2 are immutable facts, whereas improvements are made in our unsteered internal mean timescale A.1 as systematic disturbances are identified after the fact.
		Since most of these systems have global coverage and are widely used, there is need to approximate the international reference as closely as the state of the art allows - in real time.
	tycho.usno.navy.mil /bipm.html (569 words)

	Chemistry International -- Newsmagazine for IUPAC
		For these reasons, the scientists strive to determine the values of these constants with ever greater accuracy in terms of the base units of our system of measurement, such as the kilogram, metre, second, ampere, and kelvin—the base units of the SI, the International System of units.
		The most interesting constants for chemistry from the new 2002 best estimates, comparing the 1986, 1998, and 2002 values, can be viewed in the accompanying table (pdf file).
		Ian M. Mills is professor of chemistry at the University of Reading; since 1996, he is the IUPAC representative on the International Committee on Weights and Measures/Consultative Committee on Units.
	www.iupac.org /publications/ci/2004/2603/iw3_mills.html (814 words)

	Meitner, Lise and Michelson, Albert Abraham
		He developed a new kind of interferometer (a measuring instrument) in 1880, and a second in 1920 which produced the first accurate measurement of a star's diameter.
		He also suggested the use of this measurement as a standard unit of length.
		The International Committee on Weights and Measures adopted this standard unit in 1925.
	www.light-science.com /meitner&michelson.html (688 words)

	Standards Australia Limited
		A group of 100 International Standards experts are meeting in Sydney this week to discuss the implications for International fire safety Standards following the collapse of the World Trade Centre in September last year.
		Australians have been appointed to a number of the major governance positions in international organisations responsible for the development of international Standards and conformance, which stands to boost Australia’s business profile and improve relationships with our global trading partners.
		More than 40 representatives from the international toy industry will be meeting in Sydney this week in an attempt to reduce technical barriers to trade which are restricting the sale and purchase of toys around the world.
	www.standards.org.au /cat.asp?catid=43&contentid=266&News=1 (1338 words)

	Leap Seconds
		The confusion arises because some mistake leap seconds for a measure of the rate at which the Earth is slowing.
		International Atomic Time (TAI) is a statistical atomic time scale based on a large number of clocks operating at standards laboratories around the world that is maintained by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures; its unit interval is exactly one SI second at sea level.
		The computed path of a solar eclipse that occurred 2000 years ago would be in error by about 3 hours, or some 45 degrees in longitude to the west, on the assumption that the rate of rotation of the earth were uniform.
	tycho.usno.navy.mil /leapsec.html (1741 words)

	NIST TN 1297: Appen. C. NIST Technical Communications Program
		Many of NIST's sister national standards laboratories as well as a number of important metrological organizations, including the Western European Calibration Cooperation (WECC) and EUROMET, have adopted the approach recommended by the International Committee for Weights and Measures (CIPM) in 1981 [1] and reaffirmed by the CIPM in 1986 [2].
		Additional guidance on the use of the CIPM approach at NIST may be found in Guidelines for Evaluating and Expressing the Uncertainty of NIST Measurement Results [5].
		Classic expositions of the statistical evaluation of measurement processes are given in references [6-8].
	physics.nist.gov /Pubs/guidelines/appc.html (1380 words)

	NIST Laboratory Metrology: Home Page
		International Committee of Weights and Measures (CIPM) 81/91 Air Density Executable File availble in a.zip format*
		On request, we can provide a copy of the paper on which the equations are based, but not the source code itself.
		The 2006 Combined Regional Measurement Assurance Program training sessions will be held October 29, to November 3, 2006 at the Omni Hotel in Broomfield (Denver/Boulder), Colorado.
	ts.nist.gov /ts/htdocs/230/235/labmetrologypage.htm (321 words)

	BGIC Knowledge Base
		International Financial Statistics and other long runs of IMF and OECD statistical series are shelved on Row 212B.
		Groups of delegates met to represent their districts, and committees of 12 or of multiples of 12 were picked to administer or invent the laws.
		Minutes of the standing committees of the Nevada Legislature, Microfiche G0041, are located in the small fiche cabinet opposite Row 210.
	www.library.unr.edu /depts/bgic/km.aspx (8636 words)

	Temperature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90) The International Temperature Scale of 1990 was adopted by the International Committee of Weights and Measures at its meeting in 1989, in accordance with the request embodied in Resolution 7 of the 18th General Conference of Weights and Measures of 1987.
		The International Thermoelectric Society A nonprofit organization dedicated to the advancement of the thermoelectric industry, science and technology.
		The International Journal of heat and technology "The International Journal of HEAT and TECHNOLOGY is a half-yearly International Journal for Scientists, Engineers, Technologists, aimed at circulating new developments in the field of heat transfer and fluid dynamics, predominantly (but not only) applied to heat transfer, industrial and technological processes.
	www.temperatureworld.com /os.htm (305 words)

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