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Topic: International Zetetic Challenge

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	International Zetetic Challenge - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The International Zetetic Challenge (from Greek zêtêin, "to search") was an attempt to prove or disprove the existence of, or demonstrate events related to, the paranormal.
		The challenge was overseen by two scientists, Henri Broch and Jacques Theodor; as well as a professional illusionist, Gérard Majax.
		After fifteen years and a number of investigations the challenge was ended, the prize was unawarded, as no verifiable paranormal incident had been witnessed by the challengers.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/International_Zetetic_Challenge (186 words)

	RUBIK (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		However, frontier scientists whose work challenges the paradigm appear to be of a different psychological makeup, with a higher tolerance for ambiguity and cognitive dissonance.
		Challenging ideas can be seen as threatening to big business interests, including the interests of those industries waging war against cancer or AIDS.
		These speculations not only challenge the concept of molecular mechanisms, but also the dogma that mechanical reductionism is the fundamental principle underlying the living state.
	www.giriweb.com /rubik.htm (7517 words)

	James Randi Encyclopedia Article @ PsychicWatch.com (Psychic Watch) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In the conditions and rules governing his $1 million challenge, Randi plainly states that both parties (himself and the party accepting the challenge) must agree in advance as to what conditions of the test constitute a "success" and what constitutes a "failure".
		These examples from the past suggest unusual and transcendent powers are solely imaginary, and are the products of a sustaining belief in magic, superstition, mysticism, and a continual ignorance of mental tricks, abnormal psychology, psychiatry and the erroneous analysis of mundane experiences that have caused bewilderment throughout human history.
		Parapsychologists generally try to downplay the Randi challenge because of attacks on Randi's character, and also because of his harsh, uncompromising style of writing and presentation, which has won him enemies among those who claim to be paranormal experts.
	www.psychicwatch.com /encyclopedia/James_Randi (2482 words)

	James Randi - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		He is perhaps most known for the One Million Dollar Paranormal Challenge, in which his James Randi Educational Foundation will award a prize of one million USD to anyone who is able to show evidence of any paranormal, supernatural, or occult power or event, under test conditions agreed to by both parties.
		Parapsychologists generally try to downplay the Randi challenge because of these attacks on Randi's character, and also because of his harsh, uncompromising style of writing and presentation, which has won him enemies among those who claim to be paranormal experts.
		A Challenge to James Randi - A criticism of the Randi challenge, and a challenge toward Randi to explain a number of the studies he has dismissed and Randi's rebuttal.
	88.208.194.172 /wiki/index.php/James_Randi (2116 words)

	International Zetetic challenge biography .ms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The International Zetetic challenge ran from 1987 to 2002.
		The main, and surprising, outcome of the challenge is that nothing whatsoever have ever been even simply observed.
		But the Zetetic lab is still open for any investigation.
	www.biography.ms /International_Zetetic_challenge.html (225 words)

	James Randi Encyclopedia Article @ Heightened.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Randi entered the international spotlight in 1972 when he challenged the public claims of Royal Canadian Mounted Police.
		Alleged psychic Good to See You Again, on whose life the A challenge to Randi paranormal was based, and whose alleged abilities and other claims Randi has questioned, threatened Randi with legal action for using a photo of her from her website in his frauds, The Skeptics' Guide to the Universe commentary without her permission.
		In the past challenges were given by the famous Criticism of the JREF's million-dollar challenge, 10.1 Actor and other conjurors.
	www.heightened.net /encyclopedia/James_Randi (2770 words)

	Extra-sensory Perception Encyclopedia Article @ Heightened.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Often, when self-proclaimed psychics are challenged by skeptics and fail to prove their alleged powers, they assign all sorts of reasons for their failure, such as that the skeptic is affecting the experiment with "negative energy." The non-[1] nature of this response, as well as the practice of charlatanry in ESP and psychic circles,
		Some dispute the positive interpretation of results obtained in scientific studies of ESP, as the most compelling and repeatable results are all small to moderate International Zetetic Challenge results.
		Critics of ESP argue that the results are too small to be significant, while proponents of ESP argue that the overall results of the numerous studies show a consistent and highly significant trend.
	www.heightened.net /encyclopedia (2827 words)

