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Topic: International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture

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	International pact eyed to preserve plant genetic resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture aims to preserve the diversity of food and agriculture as the Earth faces the extinction of a number of plant varieties amid environmental destruction.
		The treaty, the result of roughly seven years of negotiations mainly under the U.N. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), will be the first binding treaty to protect plant genetic resources, or plant heads, seeds and genes that could be used to develop new crops, the official told Kyodo News.
		The treaty was endorsed at a FAO conference held in Rome earlier this month, with 116 votes in favor, abstentions by Japan and the United States, and no votes against, the official said.
	www.biotech-info.net /international_pact.html (357 words)

	The Farmers' Rights Project Homepage: ITPGRFA
		Plant genetic diversity is vital for the breeding of food crops and thus one of the central preconditions for food security.
		Access to diverse genetic resources is vital to modern plant breeding as it provides the genetic traits required to deal with crop pests and diseases, as well as changing climate conditions.
		The objectives of the ITPGRFA are the conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture and the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of their use.
	www.fni.no /farmers/thetreaty.html (284 words)

	[No title]
		On 3 November 2001, the thirty-first Session of the Conference of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) adopted, by its resolution 3/2001, the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture and Interim Arrangements for its Implementation.
		The objectives of the Treaty are the conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture and the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of their use, in harmony with the Convention on Biological Diversity, for sustainable agriculture and food security.
		"Adoption of the Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture".
	www.biodiv.org /programmes/areas/agro/treaty.aspx (256 words)

	Biological Diversity in Food and Agriculture
		The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources was adopted by the FAO Conference on 3 November 2001.
		Its scope is all plant genetic resources for food and agriculture.
		The Treaty is at the cross-roads between agriculture, trade and the environment, is on a par with trade and environmental instruments, and promotes harmony and synergy across the sectors.
	www.fao.org /biodiversity/IPGR_en.asp (344 words)

	Plant Genetic Resources: New Rules for International Exchange (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Several international agreements have sought to further the preservation of genetic resources and to balance the sharing of benefits generated by their use.
		In October 2002, the FAO Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, in its capacity as the interim committee of the treaty, agreed to establish an Expert Group to develop and propose recommendations on the terms of the standard MTA.
		Since NPGS genetic resources are particularly valuable to developing countries, given their limited funds for germplasm management, the provisions of the International Treaty have the potential to affect users of U.S. germplasm far beyond this country’s borders.
	www.ers.usda.gov /Amberwaves/June03/Features/PlantGeneticResources.htm (2731 words)

	The Scientist : Crop biodiversity treaty OK'd (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		An international treaty on the conservation of biodiversity in agriculture will be the first such to become law in June after more than 40 countries ratified it late last month.
		The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture will promote national and international laws for the conservation and sustainable use of the many varieties of the world's crops, as well as equitable distribution of benefits from seed use.
		The core of the treaty is its multilateral system for access to and benefit sharing from plant genetic resources of 64 key food crops and 29 forage species.
	www.the-scientist.com /article/display/22111 (710 words)

	UNU-IAS - UNU-IAS at First Session of the Governing Body of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for ...
		The International Treaty seeks to promote the conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture, and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits derived from the use of these resources.
		The Treaty helps to ensure the preservation of biological diversity and equitable access to resources, which support the Millennium Development Goals for the eradication of poverty, environmental sustainability and developing a global partnership for development.
		The Treaty is based on a previous instrument — the International Undertaking on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (the IU), which was focused on preserving plant genetic resources as part of the common heritage of humanity.
	www.ias.unu.edu /news/details.cfm/articleID/794 (549 words)

	IELRC.ORG - The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture
		Traditionally, plant genetic resources for food and agriculture (PGRFA) were freely exchanged on the basis that PGRFA constituted a common heritage of humankind.
		The Treaty was the object of arduous negotiations which led to a final consensus text which was acceptable to all the states present apart from the United States and Japan which abstained from voting.
		International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Rome, 3 Nov. 2001 [hereafter PGRFA Treaty].
	www.ielrc.org /content/f0302.htm (2614 words)

