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Topic: Internationalized Resource Identifier

	Uniform Resource Identifier - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), is a short string of characters used to identify or name a resource.
		A Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is a URI that, in addition to identifying a resource, provides means of acting upon or obtaining a representation of the resource by describing its primary access mechanism or network "location".
		A Uniform Resource Name (URN) is a URI that identifies a resource by name in a particular namespace.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Uniform_Resource_Identifier (2051 words)

	Encyclopedia :: encyclopedia : Natural resource (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Renewable resources are generally living resources (fish, coffee, and forests, for example), which can restock (renew) themselves at approximately the rate at which they are extracted, if they are not overharvested.
		Mineral resources are generally non-renewable and, once a site's non-renewable resource is exhausted, it is considered to be useless for future extraction, barring technological improvements that allow economic extraction from the tailings.
		Both extraction of the basic resource and refining it into a purer, directly usable form, (e.g., metals, refined oils) are generally considered natural-resource activities, even though the latter may not necessarily occur near the former.
	www.hallencyclopedia.com /Natural_resource (397 words)

	Extensible Resource Identifier - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		eXtensible Resource Identifier (abbreviated XRI) is a scheme and resolution protocol for abstract identifiers compatible with Uniform Resource Identifiers and Internationalized Resource Identifiers, developed by the XRI Technical Committee at OASIS.
		One of these key requirements -- internationalization -- was ultimately met by the W3C and IETF by developing a new form of URI called an Internationalized Resource Identifier (IRI).
		Map identifiers used to identify a resource in one domain to other "synonyms" used to identify the same resource in the same domain, or in other domains.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/XRI (1191 words)

	Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs)
		A Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) is defined in [RFCYYYY]Berners-Lee, T., Fielding, R. and L. Masinter, Uniform Resource Identifier (URI): Generic Syntax (Note to the RFC Editor: Please update this reference with the RFC resulting from draft-fielding-uri-rfc2396bis-xx.txt, and remove this Note), April 2004.
		However, when the resource identifier is used for resource retrieval, it is in many cases necessary to determine the associated URI because most retrieval mechanisms currently only are defined for URIs.
		The added resource may pretend to be the real resource by looking very similar, but may contain all kinds of changes that may be difficult to spot and can cause all kinds of problems.
	www.w3.org /International/iri-edit/draft-duerst-iri.html (13647 words)

	News: URI Resource Pages - IFLA CDNL Alliance for Bibliographic Standards (ICABS) (Standards - Library of Congress)
		RFC 3987 defines the IRI -- Internationalized Resource Identifier, a complement to the URI -- the Uniform Resource Identifier.
		And the confusion caused by using an ‘http:’ URI for a pure identifier is illustrated in the example (see Identifiers vs. Resolvable URIs, June 2005) where an XML namespace is identified by an 'http:' URI.
		It is useful to distinguish a URI whose primary purpose is to serve as an identifier from one whose primary role is to access a resource.
	www.loc.gov /standards/uri/news.html (4787 words)

	Cover Pages: IESG Announces Last Call Review for IETF Internet Drafts on URIs and IRIs.
		The IRI document defines a new protocol element named the Internationalized Resource Identifier (IRI) "as a complement to the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI)." URIs are composed of sequence of characters chosen from a limited subset of the repertoire of US-ASCII characters.
		A Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) is "a compact sequence of characters for identifying an abstract or physical resource.
		Resource: This specification does not limit the scope of what might be a resource; rather, the term 'resource' is used in a general sense for whatever might be identified by a URI.
	xml.coverpages.org /ni2004-08-18-a.html (2168 words)

	Internationalized Resource Identifier - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		On the Internet, the Internationalized Resource Identifier (IRI) is a generalization of the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), which is in turn a generalization of the Uniform Resource Locator (URL).
		While URIs are limited to a subset of the ASCII character set, IRIs may contain characters from the Universal Character Set (Unicode/ISO 10646).
		Basically, an IRI is the internationalized version of a URI.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Internationalized_Resource_Identifier (102 words)

	Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs)
		Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs) are a new protocol element, a complement to URIs [
		Such identifiers are easier to create, easier to remember, easier to understand, easier to guess, easier to transcribe, and easier to identify with.
		Internationalization of URIs is important because URIs may contain all kinds of information from all kinds of protocols or formats that use characters beyond ASCII.
	www.w3.org /International/O-URL-and-ident (553 words)

	RFC 3987 (rfc3987) - Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs)
		Abstract This document defines a new protocol element, the Internationalized Resource Identifier (IRI), as a complement to the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI).
		Overview and Motivation A Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) is defined in [RFC3986] as a sequence of characters chosen from a limited subset of the repertoire of US-ASCII [ASCII] characters.
		But conversion using [RFC3490] may be able to better deal with backwards compatibility issues in case mapping and resolution are separated, as in the case of using an HTTP proxy.
	www.faqs.org /rfcs/rfc3987.html (12355 words)

	OASIS Extensible Resource Identifier TC
		A single book title may be identified in several ways: by ISBN, by Dewey Decimal system, etc. If a user wishes to identify a physical book owned by one or more libraries, URI syntax does not provide a standard way to combine the identifier scheme for the book title (e.g.
		Many of the candidate identifier types will be drawn from the work currently underway at the Core Identifier Workgroup and at the Network Applications Consortium XRI Profile Working Group.
		In addition, XRI architecture is unique in that it allows resources to be simultaneously identified with both persistent and reassignable synonyms-the former for unambigous, long-lived identification and the latter for human usability.
	www.oasis-open.org /committees/xri/faq.php (5957 words)

	Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP): Core
		The resource identifier is an optional tertiary identifier placed after the domain identifier and separated from the latter by the '/' character.
		A resource identifier is opaque to both servers and other clients, and is typically defined by a client implementation when it provides the information necessary to complete Resource BindingResource Binding (although it may be generated by a server on behalf of a client), after which it is referred to as a "connected resource".
		A resource identifier MUST be formatted such that the Resourceprep profile of [STRINGPREP]Hoffman, P. and M. Blanchet, Preparation of Internationalized Strings ("stringprep"), December 2002.
	www.xmpp.org /specs/rfc3920.html (12936 words)

	[No title]
		Duerst & Suignard Standards Track [Page 6] RFC 3987 Internationalized Resource Identifiers January 2005 Characters outside the US-ASCII repertoire are not reserved and therefore MUST NOT be used for syntactical purposes, such as to delimit components in newly defined schemes.
		But Duerst & Suignard Standards Track [Page 12] RFC 3987 Internationalized Resource Identifiers January 2005 conversion using [RFC3490] may be able to better deal with backwards compatibility issues in case mapping and resolution are separated, as in the case of using an HTTP proxy.
		Duerst & Suignard Standards Track [Page 33] RFC 3987 Internationalized Resource Identifiers January 2005 Such applications have to be upgraded to use the IRI syntax as a base for heuristics.
	www.ietf.org /rfc/rfc3987.txt (12694 words)

	OASIS Extensible Resource Identifier (XRI) TC
		The purpose of this TC is to define a URI-compatible identifier scheme and resolution protocol for abstract identifiers, i.e., identifiers that are location-, application-, and transport-independent, and thus can be shared across any number of domains and directories.
		The TC is also defining an extension of the generic resolution protocol for trusted resolution, and a special set of identifiers for XRI metadata (identifiers that describe other identifiers).
		The XRI Syntax specification is based on the URI (Uniform Resource Identifier) specification, RFC 3986, and the IRI (Internationalized Resource Identifier) specification, RFC 3987.
	www.oasis-open.org /committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=xri (627 words)

