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	Top-level domain - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		TLD was added in the late 1980s by the NIC for the use of NATO, who felt that none of the then existing TLDs adequately reflected their status as an international organization.
		TLD, although no longer used, was not deleted until July 1996.
		Computers not connected to the Internet, but connected to another network such as Bitnet or UUCP, could generally exchange e-mail with the Internet via e-mail gateways.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Top-level_domain (404 words)

	iahc-gtldspec-00.txt
		Therefore any administration, use and/or evolution of the Internet TLD space is a public policy issue and should be carried out in an open and public manner in the interests and service of the public.
		Internet standards are developed according to the principal of "rough consensus" which means a strongly dominant sense of preference within the community that is seeking to achieve forward progress, in spite of differing opinions.
		Therefore, any administration, use and/or evolution of the Internet TLD space is a public policy issue and must be carried out in an open and public manner in the interests and service of the public.
	ietfreport.isoc.org /idref/draft-iahc-gtldspec (5757 words)

	Subnova: A monument to all your sins. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		As this article points out, "There are those who claim that the internet was born with ARPANET, arguing that the Net is defined by the kind of large scale packet switching that ARPANET pioneered.
		However, the total percentage of US citizens who regularly use the Internet grew only 10%, to 44% of the population; this implies that broadband adoption is driven mostly by longtime users giving up their dialup connections in favor of a faster line.
		But in the case of internet, web and net, a change in our house style was necessary to put into perspective what the internet is: another medium for delivering and receiving information.
	www.subnova.com /news?cat=Internet (1353 words)

	Is ICANN's New Generation of Internet Domain Name Selection Process Thwarting Competition?" (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Yet given the rapid commercialization of the Internet and the ardent desire of various public, private and civic voices to have their say on how the Internet develops from here forward, it is obvious that we must proceed with a different process.
		As the Internet continues to grow, not only in terms of electronic commerce but also with respect to global communication in general, the number of people, businesses, and nations with a stakeholder interest in the fair and competitive expansion of its perimeters is growing.
		An Internet in which anyone can obtain the domain name of their choice, but where the DNS does not function when someone seeks to find a particular website, is also not useful.
	energycommerce.house.gov /107/Hearings/02082001hearing37/print.htm (18271 words)

	ICANN \| Top-Level Domains (gTLDs)
		The responsibility for operating each TLD (including maintaining a registry of the second-level domains within the TLD) is delegated to a particular organization.
		TLDs with two letters (such as.de,.mx, and.jp) have been established for over 240 countries and external territories and are referred to as "country-code" TLDs or "ccTLDs".
		Generally speaking, an unsponsored TLD operates under policies established by the global Internet community directly through the ICANN process, while a sponsored TLD is a specialized TLD that has a sponsor representing the narrower community that is most affected by the TLD.
	www.icann.org /tlds (695 words)

	TLD - Tag Library Descriptor, Top Level Domain
		A TLD is the uppermost in the hierarchy of domain names.
		The "net" is considered the TLD and the "simplythebest.net" is considered the second level domain.
		A TLD is either a generic top-level domain (gTLD), such as "com" for "commercial," "net" for "network," etc., or a country code top-level domain (ccTLD), such as "uk" for the United Kingdom.
	www.auditmypc.com /acronym/TLD.asp (824 words)

	IANA \| Report on Establishment of the .museum Top-Level Domain
		The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (the IANA) is responsible for various administrative functions associated with management of the Internet's domain-name system root zone, including reviewing the appropriateness of various contemplated changes to the content of the root zone and preparing reports on those changes.
		The Internet domain-name system (DNS) was deployed under the guidance of Jon Postel in 1984 and 1985 (see RFC 921) as a distributed database for information about resources on the Internet, replacing the prior "hosts.txt" system.
		Thus, the sponsored TLD model ensures stable technical operation, by requiring adherence to the standard specifications on such topics as nameservice, data escrow, and use of valid host names, while providing a substantial degree of autonomy for development of community-specific policies.
	www.iana.org /reports/museum-report-30oct01.htm (2165 words)

