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Topic: International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1994

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Tropical Timber 94

Tropical Timber 83

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Geography

	[No title]
		B.C.Y. Freezailah, Executive Director of the International Tropical Timber Organization, was held at the Palais des Nations, Geneva, in four parts: the first from 13 to 16 April 1993, the second from 21 to 25 June 1993, the third from 4 to 15 October 1993, and the fourth from 10 to 26 January 1994.
		OF A SUCCESSOR AGREEMENT TO THE INTERNATIONAL TROPICAL TIMBER
		The International Tropical Timber Organization established by the International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1983 shall continue in being for the purposes of administering the provisions and supervising the operation of this Agreement.
	www.fas.usda.gov /itp/agreements/intentim.html (7696 words)

	INTERNATIONAL TROPICAL TIMBER AGREEMENT, 1994
		The expenses necessary for the administration of this Agreement shall be brought into the Administrative Account and shall be met by annual contributions paid by members in accordance with their respective constitutional or institutional procedures and assessed in accordance with paragraphs 3, 4 and 5 of this article.
		This Agreement shall be open for signature, at United Nations Headquarters from 1 April 1994 until one month after the date of its entry into force, by Governments invited to the United Nations Conference for the Negotiation of a Successor Agreement to the International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1983.
		This Agreement shall be the successor to the International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1983.
	sedac.ciesin.org /entri/texts/ITTA.1994.txt.html (5326 words)

	Landscaping Timber (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1994 - International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1994 also known as Tropical Timber 94 was drafted to ensure that by the year 2000 exports of tropical timber originated from sustainably managed sources and to establish a fund to assist tropical timber producers in obtaining the resources necessary to reach this objective.
		Timber rafting - Timber rafting is arguably the second cheapest method of transportation of timber, next after log driving.
		International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1983 - The International Tropical Timber Agreement (often abbreviated as Tropical Timber 83) is an agreement to provide an effective framework for cooperation between tropical timber producers and consumers and to encourage the development of national policies aimed at sustainable utilization and conservation of tropical forests and their genetic resources.
	grass.vvvvvv3.com /landscapingtimber.html (754 words)

	Business News of Friday, 19 May 1995
		The chairman of the International Tropical Timber Council urged members to ratify a 1994 deal to encourage trade in timber from sustainably managed forests.
		Timber is Ghana's third biggest export earner after gold and cocoa and accounts for six percent of GDP.
		The 1994 ITTA accord pledges sustainable forest management and diversity conservation by the turn of the century.
	www.ghanaweb.com /GhanaHomePage/economy/artikel.php?ID=156 (536 words)

	IUCN - Forest Conservation Programme [FCP]
		The Resolution states that the main objective of the international arrangement on forests is to promote the management, conservation and sustainable development of all types of forests and to strengthen long-term political commitment to this end.
		The International Tropical Timber Agreement (ITTA) was negotiated under the auspices of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD).
		The ITTA established the International Tropical Timber organisation (ITTO) which provides a forum for tropical timber producer and consumer countries to discuss, exchange information and develop policies on issues relating to international trade in, and utilization of, tropical timber and the sustainable management of its resource base.
	www.iucn.org /themes/fcp/forestissues/fmanagement_policy.htm (926 words)

	American Society of International Law Wildlife Interest Group Resources
		Agreement between the Government of Australia and the Government of Japan for the Protection of Migratory Birds in Danger of Extinction and their Environment (Tokyo, 6 February 1974)
		Agreement between the Government of Australia and the Government of the People's Republic of China for the Protection of Migratory Birds and their Environment (Canberra, 20 October 1986)
		Agreement Between the Government of Canada and the Government of The United States of America on the Conservation of the Porcupine Caribou Herd (1987)
	www.internationalwildlifelaw.org /ss.shtml (373 words)

	The Jakarta Post - The Journal of Indonesia Today
		Meanwhile, we acknowledge that the demand for tropical timber in the world is very high, primarily in developing countries with high economic growth.
		Since there is an imbalance between demand and supply of timber in the international market, this situation triggers the high demand for timber from illegal sources.
		Bilateral agreements should also be considered with countries that can potentially become transit points of trade of illegal timber such as Singapore, Malaysia and the Philippines.
	www.thejakartapost.com /yesterdaydetail.asp?fileid=20050521.E03 (1015 words)

	Case Study
		Timber exporting nations have the option of registering their forests which are managed responsibly with the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC).
		In examining trade in timber in the Russian Far East, it is apparent that several factors converge quickly after the collapse of the USSR in late 1991.
		Dyakun is the director of the Kirovsky Timber Company and is believed to have incurred the wrath of organized crime groups for simply abiding by conservation legislation on the areas of forest he controls.
	www.american.edu /TED/sukpai.htm (2132 words)

	RATIFICATION OF THE ITTA
		The original ITTA was signed in 1983, with a life span of 10 years, and the specific mandate to foster the expansion and diversification of the international trade of tropical timber, based on sustainably managed forest resources.
		Starting in January of 1996, all imports of tropical timber would be exclusively limited to supplies guaranteed to be sustainably produced, according to a credible and reliable certificate.
		When measured with the same yardstick, in 1990 the value of the tropical timber exports to industrial countries was lower than in 1984, when the ITTA came into effect.
	www.metla.fi /archive/forest/1996/09/msg00082.html (1164 words)