	[No title]
		Network Working Group M. Duerst Internet-Draft W3C Expires: May 5, 2003 M. Suignard Microsoft Corporation November 4, 2002 Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs) draft-duerst-iri-02 Status of this Memo This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance with all provisions of Section 10 of RFC2026.
		Abstract This document defines a new protocol element, the Internationalized Resource Identifier (IRI), as a complement to the URI [RFC2396].
		Note that Internationalized Domain Names may be contained in parts of an IRI other than the 'ihostname' part.
	www.ietf.org /proceedings/02nov/I-D/draft-duerst-iri-02.txt (8454 words)

	XRI (Extensible Resource Identifier)
		The Extensible Resource Identifier (XRI) specification establishes an interoperable identity management framework for expressing, resolving and establishing equivalence between identifiers of any kind for any resource type, including people, applications, network devices and corporate assets.
		XRIs are ideally suited for identifying resources at this level of abstraction because the resolution process lets the consuming application choose the best network location, retrieval method and file format for its needs from the available options.
		The XRIDescriptor describes the identified resource and the means by which the digital representation of the resource can be retrieved.
	www.networkworld.com /details/7600.html (865 words)

	[No title]
		Network Working Group M. Duerst Internet-Draft W3C Expires: May 4, 2003 M. Suignard Microsoft Corporation November 3, 2002 Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs) draft-duerst-iri-02 Status of this Memo This document is an Internet-Draft and is in full conformance with all provisions of Section 10 of RFC2026.
		Duerst & Suignard Expires May 4, 2003 [Page 1] Internet-Draft Internationalized Resource Identifiers November 2002 Guidelines for the use and deployment of IRIs in various protocols, formats, and software components that now deal with URIs are provided.
		In some scenarios, such as XML Namespaces ([XMLNamespace]), a definite answer to the question of IRI equivalence is needed that is Duerst & Suignard Expires May 4, 2003 [Page 10] Internet-Draft Internationalized Resource Identifiers November 2002 independent of the scheme used and always can be calculated quickly and without accessing a network.
	ietfreport.isoc.org /all-ids/draft-duerst-iri-02.txt (8364 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		As specified in [XMPP-CORE], entity addresses as used in communications over an XMPP network must not be prepended with a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) scheme (as specified in [URI]).
		However, applications external to an XMPP network may need to identify XMPP entities as URIs or, in a more modern fashion, as Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs) as specified in [IRI].
		However, if a processing application does not understand fragment identifier components or the syntax of a particular fragment identifier component included in an Saint-Andre Expires December 8, 2005 [Page 7] Internet-Draft XMPP-IRI June 2005 XMPP IRI, it MUST ignore the fragment identifier component.
	www.faqs.org /ftp/pub/internet-drafts/draft-saintandre-xmpp-iri-00.txt (2817 words)

	A Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) Scheme for the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP)
		An xmpp: URI is opaque rather than hierarchical, and thus is similar to a mailto: URI as specified in RFC 2368Hoffman, P., Masinter, L. and J. Zawinski, The mailto URL scheme, July 1998.
		While the "?" character is allowed in the resource identifier portion of an XMPP address (according to [XMPP-CORE]Saint-Andre, P., Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP): Core, January 2004.
		Masinter, "Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax", RFC 2396, August 1998.
	www.jabber.org /ietf/attic/draft-saintandre-xmpp-uri-04.html (2238 words)

	URI (Java Platform SE 6 b86)
		An instance of this class represents a URI reference as defined by RFC 3986: Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax, or an IRI reference as defined by RFC 3987: Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs).
		RFC 3986 obsoletes RFC 2396: Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax and RFC 2732: Format for Literal IPv6 Addresses in URLs.
		A URI is a uniform resource identifier while a URL is a uniform resource locator.
	java.sun.com /javase/6/docs/api/java/net/URI.html (5570 words)

