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Topic: International adoption of South Korean children

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		The international adoption of South Korean children first began as a humanitarian response to the needs of thousands of children who were orphaned or separated from their families as a result of the Korean War.
		International adoption quickly became institutionalized in the early 1960s to become a population and social welfare policy that hindered the development of alternative approaches for dealing with the needs of women and children.
		Although the South Korean constitution was influenced by American democratic principles and included protections for civil rights, personal liberties and the right to vote, the South Korean Family Law of 1960 effectively undermined the democratic rights of women by instituting male patriarchy as a legal fact.
	www.adopteesolidarity.org /bbs/board.cgi?id=docs&action=view&gul=6&page=1&go_cnt=0&category=Documents (1875 words)

	International adoption of South Korean children - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The International adoption of South Korean children is a recent historical process triggered initially by casualties of the Korean War after 1953.
		Adoption from South Korea began in 1955 when Harry Holt, a born again Christian from Eugene, Oregon, went to Korea and adopted eight war orphans (Rotschild, The Progressive, 1988).
		The procedure of international adoption is today a growing and often favoured method for couples to build their families and new countries are constantly opening up for international adoption, both as sending and receiving countries.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/International_adoption_of_South_Korean_children (1254 words)

	Korean adoptee - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A Korean adoptee or KAD is a person who was adopted from Korea through the international adoption of South Korean children as a child and raised in another country, often by adoptive parents of another race, ethnic background, and culture.
		The country was not prepared for the return of their 'lost children.' But the numerous adult KADs who visited Korea as tourists every year, in addition to raised public awareness of the KAD diaspora, forced Korea to face a shameful and largely unknown part of their history.
		South Korean president Kim Dae-Jung invited 29 adult KADs from 8 countries to a personal meeting in the Blue House in October 1998.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Korean_adoptee (2235 words)

	The Ultimate International adoption of South Korean children Dog Breeds Information Guide and Reference
		The International adoption of South Korean children is a recent historical process triggered by the war casualties of the Korean War after 1953.
		It had an impact upon the identity and upbringing of Korean adoptees, which was foregrounded by race-based notions of nation in peninsular korea as well as the relations of power between the parties involved.
		Korean traditional society puts a lot of weight on paternal family ties, bloodlines and pure ‘race’, and children of mixed race or those without fathers were not easily accepted in Korean society.
	www.dogluvers.com /dog_breeds/Korean_adoption (1147 words)

	Infectious Disease and International Adoption Doctor Jenista
		Children from developing countries are similar to travelers: they are not as immunologically experienced with these agents as adults in the same country.
		A final new issue in hepatitis B in adoption is the recognition of a number of children from Romania with delta hepatitis virus infection.
		Older children and children from certain tropic regions are more likely to have positive serology secondary to sexual abuse or to endemic or non-venereal syphilis, yaws or pinta.
	www.comeunity.com /adoption/health/infectious-disease.html (2779 words)

	Korea Adoption
		With international adoption roots dating back to the end of the Korean War, there have been over 150,000 adoptions since the early 1950's from Korea.
		South Korea is one of the rare countries that do not require travel, but it is an option.
		Adoptees can be escorted to their destination countries by an adoption agency and then united with the new parents upon arrival.
	www.internationaladoptionstories.com /korea-adoption.htm (377 words)

	Korean Focus: Korea Adoption Support
		Although Korean children are still placed because they have been orphaned, it is far more common for birth parents to place their children in adoption because they are unmarried, or due to financial need or family hardship.
		Korean adoption is also experiencing the general progression toward more openness in relationships between adoptees and their birth families.
		Today in the United States, the adoption of children from foreign countries must conform to the laws of three jurisdictions: the country of the child's birth; United States Federal code; and the laws of the State of residence of the adoptive parents.
	www.koreanfocus.org /aboutkoreanadoption.html (788 words)

	Introduction
		KAD = Korean adoptee; a person who was adopted from Korea as a child and raised in another country, often by adoptive parents of another race, ethnic background, and culture.
		In the 1970s and 80s, war-orphans were largely replaced by children born to unwed mothers, as children born out of wedlock are stigmatized in Korea.
		The demand for foreign children for adoption is rising in the Western world, as fewer healthy, domestic babies are available (contraception, abortion, social welfare).
	www.geocities.com /kadnation (315 words)

	Adopting Children
		International adoption of South Korean children started after the Korean War which lasted from 1950 to 1953.
		Adoption from South Korea began in 1955 when Harry Holt, a born again Christian from Eugene, Oregon, went to Korea and adopted eight war orphans (Rotschild, The Progressive, 1988).
		The procedure of international adoption is today a growing and often favoured method for couples to build their families and new countries are constantly opening up for international adoption, both as sending and receiving countries.
	marksesl.com /Lounge2/adoptions.htm (519 words)