	TROPICAL TIMBER TALKS RESUME IN GENEVA
		Most of the text of the draft Successor Agreement to the International Tropical Timber Agreement of 1994 -- as the new pact is currently called -- was negotiated during two previous week-long sessions (26-30 July 2004 and 14-18 February 2005). Ambassador Carlos Antonio de la Rocha Paranhos of
		The existing and draft successor Agreements are intended to serve as a framework for consultation, international cooperation and policy development among producing and consuming nations. Countries signing the 1994 accord account for some 80 per cent of the world’s tropical forests and 90 per cent of global commerce in tropical timber.
		The current pact on tropical timber is among a series of international commodity agreements negotiated largely under UNCTAD auspices and for which the UN Secretary-General acts as depository.
	www.un.org /news/Press/docs/2005/tad2025.doc.htm (328 words)

	International Tropical Timber Agreement
		The International Tropical Timber Agreement (ITTA), a binding commodity agreement between consumers and producers of tropical timber, was signed in 1983 at the United Nations Conference on Tropical Timber and recently renegotiated.
		By January 1994, a new agreement had been negotiated, though the old one will remain in force until the new one is ratified.
		It was the first international negotiation of a forest accord since UNCED in 1992 so discussion was colored by the tensions that accompanied that meeting in Rio.
	forests.wri.org /pubs_content_text.cfm?ContentID=2467 (661 words)

	FAO Forestry - Proceedings of the International Conference on Timber Plantation Development
		Indeed, one of the Organization's objectives, as listed in the International Tropical Timber Agreement 1994, is: " To encourage members to support and develop industrial tropical timber reforestation and forest management activities as well as rehabilitation of degraded forest land, with due regard for the interest of local communities dependent on forest resources".
		And for the international participants - especially those who have not been to the Philippines before - I'm sure that before the end of the week you'll come to understand why the Philippines is so famous for its hospitality.
		The Philippines is among the numerous countries that recently adopted timber plantation development as a strategy in rehabilitating and re-vegetating denuded forestlands.
	www.fao.org /DOCREP/005/AC781E/AC781E02.htm (3076 words)

	Unasylva - No. 188 - Funding sustainable forestry - World of forestry
		The new agreement incorporates the Year 2000 Objective, according to which tropical timber in international trade must come from "well-managed forests" by 2000.
		The original ITTA was signed in 1983, with a life span of ten years and the specific mandate to foster the expansion and diversification of the international trade of tropical timber, based on sustainably managed forest resources.
		The original ITTA was renegotiated between 1992 and 1994, the outcome being the new ITTA-1994.
	www.fao.org /docrep/w3247e/w3247e0e.htm (700 words)

	[No title]
		Plywood which includes in some measure conifers of tropical origin shall also be covered by this definition; 2.
		"Consuming member" means any country listed in annex B which becomes a party to this Agreement, or any country not so listed which becomes a party to this Agreement and which the Council, with the consent of that country, declares to be a consuming member; 6.
		The Council shall arrange to have any relevant studies undertaken of the trends and of short- and long-term problems of the international timber markets and of the progress towards the achievement of sustainable management of timber producing forests.
	darkwing.uoregon.edu /~iea/TreatyTexts/1994-TropicalTimber.EN.txt (5209 words)

	International Conventions
		Agreement for the Establishment of a Commission for Controlling the Desert Locust in the Near East
		Agreement Relating to the Implementation of Part XI of the United Nations Conventions on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982
		Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Socks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks
	www.eeaa.gov.eg /English/main/intlaw.asp (902 words)

	Selected Documents on International Affairs Series 1995 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Amendments to the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea of 1 November 1974
		Protocol on the Authentic Quinquelingual Text of the Convention on International Civil Aviation of 7 December 1944
		Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982 relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks
	www.austlii.edu.au /au/other/dfat/seldoc/1995/index.html (360 words)

	AGREEMENT REACHED ON NEW TROPICAL TIMBER TRADE PACT
		The new commodities agreement aims to promote the expansion and diversification of international trade in legally harvested tropical timber from sustainably managed forests, as well as to encourage the sustainable management of such forests.
		Delegates expressed relief that both consuming and producing members of the 1994 pact were able to reach agreement based upon the four rounds of talks that have been held since 2003.
		It will enter into force once it is signed or ratified by 12 producer governments accounting for 60 percent of their votes, and 10 consumer governments accounting for 60 percent of tropical timber imports in 2005.
	www.ictsd.org /weekly/06-02-01/story4.htm (609 words)

