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	Financial capital - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Financial capital, or economic capital, is any liquid medium or mechanism that represents wealth, or other styles of capital.
		This article focuses mostly on financial instruments which are not uniformly affected by native currency inflation and which are not guaranteed by a state.
		When in forms other than money, financial capital may be traded on bond markets or reinsurance markets with varying degrees of trust in the social capital (not just credits) of bond-issuers, insurers, and others who issue and trade in financial instruments.
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /financial_capital.htm (833 words)

	Paper: Globalization and the International Financial System
		However, a systemic response to this phenomenon that might, for example, propose to restrict sharply short-term external borrowing would be like bundling up children when they go outside in all seasons of the year merely because during winter not doing so increases the risk of their catching a cold.
		These efforts have been primarily focused on providing guidance to national financial supervisors and regulators in discharging their responsibilities within a common, internationally agreed framework; it is hoped that by increasing the robustness of national financial systems, the stability of the international financial system will be enhanced as well.
		Despite widespread agreement that the international financial system and the global economy stand to benefit from the development and adoption of internationally agreed codes and standards, such efforts are not without their critics and detractors.
	www.iie.com /publications/papers/truman1101.htm (2459 words)

	FRB: Speech, Greenspan -- The structure of the international financial system -- November 5, 1998
		The financial instruments of a bygone era, common stocks and debt obligations, have been augmented by a vast array of complex hybrid financial products, which allow risks to be isolated, but which, in many cases, seemingly challenge human understanding.
		The new international financial system that has evolved as a consequence has been, despite recent setbacks, a major factor in the marked increase in living standards for those economies that have chosen to participate in it.
		Those advanced infrastructures generally have been able to discourage speculative attacks against a well-entrenched currency because their financial systems are robust and are able to withstand large and rapid capital outflows of foreign currency instruments, and the often vigorous policy responses required to stem such attacks.
	www.federalreserve.gov /boarddocs/speeches/1998/19981105.htm (3741 words)

	Factsheet - Progress in Strengthening the Architecture of the International Financial System
		Communiqué of the International Monetary and Financial Committee
		The financial crises of the past few years exposed weaknesses in the international financial system, many of which relate to the increasing size and importance of large cross-border capital flows.
		Thus, reforming international financial institutions such as the IMF is part of the work in progress to meet the challenges of a rapidly evolving global economy.
	www.imf.org /external/np/exr/facts/arcguide.htm (1480 words)

	Strengthening the International Financial System and the Multilateral Development Banks
		The international financial system is central to the functioning of the global economy.
		In Fukuoka we agreed to continue our efforts to strengthen the international financial architecture by focusing on the reform of the IMF and of the Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs), on responses to the challenges posed by Highly Leveraged Institutions (HLIs), Offshore Financial Centers (OFCs) and cross-border capital movements, and on regional cooperation.
		In the Report on Strengthening the International Financial Architecture submitted to the Cologne Summit in 1999, we encouraged the IMF to continue its work on the appropriate pace and sequencing of capital account liberalization.
	www.fin.gc.ca /activty/G7/g7070701e.html (5321 words)

	Learn more about International relations in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The academic field of International Relations is an area of knowledge based on political science, law, economy, sociology, philosophy, and other social sciences, prominent since the end of the World War II.
		Traditionally, it treats mostly the relations between national states, but larger states, International Organizations and non-state actors on the international arena, like non-governmental organizations, and multinational corporations are also considered in the sphere of International Relations.
		The second approach is the "Structuralist" approach and is typified by diplomacy, according to which conflict is not inevitable, focusing the causes of conflict, stressing the costs of conflict compared to possible gains.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /i/in/international_relations.html (339 words)

	Strengthening the Architecture of the International Financial System (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Throughout their history, the international financial institutions have had to adapt to a changing global economic landscape, and they have, by and large, done so successfully.
		Experience shows that when countries allow foreign financial service providers into their markets — with all the competition, capital and expertise they bring with them — the strength of financial systems is greatly enhanced.
		But the objectives I have described today — better information; stronger national financial systems; and mechanisms so that the private sector more fully bears the consequences of its investment decisions — are critical elements in strengthening the architecture of the international financial system, especially with regards to preventing and dealing with financial instability and crisis.
	www.brook.edu /comm/transcripts/19980414.htm (3754 words)