	South Korea and Its Children - Relative Choices - Adoption - Opinion - New York Times Blog
		In other words, children who experience the deprivation of a primary caregiver are at a greater risk for suffering from emotional, behavioral and cognitive problems that may impair their long-term ability to form healthy relationships, learn, or work in meaningful ways — a condition that can be remedied by the permanency of adoption.
		In a nation where one in three South Korean parents are willing to send their children abroad for the sake of a better education, it does not surprise me that intercountry adoption has remained entrenched in society.
		South Koreans have often felt shame for its long history of international adoption, but we in the United States also allow some of our children to be adopted overseas, an estimated 500 annually.
	relativechoices.blogs.nytimes.com /2007/11/27/south-korea-and-its-children (13541 words)

	Adoption History: International Adoptions
		These children of crisis resurrected the language of rescue and the religious impulses that had characterized the era of the orphan trains and pointed in the direction of special needs adoptions, which had similar humanitarian overtones.
		During the 1950s, proxy adoptions, which allowed U.S. citizens to adopt in foreign courts in absentia, were the most widely publicized means of international adoption.
		U.S. Children’s Bureau Chief Katherine Oettinger argued that children adopted from abroad were more likely to suffer abuse, neglect, and disruption because their adoptions circumvented minimum standards.
	darkwing.uoregon.edu /~adoption/topics/internationaladoption.htm (759 words)

	KADnation
		Korean traditional society puts a lot of weight on paternal family-ties, bloodlines and pure 'race', and children of mixed race or those without fathers were not easily accepted in Korean society.
		While it might be true that certain individual children are given better opportunities by international adoption, it is dangerous to create the illusion that it solves the structural problems related to child welfare on a global scale.
		Korean society feels threatened by the visible presence of the poor, handicapped, adopted and orphans, as these groups are a reminder of what Koreans consider their shameful past which fills Koreans with guilt (Elliott, 2002).
	www.geocities.com /kadnation/kadnation.html (3567 words)

	Korean Adoption Program \| Carolina Hope Christian Adoption Agency \| International Adoptions & Adoption Home Studies
		Carolina Hope's Korea adoption program is conducted in partnership with The Barker Foundation, which places Korean children who are cared for by the Social Welfare Society of Korea.
		In late July, 2006, the Korean government took new measures to promote domestic adoption and reduce the number of international adoptions.
		As a South Carolina resident, you are eligible to receive a one-time $1500 non-recurring cost (subsidy) from the state government.
	www.carolinahopeadoption.org /chkorea.htm (902 words)

	P.O.V. - First Person Plural . Overview of International Adoption \| PBS
		The practice of adopting children from abroad began just after World War II when large numbers of children were orphaned, abandoned, or separated from their parents as a result of the war in Europe.
		It was the Korean War (1950-53), however, which signaled the beginning of the largest wave of international adoptions to take place worldwide.
		For three decades, South Korean children constituted the largest number of foreign-born adoptees to enter the U.S. on an annual basis, a status that changed only in 1991, when adoption of foreign children was led by Romania (2,552 children vs. 1,817 Korean children).
	www.pbs.org /pov/pov2000/firstpersonplural/historical/intadoptions.html (519 words)

	ADOPTION INSTITUTE: INTERNATIONAL ADOPTION FACTS
		In the past six years, since the government-imposed moratorium on international adoption was lifted, adoptions from the Ukraine have gone from a low of 1 to a high of 1,246.
		The sudden drop in adoptions in 1992-1993 was the result of a temporary suspension of adoptions by the Romanian government.
		U.S. State Department data on international adoptions is based on the number of visas issued to children being adopted from other countries by U.S. citizens, although technically the visa data tracks the immigration of the children to the U.S., not their adoptions.
	www.adoptioninstitute.org /FactOverview/international.html (2461 words)

	International Adoption - South Korea -
		The adoption agency will process the case in Korea and arrange for escort and transportation of the child to the U.S. After the child arrives in the U.S., the U.S. adoption agency follows up with the parents and child through a series of home visits at six-month intervals.
		Korean authorities usually require that both adoptive parents in overseas adoptions be younger than 45 years old; however, they may make exceptions in some cases.
		In the case of U.S. citizens resident in the Republic of Korea, the U.S. Embassy in Seoul advises that all queries concerning adoptions be directed to a licensed Korean adoption agency.
	library.adoption.com /Korea/International-Adoption-South-Korea/article/1385/5.html (2987 words)

	Adoption Research: Chapter 3: International Adoption \| Overviews Research Topic
		In their view, the practice is damaging to children and riddled with fraud and deceit.
		Nearly all the children adopted from abroad are born in poor nations in Asia, Eastern Europe, or Latin America.
		Other nations require no visits at all; children are put on a plane with an escort, and their new families meet them at the airport.
	www.bookrags.com /researchtopics/adoption-os/04.html (636 words)

	South Korea Adoption - International, Agencies, Programs, Information, Costs -
		The South Korea adoption program is the oldest organized international adoption program operating in the U.S. In 2005, U.S. citizens adopted approximately 1,630 children from South Korea.
		Children available for adoption include boys and girls, ages 6 months and older, healthy and special needs.
		Gladney Center for Adoption - TX Licensed, non-profit adoption agency with over 30 years experience and over 5,000 children placed with families throughout U.S. and abroad.
	korea.adoption.com (258 words)

