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	Internment
		Internment, detention or confinement of a person in time of war.
		During WORLD WAR I enemy aliens (nationals of Germany and of the Austro-Hungarian and Turkish empires) were subject to internment, but only if there were "reasonable grounds" to believe they were engaged in espionage or otherwise acting illegally.
		Although responsibility shifted in 1915 from the Department of Militia and Defence to the Department of Justice, Major-General Sir William OTTER remained officer commanding (later director of) internment operations.
	www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com /index.cfm?PgNm=TCE&Params=A1ARTA0004039 (519 words)

	Bloody Sunday Trust- How you can help the Trust.
		Internment had been employed by the Unionist Government at Stormont in every decade since the creation of the northern state as a means to suppress Republican opposition.
		The combination of botched arrests, stories of brutality escaping from the internment centres and the reintroduction of internment, which was viewed as a form of communal punishment and humiliation, unleashed a wave of violence across the north, with practically no military gains to offset the impact internment had on the entire nationalist community.
		At the same time a rents and rates strike was introduced in protest against internment and within weeks was supported, according to government figures, by 26,000 households.
	www.bloodysundaytrust.org /eduintern.htm (1031 words)

	A Psychosocial Analysis of Japanese-American Internment
		A surreptitious consequence of internment is its enduring impact on the Japanese-American's well-being; moreover, the psychological and physiological effects still linger to torment those innocent yet nevertheless condemned individuals.
		Living in internment hindered autonomy of oneself--fundamental freedom was withdrawn from internees.
		Internment was therefore a stressor-motivating attitude change or reaffirmation which came at a high medical and psychological cost.
	www.geocities.com /internment_info/Psychosocial/psychosocial.html (3476 words)

	Internment - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		"Internment" is the imprisonment or confinement of people, commonly in large groups, without due process of law and a trial.
		The term is used for facilities whose inmates are selected according to some criteria, rather than individuals who are incarcerated after due process of law fairly applied by a judiciary.
		Over the course of the 20th century, the arbitrary internment of civilians by the authority of the state became more common and reached a climax with Nazi concentration camps and the practice of genocide in Nazi extermination camps, and with the Gulag system of forced labor camps of the Soviet Union.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Internment (910 words)

	internment - HighBeam Encyclopedia
		INTERNMENT [internment] in international law, detention of the nationals or property of an enemy or a belligerent.
		The practice of detaining persons considered dangerous during a war is often called internment, even though they may not be enemy nationals.
		Reflections on the internment of persons of German origin in Australia during two world wars: context and arguments *.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-internme.html (332 words)

	Wolf Klaphake - Internment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		With the notable exception of Japanese nationals, internment during World War II was not as comprehensive as it had been during World War I. Altogether, about 7000 Australian residents were interned at some stage between 1939 and 1946.
		Internment was the responsibility of the military authorities.
		The internment of Germans in Queensland during World War II’ in M Jurgensen and A Corkhill (eds), The German Presence in Queensland, 1838—1988, Centre for German-Australian Studies, St Lucia, pp.
	uncommonlives.naa.gov.au /contents.asp?sID=3 (2189 words)

	Internment Camps in the United States
		Indian Final Solution — This is about the forcible eviction of the Cherokee from their Eastern homelands to internment camps, later to be called "reservations", in the Western states.
		The Japanese-American Internment of 1942-45 — Suspected of disloyalty, they were rounded up and confined for the duration of World War II.
		Internment in the United States during World War II, December 7, 1941 - July 1948 — German and Italian nationals were interned as well.
	www.constitution.org /abus/intern/intern.htm (545 words)

	Japanese-American Internment in WWII Photographs Exhibit, Univ. Utah (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Leaders in California, Oregon, and Washington, demanded that the residents of Japanese ancestry be removed from their homes along the coast and relocated in isolated inland areas.
		The War Relocation Authority was created to administer the assembly centers, relocation centers, and internment camps, and relocation of Japanese-Americans began in April 1942.
		Internment camps were scattered all over the interior West, in isolated desert areas of Arizona, California, Utah, Idaho, Colorado, and Wyoming, where Japanese-Americans were forced to carry on their lives under harsh conditions.
	www.lib.utah.edu /spc/photo/9066/9066.htm (261 words)

