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Topic: Intravenous therapy

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Intravenous

PICC line

Fluid replacement

Infusion pump

Body fluid

Saline (medicine)

Hickman line

Catheter

Hypodermic needle

Route of administration

Bloodtype

Normal saline

Blood transfusion

Lethal injection

Needle

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	Intravenous Rehydration Information on Healthline
		Intravenous (IV) rehydration is a treatment for fluid loss in which a sterile water solution containing small amounts of salt or sugar is injected into the patient's bloodstream.
		The intravenous solutions are prepared under the supervision of a pharmacist using sanitary techniques that prevent bacterial contamination.
		Intravenous rehydration is typically prescribed by a doctor and administered by a nurse, physician's assistant, or home health care aide.
	www.healthline.com /galecontent/intravenous-rehydration-1 (764 words)

	Intravenous therapy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Intravenous therapy or IV therapy is the administration of liquid substances directly into a vein.
		This is the most common method of intravenous drug use for euphoriants such as heroin, or in any case where a person must self-administer intravenous medication at home.
		PICC lines are used when intravenous access is required over a prolonged period of time, as in the case of long chemotherapy regimens, extended antibiotic therapy, or total parenteral nutrition.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Intravenous_therapy (2431 words)

	eMedicine - Intravenous-to-Oral Switch Therapy : Article by Noah S Scheinfeld, MD, JD, FAAD
		The macrolide azithromycin appears to be superior to the cephalosporin cefuroxime in intravenous therapy and a subsequent switch to oral therapy.
		The efficacy and safety of intravenous ertapenem (1 g/d) with the option to switch to an oral agent for treatment of adults with complicated urinary tract infections were compared with those of intravenous ceftriaxone (1 g/d) with the same oral switch option in a multicenter, double-blinded, prospective randomized study (Tomera, 2002).
		Carcao and associates concluded that the sequential use of intravenous acyclovir followed by oral acyclovir is feasible in the treatment of varicella infection in immunocompromised children and results in a reduced duration of intravenous therapy and hospitalization.
	www.emedicine.com /med/topic3549.htm (8128 words)

	Intravenous Immunoglobulin is Preferred Therapy for Guillain-Barre Syndrome
		Intravenous immunoglobulin (0.4 g/kg daily for 5 days) is equivalent to plasma exchange (five 50 ml/kg exchanges over 8-13 days) for treatment of Guillain-Barre syndrome in adults.
		Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy is thought to exert a beneficial effect by the anti-idiotypic suppression of autoantibodies.
		Intravenous immunoglobulin as therapy for pediatric Guillain-Barre syndrome.
	www.med.umich.edu /pediatrics/ebm/cats/gbs.htm (514 words)

	Intravenous therapy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		It can use the same techniques as an intravenous drip (pump or gravity drip), but after the complete dose of medication has been given, the tubing is disconnected from the IV access device.
		Intravenous therapy has many risks and should therefore only be performed by trained personnel under medical supervision, using proper equipment.
		The few cases that are known to have stopped the heart occurred not by clinical intravenous therapy, but by self-adminstration of vaginal powders using air-bulb insufflators, when the vagina had severe bleeding.
	www.mrsci.com /Medical-Treatments/Intravenous_therapy.php (2181 words)

	Intravenous Therapy
		I employ IV therapy when the patient requires urgent vitamin supplementation or when the patient is unable to assimilate nutraceuticals via the usual route.
		Chelation therapy is an IV treatment that has positive impact on reversing the trends of the toxic state due to heavy metals.
		The intravenous delivery of five gram doses of Vitamin C (an unacceptable oral dose due to the diarrhea it would cause) makes a powerful impact on the progress of the illness and directly improves health via antioxidant effects on viral illnesses.
	www.drbrandeis.net /iv.htm (285 words)

	Successful Intravenous Immunoglobulin Therapy in 3 Cases of Parvovirus B19-Associated Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy has been shown to be effective for parvovirus B19associated pure RBC aplasia in immunosuppressed persons [11] and also for several cases of other clinical manifestations in association with persistent parvovirus B19 infection, including 1 case of parvovirus B19-associated CFS [12].
		In January 2001, the patient was admitted to hospital for IVIG therapy (Sandoglobulin; Novartis Pharmaceuticals) at a dosage of 400 mg/kg per day for 5 days, after which her symptoms resolved during the next 2 weeks, with a more gradual improvement during the next 2 months.
		Intravenous immunoglobulin is ineffective in the treatment of patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.
	www.immunesupport.com /library/showarticle.cfm/ID/4809/e/1/T/CFIDS_FM (3451 words)