	IAHC Proposal
		For example, these TLDs are, in practice, open to anyone who lives anywhere (which is why, perhaps, they have come to be referred to as "international".) However, there is no criterion that an applicant for a domain name in any of these spaces act in an international capacity.
		Given that the DNS is critical to the operation of the Internet, the IAHC is defining initial changes of a relatively modest scale, with later evaluation and modification as appropriate.
		It is noted that in many ISO 3166 TLD national name spaces the original generic Internet top level name structure has been adopted as the second level name structure, or a functionally equivalent variant, sometimes using the national language as the source of the appropriate abbreviations.
	www.iahc.org /draft-iahc-recommend-00.html (7462 words)

	The Practical Nomad
		The ".travel" Internet top-level domain name (TLD) has been added to the root-zone files, the Web site of the first active ".travel" sub-domain is live at http://www.travel.travel, and registration of other ".travel" second-level domain names launched on 3 October 2005.
		Internet governing body ICANN has handed over control of the Internet travel namespace to a front group for the interests of airlines and the travel "industry", to the exclusion (and the detriment) of the travelling public and "civil society" organizations and communities concerned with travel.
		As a TLD, ".travel" is like ".com" or ".net", but with the important difference that the "sponsor" of the ".travel" domain has been given the right to control who is, and who is not, allowed to register ".travel" domains, and which domains they are allowed to register.
	hasbrouck.org /icann (2212 words)

	Wikinfo \| Top-level domain
		TLDs are primarily used with the DNS protocol, which maps domain names onto IP addresses.
		TLD was intended to be a temporary measure to facilitate the transition to the Domain Name System.
		The ARPANET was a predecessor to the Internet established by the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA).
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Top-level_domain (1326 words)

	DIFFERENTIATION OF THE .ORG TLD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In fact, Internet users in every region think that it is appropriate for noncommercials ranging from religious institutions, to hospitals, to use the.org TLD. This perception holds true whether one is referring to a local, national, or international institution.
		Strategies that asked 400 Internet user and business e-mail users how they discovered new Websites, 45.8% cited search engines as their top method. Three of the five most visited properties on the Internet in May, 2002 were MSN, Yahoo and Google.
		Noncommercial organizations are increasingly relying on the Internet to provide information, communicate with their members or constituency, to provide important services and to raise funds. In many ways, however, the noncommercial community is only beginning to harness the power of the Internet to serve more effectively carry out their respective missions.
	www.icann.org /tlds/org/applications/neustar/08.html (3934 words)

	NxGn (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		TLDs that result in a current existing ownership cannot be applied for to ensure there's no TLD duplication.
		TLD ownership comes with responsibility to prevent any sacrifice of the Integrity of the Second Generation Internet.
		The Second Generation Internet expects that all applicants agree that they will not directly or indirectly infringe upon the legal rights of any third party by registering the TLD they are requesting.
	www.sgi2.com /learn_process.asp (332 words)

	PCWorld.com - Critics Craft a Plan to Challenge ICANN's Authority
		The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, the nonprofit group that runs the Internet's Domain Name System, might be challenged next year for some of its administrative power by a group of dissatisfied top-level domain holders who feel ICANN holds too much sway.
		Rob Courtney, a policy analyst at the Washington-based Center for Democracy and Technology, a nonprofit public policy group, said rumblings of a possible challenge to ICANN were raised yesterday at a four-day session being held by ICANN in Shanghai to consider changes to its bylaws and structure.
		The idea, Courtney said, is that a number of TLD holders may want to take over some of the Internet's administrative work now done by ICANN under a contract with the U.S. Department of Commerce.
	www.pcworld.com /news/article/0,aid,106478,00.asp (512 words)