	Defra, UK - Farming - Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture
		Diverse genetic resources are important for maintaining an efficient and sustainable farming industry, as they allow the development of varieties and breeds to cope with new demands.
		Defra is responsible for policy on genetic resources for food and agriculture for England and Wales.
		The conservation and sustainable use of genetic resources for food and agriculture is a widely supported international objective as a contribution to efforts to achieve global poverty elimination and world food security.
	www.defra.gov.uk /farm/policy/geneticresources/index.htm (645 words)

	International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources<
		Plant genetic resources for food and agriculture are crucial in feeding the world's population.
		Its objectives are the conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits derived from their use, in harmony with the Convention on Biological Diversity, for sustainable agriculture and food security.
		The Treaty recognizes the enormous contribution that farmers and their communities have made and continue to make to the conservation and development of plant genetic resources.
	www.fao.org /ag/cgrfa/itpgr.htm (769 words)

	Explanatory Guide to the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture
		The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (the “Treaty”) was adopted by the Thirty-first session of the FAO Conference on 3 November 2001.
		This flow of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture had been endangered by developments that have in practice forced breeders and farmers to seek access to PGRFA on a bilateral basis and by practical difficulties of negotiating terms for access and benefit sharing for such a large number of individual transactions.
		The International Undertaking on Plant Genetic Resources was adopted by the FAO Conference in November 1983 by Resolution 8/83.
	www.iucn.org /bookstore/HTML-books/EPLP057-expguide-international-treaty/Introduction.html (8981 words)

	International Seed Treaty becomes Law - 29 June 2004
		Its purpose is to ensure that the agricultural biodiversity of the crops nurtured by farmers over millennia is conserved and that there is equitable benefit sharing from its sustainable use.
		Smallholder farmers worldwide, the principal guardians and developers of these vital resources, have demanded full international implementation of their inalienable Farmers Rights to produce, exchange and sell seeds and they have insisted that agricultural biodiversity be kept free of the restrictions imposed by intellectual property rights (IPRs).
		The Treaty process is facilitated by the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO) that has recently discredited itself by publishing a biased report on GM crops.
	www.ukabc.org /itpgrfa29june2004.htm (831 words)

	Research - Biosociety - News & Events - News - Plant Genetics, Treaty: New agricultural biodiversity accord becomes ...
		The International Treaty on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture aims to arrest this continuing genetic erosion.
		Under the system, plant breeders, farmers and public and private research institutions will be able to access these plant genetic resources under standard conditions and to use a wide range of them.
		The treaty will enable developing countries to build their capacity to conserve and use genetic resources.
	ec.europa.eu /research/biosociety/news_events/news_plant_genetics_en.htm (563 words)

	The Asia Rice Foundation: Thailand Rice Articles
		The "International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture" establishes a multilateral system providing access to seeds and germplasm for much of the world's food supply, as well as to fair and equitable sharing of the benefits obtained from their use.
		Under the new treaty, disputes that cannot be settled through negotiation, mediation or arbitration may be referred to the International Court of Justice.
		Jacques Diouf, Director General of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) responsible for the negotiations, was ebullient at the achievement of the genetic resources treaty.
	www.asiarice.org /sections/whatsnew/FAO1.html (557 words)

	SeedQuest Forum
		The first meeting of the Governing Body of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture does not sound like a source of cliff-hanger thrills, but it was.
		FAO (the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations), acting as the third-party beneficiary, has the right to bring legal action on behalf of the Treaty parties in cases of suspected infringement.
		For poor farmers in developing countries, genetic resources are one of the few assets they can use to secure their food supply.
	www.seedquest.com /forum/f/FrisonEmile/06sept.htm (678 words)

	International Seed Treaty - International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) - CSO ...
		The Treaty provides the legal framework for the conservation of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits from their sustainable use.
		Genetically, however, the breed is less of a success story, argue scientists.
		The genetic diversity of the world's herd, which totals some 30m animals, is so limited it equates to a population of under one hundred, had they been left to mate as nature intended.
	www.ukabc.org /iu2.htm (5142 words)

	SeedQuest - Central information website for the global seed industry
		The international treaty, which was approved by the FAO Conference in November 2001, entered into force on 29 June 2004.
		The treaty's main objectives are ensuring that plant genetic resources for food and agriculture, which are vital for human survival, are conserved and sustainably used and that resulting benefits are equitably and fairly distributed.
		The agricultural biodiversity on which food production depends is in sharp decline due the effects of the modernization of agriculture, environmental changes and increasing population density.
	www.seedquest.com /News/releases/2006/october/17219.htm (387 words)