	Uses of Package java.net (Java Platform SE 6 b86)
		Represents a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) reference or an Internationalized Resource Identifier (IRI) reference.
		Checked exception thrown to indicate that a string could not be parsed as a URI reference.
		This class loader is used to load classes and resources from a search path of URLs referring to both JAR files and directories.
	java.sun.com /javase/6/docs/api/java/net/package-use.html (1676 words)

	Definition: IRI (Internationalized Resource Identifier) [Web and XML Glossary]
		An IRI is a generalized form of URI that may contain non-ASCII characters.
		Martin J. Dürst, Internationalized Resource Identifiers: From Specification to Testing, In: Proceedings of the Nineteenth Internationalization and Unicode Conference, San Jose, California, September 2001 [0.8]
		Martin J. Dürst, Internationalized Resource Identifiers (IRIs): Server-side Implementation, In: Proceedings of the Twenty-fourth Internationalization and Unicode Conference, Atlanta, Georgia, September 2003 [0.8]
	dret.net /glossary/iri (214 words)

	Bug ID: 5085902 RFE: Internationalized Resource Identifier (IRI) Support
		The IETF is working on a specification for internationalized resource identifiers.
		Support for IRIs in java.net needs to be added when the specification is approved.
		Unless otherwise licensed, code in all technical manuals herein (including articles, FAQs, samples) is provided under this License.
	bugs.sun.com /bugdatabase/view_bug.do?bug_id=5085902 (96 words)

	XRI Introduction
		The XRI specifications are built directly on top of the foundation provided by the URI (Uniform Resource Identifier) and IRI (Internationalized Resource Identifier) specifications from IETF and W3C.
		URIs introduced a standard means of identifying resources across distributed networks that in only 15 years has become the most successful identifier scheme in history.
		XRIs provide a simple, standard means of discovering URIs that may be associated with a resource, including those needed for additional metadata discovery.
	www.javacommerce.com /xri (405 words)

	XRIs resolve identity management dilemma - Network World (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		A company's partner, for instance, might identify each of its employees by personnel number, a distinguished name or an e-mail address.
		Merely recognizing the type of identifier provided can be difficult or impossible, and supporting them all is costly.
		The Extensible Resource Identifier (XRI) specification establishes an interoperable framework for expressing, resolving and establishing equivalence between identifiers of any kind for any resource type, including people, applications, network devices and corporate assets.
	www.networkworld.com /news/tech/2005/091205techupdate.html (808 words)

	Personal homepage of Jeroen van der Meer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		So lets summarize that: A URL is a URI, but URIs can be more, or different, than giving access to a resource.
		But when you look at the real world you'll see that when people provide a URI, 99,9% of the time that URI also meets the requirements for a URL.
		So don't forget, URIs always need a scheme that defines the protocol to be used to access the resource and a path.
	jero.net /articles/iris-uris-and-urls (631 words)

	Asia/Pacific Computer Services - links about Spoken Languages, Speech Recognition, Translation
		IRMA - International Resource Management Application - "IRMA's goal is to provide translators with an easy-to-use environment in which the Linspire OS in addition to Open Source software, can be translated efficiently.
		How terminology affects a solution's chances in the global market - the proactive management of terminology should be a key component of any plan for developing and marketing products and software solutions in multiple markets.
		Why developers choose Java for international applications - the concept of the locale and how it relates to Java and resource bundles.
	www.notestracker.com /Links/SpokenLanguages.htm (4202 words)

	XML Schema: Understanding Namespaces (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		As defined by the W3C Namespaces in XML Recommendation, an XML namespace is a collection of XML elements and attributes identified by an Internationalized Resource Identifier (IRI); this collection is often referred to as an XML "vocabulary."
		One of the primary motivations for defining an XML namespace is to avoid naming conflicts when using and re-using multiple vocabularies.
		Typing the namespace URL in a browser doesn't mean it would show all the elements and attributes in that namespace; it's just a concept.
	www.oracle.com /technology/pub/articles/srivastava_namespaces.html?_template=/ocom/technology/content/print (2895 words)

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