	All Answers in ONE post!
		The most feasible categorized tld's that could apply to millions would be.per for personal web sites, and possibly.reg (or whatever) for trademarks.
		8) ICANN's stance of focusing on NOT destabilizing the Internet is mostly a pretense.
		Therefore, it must be an excuse to either justify their slow progress and/or justify the slow roll-out of new TLD's to satisfy corporate interests who have ONE primary goal.
	forum.icann.org /newtlds/3949982300000069.html (585 words)

	Web Host Directory Forums - Customized Search Solutions for Domain Name Industry Unveiled (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Each domain name under DNC management is optimized by editorial staff to ensure Internet users are provided a relevant navigation experience and DNC customers with the highest amount of revenue and return on investment.
		TLD administrators realize revenue through paid search results and other revenue-generating opportunities that are displayed on navigation assistance pages.
		When Internet users type a domain name managed by the DNC solution, or enter a nonexistent domain name in the case of RWC, NCS servers, operating in multiple locations on a fully redundant architecture network, pull relevant search results from various search providers.
	www.freeforums.com /showthread.php?threadid=11077 (1380 words)

	CaveBear Blog: March 2004 Archives
		I have always believed that ICANN should be blind to the way in which an operator of a TLD uses that TLD (as long as the technical requirements of internet standards are followed.) See my statement on new TLDs in my campaign platform from year 2000.
		ICANN's TLD policy is nothing more a bald imposition of business policies and economic limitations designed to protect certain selected business actors and to exclude new ideas and actors from the domain name marketplace.
		The contents of this TLD suggest that it was created by Verisign, the company that actually constructs the root zone file used by the dominant set of root servers.
	www.cavebear.com /cbblog-archives/2004_03.html (1773 words)

	RLG DigiNews August 15, 2002, Volume 6, Number 4
		The original generic TLDs (.com,.org,.edu,.mil,.gov, plus country domains matching the two-letter ISO standard country codes, e.g.,.uk,.au) were established in 1984, as part of the original design process for the DNS.
		At present, the DNS is primarily governed by ICANN, the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, a private non-profit organization formed in 1998, and funded in large part by the U.S. government.
		Nonetheless, it is possible that the Internet might continue to evolve in its historically decentralized and often chaotic manner, in spite of ICANN’s efforts to the contrary.
	www.rlg.org /legacy/preserv/diginews/v6_n4_faq.html (1259 words)

	UAE Network Information Center announces plans to target business & government sectors \| UAE Network Information ...
		According to ISO 3166 standard codes,.ae (Arab Emirates) is the two-letter country code, referred to as the TLD, in Internet terminology, assigned to the UAE by the International Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN).
		Abdulla Hashim, UAEnic Manager, said that the body was committed to promoting the Internet and name of the UAE in cyber-space by encouraging both individuals and organizations to have their own domain names under.ae.
		By opting for a country code TLD, businesses and government departments can maintain the integrity of their presence on the Internet, on the one hand, and be more closely associated with their country of origin, on the other,' he added.
	www.ameinfo.com /2298.html (950 words)

	ipedia.com: Top-level domain Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Internet domain names consist of parts separated by periods; the last part is the top-level domain or TLD.
		TLD no longer has any connection with the ARPANET, and now officially stands for "Address and Routing Parameter Area".
		TLD remains in use for other purposes including reverse DNS lookup where for example the IP address
	www.ipedia.com /top_level_domain.html (1458 words)

	[No title]
		Internet Registrars are mandatory signatories to the CORE-MoU.
		TLDs currently referred to as ÒinternationalÓ are more appropriately called ÒgenericÓ (gTLD); only.int represents a truly international portion of the name space.
		Current difficulties with gTLDs are highly exacerbated by inadequate use of the.us TLD and it is strongly recommended that functional Second-Level Domains (SLDs) for.us be defined and used, as they are for most other ISO 3166-based TLDs.
	www.iahc.org /word/draft-iahc-gTLDspec-00.doc (5497 words)