	World War Two - Japanese internment camps in the US
		Under the terms of the Order, some 120,000 people of Japanese descent living in the US were removed from their homes and placed in internment camps.
		Some saw the camps as concentration camps and a violation of the writ of Habeas Corpus, others though, saw internment as a necessary result of Pearl Harbor.
		At the end of the war some remained in the US and rebuilt their lives, others though were unforgiving and returned to Japan.
	www.historyonthenet.com /WW2/japan_internment_camps.htm (637 words)

	Japanese American internment - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Some present-day supporters of the internment have argued that some Japanese Americans were indeed disloyal, as seen by the approximately 20,000 Japanese Americans in Japan at the start of the war who joined the Japanese war effort, hundreds joining the Japanese Army.
		The psychological injury of the internment was noted by Dillon S. Myer, director of the WRA camps.
		However, McCloy's comments must be read in light of his having played a key role in the internment, and his association of 120,000 men, women and children with the actions of a foreign government on the basis of their race is evidence of personal bias continuing into his later years.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Japanese_American_Internment (7095 words)

	Organic Law on the Internment Tribunal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Being an Organic Law to implement Section 245(1)(e) (internment) of the Constitution by providing for the establishment of an independent and impartial Tribunal to review the cases of internees (other than enemy aliens), and for related purposes.
		"Internment Act" means an Act of the Parliament passed in accordance with Section 244 (laws providing for internment) of the Constitution;
		The functions of the Tribunal are as specified in Section 245 (internment) of the Constitution.
	www.worldlii.org /pg/legis/consol_act/olotit361 (1214 words)

	John McGuffin (1973): Internment
		It is the story of internment; of the thousands of men and women who have been subjected to it; of the conditions, the brutality the escapes and the politics of it all.
		The author shows how internment has been used as a political weapon, how it has succeeded in the past and how in the long run it has been a majot factor in the downfall of Stormont, the parliament of Northern Ireland.
		But most of all this is the story of the internees, working-class men and women who have suffered and, in some cases, died for their beliefs.
	www.irishresistancebooks.com /internment/internment.htm (809 words)

	PBS \| The Fillmore: Japanese American Internment Lesson Plan
		Find a map of internment camps in the US and identify the number of Japanese Americans imprisoned.Students could create a map of internment camps locations.
		In groups of 3, role play 3 generations of a Japanese American family: (1) a grandparent who lived in an internment camp as a young adult, (2) a parent who lived there as a child, and (3) a grandchild who was born after 1970.
		Assess students' understanding of historical events, the human consequences of internment, the logic of arguments, and the appropriateness of citations from the Constitution to substantiate their points.
	www.pbs.org /kqed/fillmore/classroom/internment.html (1088 words)

	BBC ON THIS DAY \| 9 \| 1971: NI activates internment law
		The decision to bring back the internment law for the first time in 10 years, under the Civil Authorities (Special Powers) Act, was made last week following consultation with British prime minister, Ted Heath, but an announcement was delayed to enable the Army to make the arrests.
		The power of internment was reactivated during the Northern Ireland troubles of 1956-61.
		During that time nearly 200 known or suspected members of the IRA were detained without trial in special internment camps for an average of two years.
	news.bbc.co.uk /onthisday/hi/dates/stories/august/9/newsid_4071000/4071849.stm (862 words)

	Internment of Ukrainians in Canada 1914-1920
		This resulted in the internment of 8,579 "enemy aliens" of which over 5,000 were Ukrainians who had emigrated to Canada from territories under the control of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
		This infrastructure development program benefited Canadian corporations to such a degree that the internment was carried on for two years after the end of World War I. To this date it has not been determined what was the driving force for the Internment.
		This act was used as the basis of the internment of the Japanese Canadians in 1941 and the French-Canadians (or Quebecois) in 1970.
	ukrhistory.tripod.com /index-10.htm (697 words)