	Discussion Paper on the World Trade Organization and Multilateral Environmental Agreements
		The Basel Convention and the WTO agreements have equal status in international law, and there are no provisions in the Basel Convention that indicate that WTO obligations should be taken into consideration in adopting and implementing trade regulatory actions relating to hazardous wastes under the Basel Convention.
		International trade in GMOs as goods or commodities, in the absence of the Biosafety Protocol, would be governed by WTO rules, especially those contained in the SPS, TBT, and GATT Agreements.
		XIV(2) (to some extent), the International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1994, and the Rotterdam Convention on Prior Informed Consent, on the other hand, would be more difficult to argue as constituting separate legal regimes that is co-equal to WTO rules.
	www.tradeobservatory.org /library.cfm?refID=25582 (9414 words)

	Environmental Law Programme - Global Law Instuments
		Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982 relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks, New York
		Agreement relating to the Implementation of Part XI of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982, New York
		Convention for the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
	www.unep.org /DPDL/Law/Law_instruments/law_instruments_global.asp (1255 words)

	ENB vol. 24 - International Tropical Timber Council
		Thirty-sixth Session of the International Tropical Timber Council and Associated Sessions of the Committees, 20-23 July 2004, Interlaken, Switzerland
		Thirty-seventh Session of the International Tropical Timber Council and Associated Sessions of the Committees, 13-18 December 2004; Yokohama, Japan
		Preparatory Committee for the Negotiation of a Successor Agreement to the International Tropical Timber Agreement (ITTA), 1994 (PREPCOM1)
	www.iisd.ca /vol24/index.htm (509 words)

	World Timber Pact Meeting
		While essentially an agreement which legitimizes continued industrial exploitation of dwindling rainforests, the agreement does call for tropical timber producing countries to export wood only from sustainably managed sources by the year 2000.
		It was due to replace a 1983 agreement from February last year but the timing was delayed, partly because the United States, the third-largest importer of tropical timber, and Brazil, the third exporter, failed to ratify the accord.
		The 1994 accord aims to promote the expansion and diversification of international trade in these products from sustainable sources by improving structural conditions in, and access to, international markets.
	ces.iisc.ernet.in /hpg/envis/pacdoc913.html (667 words)

	Trade and Environment Calendar
		International and national processes will be covered, as well as new research findings and industry and NGO initiatives.
		The first session of the Governing Body of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture is organised by the FAO Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture acting as the Interim Committee for the International Treaty.
		This forum was designed to harmonise attitudes to acute international problems, and will focus on issues such as global energy security, infectious diseases, education, counterterrorism and proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, the settlement of regional conflicts, the development of the global economy, finance and trade, as well as protection of the environment.
	www.trade-environment.org /page/calendar.htm (10078 words)

	Planet Ark : UN Reaches New Pact to Manage Tropical Timber
		GENEVA - Tropical timber exporters and importers on Friday struck a new 10-year pact to help promote the sustainable development of forests in the face of illegal clearances and logging.
		The accord, hammered out in two weeks of negotiations, replaces the 1994 International Tropical Timber Agreement, which was due to expire at year-end, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) said.
		"The international community is sending a clear signal that it attaches great importance to the maintenance of tropical forests and their role in producing revenues," Sobral told Reuters.
	www.planetark.org /dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/34775/story.htm (443 words)

	4. Multilateral Treaties
		Protocol Amending the Agreements, Conventions and Protocols on Narcotic Drugs, Concluded at The Hague on 23 Jan at geneva on 11 Feb 1925 and 19 Feb 1925 and 13 Jul 1931 at Bangkok on 27 Nov 1931 and at Geneva on 26 Jun 1936
		Agreement for facilitating the international circulation of visual and auditory materials of an educational, scientific and cultural character
		Agreement for the implementation of the provisions of the UNCLOS of 10 Dec 1982 relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and highly Migratory Fish Stocks
	www.un.int /philippines/webdoc4.htm (1421 words)

	Fiji Biodiversity
		International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling- 2 December 1946
		International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1983- 18 November 1983
		International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1994- 26 January 1994, but not yet in force
	darwin.bio.uci.edu /~sustain/countries/Fiji.htm (534 words)

	[No title]
		On 9 November 2002, the ITTA, 1994 was extended for a further period of three years with effect from 1 January 2004 to 31 December 2006 [Decision 9(XXXIII)].Parties59 Parties including 33 producing and 26 consuming countries, including the European Community.
		This Agreement shall be open for signature at the UN Headquarters from 1 April 1994 until one month after the date of its entry into force, by Governments invited to the UN Conference for the Negotiation of a Successor Agreement to the International Tropical Timber Agreement, 1983".
		This is reflected in six trade-related objectives of the agreement which are outlined in Article 1.
	www.wto.org /english/tratop_e/envir_e/itta_e.doc (1851 words)

	Changing Landscapes - The Development of The International Tropical Timber Organization And Its Influence on Tropical ...
		Changing Landscapes reviews the evolution of policies for the sustainable use of tropical forests through a history of the International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO).
		Beginning with an introduction to the ecological, historical and socio-economic trends that have influenced contemporary global forest management regimes, it goes on to explore the complex political forces that have shaped the trade in tropical timber and its regulation.
		This lively, forthright, rigorous and insightful institutional history is required reading for policy-makers, researchers and practitioners alike.
	www.cplbookshop.com /contents/C1228.htm (377 words)

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