	Intravenous Immunoglobulin: Use in Dermatology
		Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is currently used in the treatment of primary and secondary immunodeficiency diseases, autoimmune disorders and certain infectious states.
		Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy in the treatment of patients with pemphigus vulgaris unresponsive to conventional immunosuppressive treatment.
		Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy for ocular cicatricial pemphigoid: a preliminary study.
	www.skintherapyletter.com /2004/9.5/1.html (2560 words)

	Postgraduate Medicine: Antimicrobial Therapy Symposium: Intravenous-to-oral antibiotic switch therapy
		Initiation of intravenous antibiotic therapy when patients are admitted to the hospital assures maximal care for those with serious infection.
		Intravenous therapy is necessary only if the patient is unable to tolerate oral administration of the drugs, not because of the inherent nature of the infectious disease being treated (6-8).
		For example, if intravenous ampicillin is being used, oral ampicillin would not be appropriate in a switch program because it does not give anything close to the blood and tissue levels achieved by intravenous administration.
	www.postgradmed.com /issues/1997/04_97/cunha_2.htm (2935 words)

	Acute Stroke Therapy With Intravenous Tissue Plasminogen Activator
		Intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator in acute carotid territory stroke.
		Intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator for acute hemispheric stroke.
		Intravenous rtPA therapy for stroke in clinical practice: a multicenter evaluation of outcome.
	www.dcmsonline.org /jax-medicine/1998journals/november98/tpa.htm (2244 words)

	Chelation therapy. Intravenous chelation therapy. Chelation!
		Chelation therapy is a safe and effective method for drawing toxins and metabolic wastes from the bloodstream.
		Chelation therapy can help reverse atherosclerosis, can prevent heart attacks and strokes, and is used as an alternative to bypass surgery and angioplasty.
		Due to its ability to remove toxic metal ions, chelation therapy reduces internal inflammation caused by free radicals (highly reactive destructive molecules), and as a result can ease the discomfort t and disability from degenerative disease such as arthritis, scleroderma (a hardening that occurs in skin and certain organs), and lupus.
	www.lanceswrightmd.com /practices/chelationtherapy.htm (573 words)

	Intravenous Therapies - Fox Valley Wellness Center
		Increasing numbers of physicians are utilizing Intravenous (IV) Therapy as a part of their approach to helping patients restore or maintain their health.
		The rationale for using IV therapy is related to the limitation of the gastrointestinal system in the absorption of therapeutic levels of various micronutrients.
		Our staff is trained to use the most advanced technology in intravenous therapy that is used through out the country.
	www.foxvalleywellness.com /pages/ivtherapies.cfm (324 words)

	Chronic Intermittent Intravenous Insulin Therapy (CIIIT)
		Chronic intermittent intravenous insulin therapy (CIIIT), also referred as pulsatile IV insulin therapy (PIVIT), hepatic activation or metabolic activation, involves delivering insulin intravenously over a 6- to 7-hour period, in a pulsatile fashion using a specialized pump* controlled by a computerized program that adjusts the dosages based on frequent blood glucose monitoring.
		Although the exact physiologic mechanism is unclear, Aoki, one of the principal investigators of the technique, proposes that in diabetics, lower levels of insulin in the portal vein are associated with a decreased concentration of the liver enzymes required for hepatic metabolism of glucose.
		Effects of pulsatile intravenous insulin therapy on the progression of diabetic nephropathy.
	www.regence.com /trgmedpol/medicine/med96.html (1301 words)

	NYS Nursing - IV Therapy by LPNs in Acute Care Settings
		The role of the LPN in providing intravenous therapy is determined by a number of factors including the complexity of the procedure, the degree of direction, the setting, as well as the skill and competence of the licensee.
		In the opinion of the State Board for Nursing, the practice of intravenous therapy by LPNs in acute care settings requires RN supervision, that is, the RN responsible for the LPN must be assigned to the patient care unit at all times when intravenous therapy is being provided by the LPN.
		The provision of IV therapy by an LPN must be under the direct supervision of an RN who is assigned to the patient care unit at all times that the LPN is providing IV therapy.
	www.op.nysed.gov /nurse-lpn-iv-acutecare.htm (983 words)