	CAIN: Events: Internment: John McGuffin (1973) Internment
		By then Faulkner had been an advocate of internment inside Chichester Clark's Joint Security Committee, for six months." Whether this is true or not, and on balance it seems a reasonable statement, it is certain that Faulkner had completely failed to learn the lesson of how and when internment 'worked'.
		He had been Minister for Home Affairs in 1959 under Brookeborough, and, with the help of his trusty aide, the civil servant William Stout, he bad been responsible for the implementation of internment, which he apparently felt to be responsible for the defeat of the IRA border campaign.
		John Curry, Billy O'Neill and Sean Keenan were paroled during internment, due to the tragic deaths of their children who fought the British army while their fathers were incarcerated (O'Neill, who was released in April, also had his house blown up).
	cain.ulst.ac.uk /events/intern/docs/jmcg73.htm (13126 words)

	Internment - DiscoverNikkei.org
		Includes as Section III "The Japanese Peruvian Internment: A Case Study", a richly documented analysis of the kidnapping and incarceration of over 2,200 Japanese Peruvians during World War II.
		Materials primarily on Japanese-Peruvian internment in the United States during World War II, collected by Yukio Mochizuki while an undergraduate at CSU Dominguez Hills in the late 1970's.
		Nearly 60 years ago, entire families of Japanese-descended Latin Americans were taken from their homes and, under the guise of protecting "national security interests," shipped to internment camps in the United States.
	www.discovernikkei.org /wiki/Internment (1619 words)

	Chronology of the Japanese American Internment
		August 27 The Granada Internment camp near La Mar, Colorado was opened with the arrival of a group from Merced temporary detention center.
		October 6 The Jerome internment camp near Dermont, Arkansas--the last of the 10 centers--received a group of internees from the Fresno Temporary detention center.
		December 18 The WRA announced that all internment camps would be closed before the end of 1945 and the entire WRA program would be liquidated on June 30, 1946.
	www.momomedia.com /CLPEF/chrono.html (1586 words)

	Internment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Although no such act was ever committed by a Japanese American, some 120,000 people of Japanese ancestry living in the Western United States were removed from their homes and made to live in internment camps.
		Among the internees were animators from the Walt Disney Studios, who taught art in the grandstands of the race track.
		In September, the Asawa family was sent by train to an internment camp in Rohwer, Arkansas, where Ruth continued to spend most of her free time painting and drawing.
	www.ruthasawa.com /Pages/Internment.htm (418 words)

	Japan Digest \| Teaching about Japanese-American Internment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		This served as the legal basis for the evacuation and internment of over 110,000 Japanese immigrants and Japanese Americans from the West Coast.
		The result was a complex mixture of motives that impelled the U.S. government to forcibly intern over 110,000 people of Japanese descent from the West Coast, two-thirds of whom were U.S. citizens, into concentration camps located in isolated regions of the United States.
		In February 1943, after the internment of Japanese Americans from the West Coast had been completed, the War Department and the War Relocation Authority required all internees 17 years of age and older to answer a questionnaire.
	www.indiana.edu /~japan/Digests/internment.html (1289 words)

	Sample Chapter for Hayashi, B.: Democratizing the Enemy: The Japanese American Internment.
		Once the WRA dropped mass detention in favor of individual internment in January 1945, Japanese Americans left the camps to resume their lives, and partially recovered their losses through the 1948 Evacuation Claims Act, a presidential apology in 1976, and another redress payment through the Civil Liberties Act in 1988.
		Much of their disagreement is rooted in differing conceptions of the relationship over time between "race," on one hand, and "culture" and political "loyalty," on the other, and not about the relative weight of domestic and foreign factors for its causes and consequences.
		They do not justify internment of Japanese Americans despite the obvious presence of Japanese nationalistic sentiments before and during the camps, since people cannot and should not be locked up on the basis of political sentiment but rather on the basis of acts committed.
	www.pupress.princeton.edu /chapters/i7740.html (3753 words)

	Amazon.com: In Defense of Internment: The Case for 'Racial Profiling' in World War II and the War on Terror: Books: ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		This diligently documented book shows that neither the internment of ethnic Japanese--not to mention ethnic Germans and Italians--nor the relocation and evacuation of Japanese Americans from the West Coast were the result of war hysteria or race prejudice as historians have taught us.
		In Defense of Internment shows that the detention of enemy aliens, and the mass evacuation and relocation of ethnic Japanese from the West Coast were not the result of irrational hatred or conspiratorial bigotry.
		Internment of ethnic Japanese and others during World War Two was a result of reasonable fears.
	www.amazon.com /Defense-Internment-Racial-Profiling-Terror/dp/0895260514 (2814 words)

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