	INTERNATIONAL TREATY ON PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES BECOMES LAW AFTER RATIFICATION BY 55 STATES
		But agricultural biodiversity, which is the basis for food production, is in sharp decline due to modernization, changes in diets and increasing population density.
		Plant breeders, farmers and public and private research institutions will be able to access these plant genetic resources under standard conditions.
		The Treaty’s funding strategy foresees the mobilization of financial resources for plant genetic projects and programmes to help farmers, especially in developing countries and countries in transition.
	www.un.org /News/Press/docs/2004/sag269.doc.htm (885 words)

	Brazil ratifies International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Brazil ratifies International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture
		The objectives of the International Treaty are the conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources applied in agriculture and food production, and the equitable distribution of the benefits arising from their application, with a view to achieving sustainable agriculture and food security.
		The ratification of the treaty is therefore convergent with Brazil’s policies and programmes aimed at combating hunger and poverty.
	www.brazil.org.uk /newsandmedia/pr20060523.html (183 words)

	Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations :: Strong Backing for Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for ...
		The ministers expressed their conviction that the Treaty is vital to achieving the UN's Millennium Development Goals -- particularly eradicating extreme poverty and hunger and guaranteeing environmental sustainability.
		The Madrid meeting of the Ministerial Segment of the Treaty's governing bodies, chaired by Elena Espinosa, Spain's Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, was attended by over 70 countries, a fact which sent a powerful political message in support of the Treaty, according to FAO.
		FAO calculates that the average level of country interdependency for plant genetic resources is 70%, meaning that all countries depend significantly on the genetic diversity of crops in other countries in order to be able to guarantee the food security of their own populations.
	sev.prnewswire.com /agriculture/20060614/DCW03714062006-1.html (440 words)

	REGULATING PLANT GENES AND AGBIOTECH PRODUCTS -- INTERNATIONAL STYLE
		The Multilateral System applies to plant genetic resources for food and agriculture listed in the first annex of the Treaty that are under the control of the contracting parties and in the public domain.
		But before the Treaty can facilitate any transfer of plant genetic material from its germplasm clearinghouse, the countries that ratified the agreement must decide about conditions for access and benefit-sharing, details that will be embodied in a standard material transfer agreement.
		During the drafting of the Treaty, protests from India provoked the revocation of a U.S. patent covering a use of turmeric and a European patent on a compound derived from the Neem tree, while South American activists prompted the withdrawal of a U.S. patent on an ayahuasca vine variety.
	www.isb.vt.edu /articles/aug0404.htm (1101 words)

	GRAIN \| Briefings \| 2002 \| A challenge for Asia - the Int
		The sooner the Treaty is ratified, the sooner the Governing Body of the Treaty would be formed, as it is to be constituted by governments that ratify the Treaty.
		The FAO’s Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (CGFRA) is acting as the Interim Secretariat of the Treaty in the meantime.
		The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources is a compromise; IPRs on genetic resources have not been excluded, there is no guarantee against the commercialisation of the genetic resources and there is no clarity on benefit sharing from commercial use.
	www.grain.org /briefings/?id=37 (2433 words)

	Treaty on Sharing Plant Genetic Resources Enters Into Force
		These crops are "the most important food crops on which countries rely," said Esquinas Alcazar, secretary of FAO's intergovernmental commission on genetic resources for food and agriculture.
		This ensures the use of plant genetic resources based on the principle of easy access and exchange and the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits.
		Farmers and plant breeders will therefore be able to use a wide range of plant genetic resources.
	usinfo.state.gov /xarchives/display.html?p=washfile-english&y=2004&m=June&x=20040630115439AKllennoCcM0.9447748&t=livefeeds/wf-latest.html (1151 words)

	EUROPA - Plant Health - Genetic Resources
		The most important activity is the implementation of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, which entered into force on 29 June 2004.
		It provides a legally binding global framework for access to agricultural plant genetic resources and the sharing of benefits from their use.
		An important element of the Treaty will be a standard Material Transfer Agreement (MTA) that will specify the conditions for the access to the genetic resources and determine the level, form and manner of payments to the Treaty's financial mechanism in the case of commercialisation of products arising from this material.
	ec.europa.eu /food/plant/geneticresources/index_en.htm (228 words)

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