	The Practical Nomad blog: Addition of ".travel" TLD to Internet root name servers
		The final decision on whether to add ".travel" to the Internet's root domain name servers will be (or perhaps already has been) made by the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA), a division of the USA Department of Commerce (DOC).
		The role of the NTIA and DOC in Internet governance pleases almost no one: most interested parties would prefer either that authority for Internet governance be transferred to an international organization, or that it be privatized and turned over to an unregulated "private" (i.e.
		Define and implement a predictable strategy for selecting new TLDs using straightforward, transparent, and objective procedures that preserve the stability of the Internet (strategy development to be completed by September 30, 2004 and implementation to commence by December 31, 2004).
	hasbrouck.org /blog/archives/000586.html (1494 words)

	PW Registry Corporation Launches New Top-Level Domain Devoted Exclusively for Online Communities and Social Networking (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Designated as one of the original Internet domain extensions on the Internet, PW is an operational domain that works throughout the global Internet without requiring any changes to the existing technical infrastructure.
		PW is the Internet’s first global top-level domain dedicated exclusively for the formation of social networks and communities.
		Unlike traditional social networks that are fragmented by professions or social interests and require users to compromise personal address books, a PW address enables users to establish their membership in a social network without exposing the identity of colleagues and friends.
	www.emediawire.com /releases/2004/3/emw108146.htm (942 words)

	TLD.net
		Telefónica Larga Distancia (TLD de Puerto Rico) amplía su gama de productos y servicios al mercado con el lanzamiento de su nueva infraestructura de acceso a Internet a través de TLD.Net.
		El nuevo acceso a TLD.net cuenta con una plataforma totalmente nueva, de equipos de comunicación y servidores de alta capacidad que permiten conexiones de acceso a Internet, a una variedad de velocidades que van desde 56Kbps hasta más de 1.544 Mbps, con lo cual se garantiza un acceso de mejor calidad a una gran velocidad.
		Dial-in permite conexión simultánea al Internet de múltiples usuarios que compartirán el ancho de banda a través de modem.
	www.tld.net (244 words)

	[No title]
		Registrar Qualifications and Applications (a) Applicants to be Registrars shall complete an application form to demonstrate compliance with the requirements to qualify to sign the CORE-MoU as set forth in Appendix A to this CORE-MoU.
		Any change of ownership or control which would cause the Registrar to fail to meet the then current requirements for selection shall disqualify the Registrar, and it shall no longer have the right to function as a Registrar.
		The holder is to be determined via queries to public data bases maintained by existing Internet Registrars.
	www.songbird.com /pab/docs/core-mou.txt (2879 words)

	Dot Communists! Caught in the Dot Net! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Currently, one of the most powerful organizations on the planet (No I am not exaggerating) ICANN (Internet council on assigned names and numbers) is embroiled over new plans to hatch "new" TLD.s.
		Anyone currently involved in the industry has to ask themselves, how will this impact the Internet as it is taking shape and changing our lives (and it certainly is doing that).
		I believe that, if this does occur, the only TLD to be hurt, from a value point of view, is most certainly the.com TLD.
	www.webpronews.com /archives/062300.html (1505 words)

	What is TLD? - A Word Definition From the Webopedia Computer Dictionary
		Short for top-level domain, and refers to the suffix attached to Internet domain names.
		Contains frequently asked questions about TLDs from the Generic Top Level Domain Memorandum of Understanding (gTLD-MoU), an international framework in which policies for the administration and enhancement of the Internet's generic Domain Name System (DNS) are developed and deployed.
		Home page of CORE, a non-profit organization founded as result of a plan initiated by the Internet Society (ISOC) and the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) in Fall 1996 to add new structure, free enterprise and competition to the Internet Domain Name System (DNS) when the old monopoly on.com,.org and.net ends in 1998.
	www.webopedia.com /TERM/T/TLD.html (202 words)

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