	Extrasensory perception - ExampleProblems.com
		Rhine, a botanist at Duke University in the 1930s, and of Russell Targ and Harold E. Puthoff, physicists at SRI International in the 1970s, are often cited in arguments that ESP exists.
		Critics of ESP argue that the results are too small to be significant, while proponents of ESP argue that the results are consistent in numerous studies, and that the combined significance is large.
		From 1987 to 2002, they offered an International Zetetic Challenge in an attempt to prove or disprove the existence of, or demonstrate events related to, the paranormal.
	www.exampleproblems.com /wiki/index.php/Extrasensory_perception (1515 words)

	Article: Interstellar Conflict Across Time, by Derryl Murphy
		Space opera is still about confronting the "mysterious vastness" (3) that Joe Sanders refers to, although even the idea of what constitutes something vast or immense enough to astonish the star-spanning denizens of the far future has changed over the years.
		Sanders narrows the definition of space opera somewhat, allowing that it "may be defined as the subgenre [sic] of sf stories whose action is centered on characters who find a way to express their effective relationship with immensity" (3).
		Where some space opera has shown the most change is in challenging the traditional conservative views which have so tightly ruled the world-view of earlier space opera texts.
	www.strangehorizons.com /2003/20030707/space_opera.shtml (7161 words)

	Extrasensory Perception Encyclopedia Article @ Peculiarities.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Proponents of the existence of ESP point to numerous scientific studies that appear to offer evidence of the phenomenon's existence: the work of J.
		Rhine, Russell Targ, Harold E. Puthoff and physicists at SRI International in the 1970s, are often cited in arguments that ESP exists.
		Often, when self-proclaimed psychics are challenged by skeptics and fail to prove their alleged powers, they assign all sorts of reasons for their failure, such as that the skeptic is affecting the experiment with "negative energy." The non-empirical nature of this response, as well as the practice of charlatanry in ESP and psychic circles,
	www.peculiarities.org /encyclopedia/Extrasensory_perception (2811 words)

	Extrasensory Perception Encyclopedia Article @ Peculiarly.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		For fifteen years he has investigated psi phenomena through appointments at Princeton University, University of Edinburgh, University of Nevada, SRI International, Boundary Institute, and Interval Research Corporation.
		There are no consistent and agreed-upon standards by which ESP powers may be tested, in the way one might test for, say, electrical current or the chemical composition of a substance.
		Often, when self-proclaimed psychics are challenged by skeptics and fail to prove their alleged powers, they assign all sorts of reasons for their failure, such as that the skeptic is affecting the experiment with "negative energy." The non-2006 nature of this response, as well as the practice of charlatanry in ESP and psychic circles,
	www.peculiarly.net /encyclopedia/Extrasensory_perception (2822 words)

	[No title]
		The Challenge was a classic control experiment: isolate the sports ability variable by comparing the Mars horoscopic positions of the champions Gauquelin had already collected vs. the Mars horoscopic positions of all other persons (NONsports champions), the "control" group, born about the same time and place as the champions.
		If the control group exhibits the same hit-rate (a "hit": being born when Mars resides in celestial Sector 1 or 4) as the champions, 22 percent, then clearly sports ability has nothing to do with the Mars Effect, which is thus revealed as merely a by-product of purely natural influences.
		The language of the original Control Test Challenge and subsequent testaments to its "definitive" nature had left no way around the face that we had lost and Gauquelin had won.
	www.discord.org /~lippard/rawlins-starbaby.txt (14595 words)

	Extrasensory Perception Encyclopedia Article @ Heightened.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The ability to perceive environments or communications while psychically "at" a remote location by means of (also called spirit walking and SRI International), or while in other dimensions.
		The ability to communicate with the souls (hypnosis) of persons or animals who have died via [2] (retrocognition).
		Often, when self-proclaimed psychics are challenged by skeptics and fail to prove their alleged powers, they assign all sorts of reasons for their failure, such as that the skeptic is affecting the experiment with "negative energy." The non-agent nature of this response, as well as the practice of charlatanry in ESP and psychic circles,
	www.heightened.net /encyclopedia/Extrasensory_perception (2733 words)