	FRB: Speech, Greenspan -- Understanding today's international financial system -- May 7, 1998
		These global financial markets, engendered by the rapid proliferation of cross-border financial flows and products, have developed a capability of transmitting mistakes at a far faster pace throughout the financial system in ways that were unknown a generation ago.
		Today's international financial system is sufficiently different, in so many respects, from its predecessors that it can reasonably be characterized as new, as distinct from being merely a continuing evolution from the past.
		In this rapidly expanding international financial system, the primary protection from adverse financial disturbances is effective counterparty surveillance and, hence, government regulation and supervision should seek to produce an environment in which counterparties can most effectively oversee the credit risks of potential transactions.
	www.federalreserve.gov /boarddocs/speeches/1998/19980507.htm (3730 words)

	FRB: Testimony, Greenspan -- The growing international financial system -- November 13, 1997
		Similarly, in providing any international financial assistance, we need to be mindful of the desirability of minimizing the impression that international authorities stand ready to guarantee the external liabilities of sovereign governments or failed domestic businesses.
		While the current turmoil has significant interaction with the international financial system, the recent crises would arguably have been better contained if long-maturity property loans had not accentuated the usual mismatch between maturities of assets and liabilities of domestic financial systems that were far from robust to begin with.
		The financial disturbances that have afflicted a number of currencies in Asia do not at this point, as I indicated earlier, threaten prosperity in this country, but we need to work closely with their leaders and the international financial community to assure that their situations stabilize.
	www.federalreserve.gov /boarddocs/testimony/1997/19971113.htm (1402 words)

	Reform of the International Financial System
		As we all know, this group was created with the aim of forestalling financial crisis in Asia and the Pacific, and, in the event of a crisis, of minimizing its impact on the economic welfare of the peoples of the region.
		International conditions, including the U.S. market, were stable and economic reforms in both Mexico and Argentina were well received by the international community.
		The international financial system, whose basic structure was established in the days of fixed exchange rates and limited private capital movements, needs to be adjusted to this reality.
	www.mof.go.jp /english/if/e1e070.htm (3269 words)

	Report of the Managing Director to the International Monetary and Financial Committee on Progress in Strengthening the ...
		International Financial System and Reform of the IMF
		Financial sector surveillance has been significantly expanded, efforts are under way to assist members to implement internationally-recognized standards, and dramatic improvements have been witnessed in the transparency of Fund operations.
		The role of the Fund in promoting global financial stability, broadly-shared growth and the reduction of poverty, should be seen as an integrated part of a broader strategy of the international community as a whole, involving complementary actions by international organizations—consistent with their respective mandates—and their members.
	www.imf.org /external/np/omd/2000/02/report.htm (14992 words)

	The Korea Times : Capital Flow, Aging Population Challenge APEC Members (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Financial globalization, coupled with falling costs of crossborder transactions since the 1980s, has accelerated the free movement of capital across economies.
		Major factors of currency crisis are caused from an economic system that is dependent on short term capital, improper capital liberalization, and an absence of short-term capital flow monitoring.
		Effective management ultimately depends on economies having strong and resilient economic and financial systems, and the adoption of a set of consistent and mutually reinforcing macroeconomic, exchange rate, financial, and structural policies.
	times.hankooki.com /lpage/biz/200509/kt2005090821203211860.htm (1055 words)

	WHO \| International Financial System
		Sometimes referred to as the global financial system, this is the collective name for the various official and legal arrangements that govern international financial flows in the form of loan investment, payments for goods and services, interest and profit remittances.
		The main elements are the surveillance and monitoring of economic and financial stability, and provision of multilateral finance to countries with balance of payments difficulties.
		The organization at the centre of the system is the International Monetary Fund (IMF), which has the mandate to ensure its effective running.
	www.who.int /trade/glossary/story059/en (105 words)

	GREENSPAN REMARKS ON INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL SYSTEM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The chairman said that after the current crises are resolved, leaders will have to persevere in their efforts to stabilize the international financial system with governments relying more on the private sector to achieve safety and soundness.
		He recommended implementation of a number of initiatives to improve international financial system discipline, including development of global standards for bank supervision, increased transparency for fiscal and monetary authorities, release of prompt and detailed data on global lending and enforcement of sound corporate governance and accounting standards.
		It is important to remember -- when we contemplate the regulatory interface with the new international financial system -- the system that is relevant is not solely the one we confront today.
	www.usembassy.it /file9801/alia/98110516.htm (3996 words)

	International Monetary System
		Under such a system, nations fix the value of their currencies not with respect to gold, but to some foreign currency, which is in turn fixed to and redeemable in gold.
		Widespread inflation after the United States abandoned gold convertibility forced the IMF to agree (1976) on a system of floating exchange rates, by which the gold standard became obsolete and the values of various currencies were to be determined by the market.
		The euro was introduced in financial markets in 1999 as replacement for the currencies (including the Deutschmark) of 11 countries belonging to the European Union (EU); it began circulating in 2002 in 12 EU nations (see European Monetary System).
	www.question.com /link/intlmone.html (869 words)