	Adoption groups building families via the Internet (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Adoption advocates across the country, working to find permanent homes for thousands of hard-to-place U.S. and foreign children, are trying a new marketing tool.
		The hundreds of children whose faces may be seen on the Internet generally are not healthy infants who are easy to place.
		Faces of Adoption listing American children, is produced by the National Adoption Center in Philadelphia and Children Awaiting Parents in Rochester, N.Y. Precious in HIS Sight listing was the nation's first, and carries pictures and descriptions of kids handled by several international adoption agencies in the USA.
	www.precious.org /usa-today.html (799 words)

	P.O.V. - First Person Plural . Adoptions From South Korea \| PBS
		children were orphans or had been abandoned, the majority of the children sent for adoption during the 70s and 80s were infants from out-of-wedlock pregnancies.
		As a result, the South Korean government delayed the scheduled departure of adopted children before and during the Olympics.
		And the number of Korean children adopted by American families began to decrease, from over 6,200 in 1986 to just over 1,700 in 1993.
	www.pbs.org /pov/pov2000/firstpersonplural/historical/skadoptions2.html (506 words)

	Exploring Adoption: International Adoption
		The biggest obstacle to successful adaptation among international orphans is usually the difficulty they have in attaching emotionally to people because of the early neglect of their psychological needs.
		The children were removed from their mother’s care in October 2003 and have been awaiting an adoptive family since December 2004.
		International Gotcha Day, scheduled for September 15, is a special day for families who have come together through international adoption to celebrate.
	adoptionblogs.typepad.com /adoption/international_adoption (7865 words)

	Adoption History: International Adoptions
		These children of crisis resurrected the language of rescue and the religious impulses that had characterized the era of the orphan trains and pointed in the direction of special needs adoptions, which had similar humanitarian overtones.
		During the 1950s, proxy adoptions, which allowed U.S. citizens to adopt in foreign courts in absentia, were the most widely publicized means of international adoption.
		U.S. Children’s Bureau Chief Katherine Oettinger argued that children adopted from abroad were more likely to suffer abuse, neglect, and disruption because their adoptions circumvented minimum standards.
	www.uoregon.edu /~adoption/topics/internationaladoption.htm (759 words)

	We all come from 'Seoul': South Korean lawmaker pushes for stricter regulation of international adoption - Korean ...
		South Korean lawmaker pushes for stricter regulation of international adoption - Korean response to the case of "Jade"
		SEOUL, Dec. 14 (Yonhap) -- A recent incident, in which a Dutch diplomat in Hong Kong drew public fire for abandoning a South Korean-born girl whom he adopted seven years ago, was yet another indication to a South Korean lawmaker that the international adoption program from South Korea must eventually be banned.
		South Korea, the world's 11th-largest economy, has been criticized both at home and abroad for its low rate of domestic adoption.
	weallcomefromseoul.blogspot.com /2007/12/south-korean-lawmaker-pushes-for.html (884 words)

	The Adoption Guide: Getting Started in International Adoption
		The modern era of international adoption began after the Korean War, when Korean and Amerasian orphans were placed with families living in the United States.
		The majority of internationally-adopted children are young; in 2006, 40 percent were under 1 year of age and an additional 45 percent were between the ages of 1 and 4.
		After adoption, for the child to develop self-esteem and pride, family members must incorporate into their lifestyle elements of the child's original culture, including friendships with people of the child's ethnicity.
	www.theadoptionguide.com /options/international-adoption (357 words)

	Dan and Angi Have Something to Say
		Children are intaken at birth through Dillon International's sister agency, Eastern Social Welfare Society (ESWS) in Seoul, South Korea.
		Children become available for adoption in Korea primarily because of the economic disadvantages of their birth family or the social stigma of single parenthood.
		The speculation is that adoption of girls is more acceptable because boys carry the family's blood line with the name.
	blogs.oc.edu /dan.lovejoy/adoption.html (2127 words)

	Korean Adoption - Adoptive Families (Site not responding. Last check: )
		More than 200,000 children have been adopted from that country since the mid-1950s, when many children placed for adoption were biracial children fathered by U.S. military personnel during and after the Korean War.
		Most children available for adoption today are placed by unmarried mothers who are concerned about the strong stigma against children who are born out of wedlock.
		Korean Focus at Yahoo Groups, discussion list for all interested in or involved in Korean adoption.
	www.adoptivefamilies.com /korea_adoption.php (541 words)

	International Adoption Agencies - Alliance For Children
		The Alliance for Children, Inc. is a non-profit international adoption agency based in Massachusetts, serving families throughout the USA.
		We are committed to assisting needy children both through the location of adoptive families, and through financial contributions and donations of new clothing, supplies, and medicines.
		The Alliance for Children Foundation has received a $50,000 donation from Proctor and Gamble’s Live, Learn and Thrive Global Cause to fund a foster care village in China for orphans who are currently living in institutional settings.
	www.allforchildren.org (1043 words)

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