	Gerd H. Hövelmann
		Unlike, he assumes, many other members of the P.A., Gerd H. Hövelmann has never had any experience that might be described as "paranormal" ─; except, perhaps, for what now he tends to reconstruct as an OBE in a life-threatening situation in early childhood.
		On the other hand, parapsychology might well stimulate the development and application of novel scientific procedures and methodologies that, ideally, might prove to be fruitful for other scientific disciplines as well.
		In addition, the varied, multiple relations that exist between parapsychology (and its precursors) on the one hand and the history of culture, science, and ideas on the other contain many virtually unrecognised treasures that still wait to be raised.
	www.parapsych.org /members/g_hovelmann.html (1869 words)

	461. Inquiry. Mawson, C.O. Sylvester. 1922. Roget’s International Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases
		Roget’s International Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases
		Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference > Roget’s > International Thesaurus > 461.
		v.; interrogation, interrogatory; interpellation; challenge, examination, third degree [colloq.
	www.bartleby.com /110/461.html (465 words)

	The Flat Earth and its Advocates: A List of References: Science Reference Guides (Science Reference Services, Library ...
		QB281.M8 Proctor, Richard A. A challenge from the earth-flattening society.
		[Winship, Thomas] Zetetic cosmogony; or, Conclusive evidence that the world is not a rotating-revolving-globe, but a stationary plane circle.
		The former secretary of the Zetetic Society "promises to show the nature of the deceptions practised by some at least among the advocates of the flat-earth theory."
	www.loc.gov /rr/scitech/SciRefGuides/flatearth.html (1245 words)

	NCSE Resource (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Where these challenges are not outdated, they could be useful instructional tools for aiding students in the better understanding of evolution in particular and biology in general.
		Because opponents were frequently unprepared for the ingenious arguments of the Universal Zetetic Society (the flat-earth organization), the flat-earthers usually won their debates.
		(j) Zetetic Astronomy (flat-earth science) is an alternative model of the earth which can be presented from a strictly scientific standpoint without any religious doctrine just as spherical-earth science can, because some scientists have concluded that scientific data best support flat-earth science and because scientific evidences and inferences have been presented for flat-earth science.
	www.ncseweb.org /resources/articles/3955_issue_03_volume_2_number_1__2_21_2003.asp (16721 words)

	UFO Evidence : Skeptics and Their Arguments (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The debunkers and skeptics continue to bring up the same excuses they have been using for 25 years, but when their theories are challenged they refuse to admit they are wrong.
		A UFO phenomenon which was no more than a version of myths about elves and fairies should have very distinct characteristics (discriminators), which do not seem to be present in the UFO phenomenon.
		Sometimes users of the term have distinguished between so-called "soft" versus "hard" skeptics, and I in part revived the term "zetetic" because of the term's misuse.
	www.ufoevidence.org /topics/SkepticsAnalysis.htm (1936 words)

	Extra-sensory Perception Encyclopedia Article @ Foresaw.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Mediumship is an umbrella term which primarily means that a person is able to communicate with deceased persons, or allow deceased persons to communicate through the medium by temporarily using his or her body.
		Often, when self-proclaimed psychics are challenged by skeptics and fail to prove their alleged powers, they assign all sorts of reasons for their failure, such as that the skeptic is affecting the experiment with "negative energy." The non-talk page nature of this response, as well as the practice of charlatanry in ESP and psychic circles,
		Psychic Exploration: A Challenge for Science, published by second sight and G. Putman, 1974, 1 Types of ESP
	www.foresaw.org /encyclopedia/Extra-sensory_perception (2790 words)

	Extrasensory Perception Encyclopedia Article @ Singularly.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Perception of aspects of things which most people cannot perceive through ISBN 0-87975-300-5, SRI International, hypnosis, ISBN 0-399-11342-8 and Georges Charpak, etc.
		Often, when self-proclaimed psychics are challenged by skeptics and fail to prove their alleged powers, they assign all sorts of reasons for their failure, such as that the skeptic is affecting the experiment with "negative energy." The non-edit nature of this response, as well as the practice of charlatanry in ESP and psychic circles,
		Psychic Exploration: A Challenge for Science, published by Las Vegas Weekly "Questions for Skeptics" and G. Putman, 1974, International Zetetic Challenge
	www.singularly.net /encyclopedia/Extrasensory_perception (2800 words)