	FSF reviews vulnerabilities and efforts to strengthen the international financial system (BIS Press Releases 4 Sep 2002)
		The experience of the financial sector overall supports the benefits of the considerable investments in risk management that had previously been made.
		Given the international dimensions of the problems and their remedies, FSF members also underscored the importance of international and cross-sectoral consultations to ensure that these efforts are based on high level principles that are coherent across countries.
		The FSF calls upon national and international standard setters to accelerate their efforts at developing more comparable, accurate and transparent ways of accounting for these in financial statements; to improve international accounting standards; and to bring about greater international convergence on principles-based standards.
	www.bis.org /press/p020904.htm (1353 words)

	Stability and Growth in the International Financial System
		Our goal now is to build an international financial system that is more robust against small mistakes or sudden changes in perceptions, while also promoting growth, efficiency, and the diversification of risk.
		One of the much vaunted benefits of global integration is that it allows developing countries to use international financial markets to diversify and hedge against their risks.
		The international community justifies this support because it is worried about the potential for contagion and systemic risk in these types of crises.
	www.worldbank.org /html/dec/chiefecon/articles/wea21/indexp3.htm (754 words)

	State of the International Financial System (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		As to rebuilding financial systems in Iraq and Afghanistan, again, the Treasury Department and civilian employees have been among the first and most successful teams on the ground in Iraq and Afghanistan.
		We want to continue to see that concept though honed even further so that the world financial system, the sovereigns of the world, the developing countries who would seek access would have a clear sense, would have clarity and transparency on when access would be made available.
		Congressman Royce, the issue of the Saudi's support in the financial war on terrorism is one which we and Treasury have engaged at the very highest levels of the Saudi government, and have done so on a continuous basis.
	commdocs.house.gov /committees/bank/hba94688.000/hba94688_0.htm (15250 words)

	The International System (Metric)
		The International System of Units is a modernized version of the metric system, established by international agreement, that provides a logical and interconnected framework for all measurements in science, industry, and commerce.
		The system is built on a foundation of seven basic units, and all other units are derived from them.
		The second is defined as the duration of 9,192,631,770 cycles of the radiation associated with a specified transition of the cesium-133 atom.
	www.infoplease.com /ipa/A0001658.html (621 words)

	A/55/187 : Towards a stable international financial system (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		International Monetary Fund country groupings differ from those of the World Economic and Social Survey.
		dimensions of the reform of the international financial
		the international monetary and financial system is IMF,
	www.un.org /documents/ga/docs/55/a55-187.htm (1848 words)

	International Financial System, IFS, Postal Technology Centre, PTC, Universal Postal Union (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The International Financial System application (IFS) is a software application that was developed by the PTC to address problems often encountered with traditional money order services.
		The goal of the IFS system is to provide postal enterprises with reliable, secure, and timely electronic financial services, which in turn allows Posts to be more competitive in the global marketplace.
		The IFS system not only handles all phases of international money processing but also provides advanced features that facilitate international accounting.
	www.ptc.upu.int /ps/ifs.shtml (516 words)

	SSRN-The Euro and the International Financial System by Richard Portes
		This paper analyses the issues raised by EMU for the relationships between the euro area and the international financial system.
		It concludes with discussion of policies towards the international role of the euro, in areas such as: data needs; financial market developments; euroisation; EMU and the international financial architecture; and the role of the Euro Group of finance ministers.
		Portes, Richard, "The Euro and the International Financial System" (June 2001).
	papers.ssrn.com /sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=289332 (348 words)

	Library.adoption.com Site Map (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The page you are looking for could not be found, but the following similiar pages may be of interest.
		International adoption agencies can post their children’s photos and information at Photolisting.Adoption.com, where families hoping to adopt can view photos and search by country.
		Travel.Adoption.com is your resource for international adoption travel planning.
	library.adoption.com /Resources-and-Information/International-Adoption... (490 words)

	AllRefer.com - Kazakhstan - International Financial Relations of Kazakhstan - Foreign Investment - Foreign Trade \| ...
		By 1992 the trade situation among the CIS countries was characterized by the World Bank as "verging on the chaotic," with the old Soviet payments system deteriorating and a common currency, the ruble (see Glossary), showing uncertain value.
		Of the 1994 totals, US$1.266 billion, or 41 percent, of exports went to the "far abroad," beyond the CIS, and US$1.286 billion, or 37 percent, of imports came from the "far abroad." Experts forecast slightly lower overall export figures in 1995 because of restricted access to Russian pipelines.
		The trade deficit with non-CIS partners is financed by borrowing from international financial institutions.
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/kazakhstan/kazakhstan40.html (958 words)

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