	Nwowatcher is the leading resource for topics of political conspiracy, mythology, symbolism, activism, and the ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		That an inordinately large number of trials must be conducted to obtain statistically significant results is seen as a problem for verifying the legitimacy of ESP claims.
		A few large prizes have been offered in the hopes of bringing people with strong ESP into formal laboratories for rigorous testing, most recently the International Zetetic Challenge.
		Regarding the mistrust that paranormal believers have concerning Randi's fairness, he has pointed out that to fail to pay the prize money to a claimant who successfully and legitimately passes the test would open up the JREF to criminal prosecution.
	www.nwowatcher.com /smf/index.php?topic=5897 (1819 words)

	Science and the Public (Skeptical Inquirer September/October 2006)
		Given these challenges, no doubt skeptical inquiry will continue to be necessary in the future.
		No nation or region can cope with the challenges of the global marketplace and compete effectively unless it provides a steady stream of highly educated scientific practitioners.
		Almost the first official act of CSICOP was to challenge NBC for its program Exploring the Unknown, narrated by Burt Lancaster, which presented pro-paranormal propaganda on topics such as psychic surgery and astrology, without any scientific dissent at all.
	www.csicop.org /si/2006-05/si.html (5665 words)

	INTL BLVD assgn
		: The studio is to begin an inquiry into the diverse aspects of International Boulevard, East 14th and Mission Boulevard.
		This is a major surface artery running between Lake Merritt in Oakland, CA to Mission San Jose near San Jose, CA.
		v.; interrogation, interrogatory; interpellation; challenge, examination, third degree [ colloq.
	dada.cca.edu /~tswischuk/area004assgn.html (707 words)

	John Palmer
		In L. Coly and J. McMahon (Eds.), Parapsychology and thanatology: Proceedings of an international conference held in Boston, Massachusetts, November 6-7, 1993 (pp.
		In L. Coly and J. McMahon (Eds.), Psi research methodology: A re-examination: Proceedings of an international conference held in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, October 29-30, 1988 (pp.
		In B. Shapin and L. Coly (Eds.), Current trends in psi research: Proceedings of an international conference held in New Orleans, Louisiana, August 13-14, 1984 (pp.
	www.parapsych.org /members/j_palmer.html (1112 words)

	Skeptical News
		In the end, Lee is optimistic about the challenge of winning the endorsement of the Western medical community, seeing the "compatibility" problem as, essentially, one of communication rather than substance.
		And the NSAP article is totally correct in challenging the current scientific hierarchy to look at the physical evidence as well as the currently known facts.
		The zetetics maintain that the known world is a circular plane of indeterminate size floating in primordial waters, the North Pole at its centre, the South Pole at its circumference, marked by an impenetrable wall of ice 150ft (46m) high.
	www.ntskeptics.org /news/news2001-05-28.htm (15047 words)

	Archive-name: skeptic-faq Last-modified: 94/08/04 Version: skeptic-faq.text 1.18 The Frequ (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Marcello Truzzi was one of the founders of CSICOP, but broke away from the organisation when it became to "dry" for him (see section 0.6.1 on wet vs. dry skeptics).
		A few skeptics have challenged these firewalkers to stand on hot metal plates instead of coals.
		Others have pointed out that making such a challenge in the belief that the firewalker would be seriously hurt is of dubious morality.
	www.skepticfiles.org /skep2/skepticf.htm (20585 words)

	Folklore and the Rise of Moderation Among Organized Skeptics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In one presentation, Chip Denman, a statistician at the University of Maryland and a founding member of this Washington, DC area Skeptics group, demonstrated a fascinating device with multicolored flashing lights that purported to be capable of showing if someone is telling the truth by detecting signs of stress in their voice.
		The focus of organized skepticism is said to be challenging claims of the supernatural and paranormal, exposing scams, frauds, and hoaxes, and promoting critical thinking.
		Since then, David Quinne, Nick Cooper, and other "sock puppet" characters have posted articles to listservs that rib Skeptics about their more extreme expressions, challenge the definition of the boundaries of skepticism, and occasionally parody skeptical rhetoric so well that it is difficult to tell from the real thing.
	www.temple.edu /isllc/newfolk/skeptics.html (3858 words)

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