	MoonDragon's Health & Wellness: Chelation Therapy
		Chelating agents used in this therapy are available in over-the-counter formulas that can be taken orally at home, and in intravenous solutions that must be administered under the supervision of a health care provider.
		Chelation therapy is also used in the treatment of atherosclerosis and other circulatory disorders, as well as in the treatment of gangrene, which often is the result of poor circulation.
		Intravenous chelation therapy is often used to remove calcified, hardened plaque from the arterial walls, improving circulation.
	www.moondragon.org /health/therapy/chelationtherapy.html (1330 words)

	eMedicine - Intravenous-to-Oral Switch Therapy : Article Excerpt by: Noah S Scheinfeld, MD, JD, FAAD
		While intravenous medications may be more bioavailable and have greater effects, some oral drugs produce serum levels comparable to the parenteral form.
		Sequential antibiotic therapy ensures an early switch to the oral route when a patient is clinically stable.
		In the late 1990s, ofloxacin was also used for switch therapy, but its role is unclear in switch therapy because it is a twice-a-day medication, whereas levofloxacin and gatifloxacin are once-a-day medications.
	www.emedicine.com /med/byname/intravenous-to-oral-switch-therapy.htm (600 words)

	Wikinfo \| Intravenous therapy
		Usually it is necessary to use a tourniquet first to make the vein bulge; once the needle is in place, it is common to draw back slightly on the syringe to see a blood return, thus verifying that the needle is really in a vein; then the tourniquet is removed before injecting.
		This is the most common method of intravenous drug use for illegal substances such as heroin, or in any case where a person must self-administer intravenous medication at home.
		Images, some of which are used under the doctrine of Fair use or used with permission, may not be available.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Intravenous (1995 words)

	Intravenous therapy -- Waitt et al. 80 (939): 1 -- Postgraduate Medical Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Oral versus intravenous empirical antimicrobial therapy for fever in patients with granulocytopenia who are receiving cancer chemotherapy.
		Complications of intravenous therapy with steel needles and Teflon catheters.
		Effect of transdermal glyceryl trinitrate on the survival of peripheral intravenous infusions: a double blind, prospective clinical study.
	pmj.bmj.com /cgi/content/full/80/939/1 (4076 words)

	Home intravenous antibiotic therapy
		Many children and adults previously requiring hospital admission for intravenous antibiotics are now receiving this treatment at home and the facility is generally popular with families.
		During the first week of treatment the patient is taught the practicalities of iv therapy by both the nurse specialist and the ward nursing staff.
		In the second week the patient is discharged to continue their therapy at home supported by the nurse specialist.
	www.cysticfibrosismedicine.com /htmldocs/CFText/homeiv.htm (983 words)

	Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy of antiphospholipid syndrome -- Sherer et al. 39 (4): 421 -- Rheumatology
		The use of intravenous gammaglobulin, heparin and aspirin in the maintenance of pregnancy of freeze thawed embryo in a patient with lupus-type anticoagulant.
		Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy for the antiphospholipid syndrome in pregnancy.
		Intravenous immunoglobulin infusion therapy in women with recurrent spontaneous abortions of immune etiologies.
	rheumatology.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/39/4/421 (3404 words)

	Chronic Intermittent Intravenous Insulin Therapy (CIIIT)
		Insulin therapy, chronic intermittent intravenous insulin therapy, hepatic activation, pulsatile IV insulin therapy.
		Chronic intermittent intravenous insulin therapy (CIIIT), also referred as pulsatile IV insulin therapy (PIVIT), hepatic activation or metabolic activation,m involves delivering insulin intravenously over a 6 to 7 hour period, in a pulsatile fashion, using a specialized pump controlled by a computerized program that adjusts the dosages based on frequent blood glucose monitoring.
		Chronic intermittent intravenous insulin therapy (CIIIT), also referred to as pulsatile IV insulin therapy (PIVIT), hepatic activation or metabolic activation, involves delivering insulin intravenously over a 6 to 7 hour period, in a pulsatile fashion, using a specialized pump controlled by a computerized program that adjusts the dosages based on frequent blood glucose monitoring.
	www.wellmark.com /e_business/provider/medical_policies/policies/CIIIT.htm (587 words)

	Intravenous Therapy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Though the physician most frequently prescribes the intravenous fluid, it is largely the professional nurse who is responsible for implementing intravenous therapy.
		Intravenous therapy is prescribed to persons requiring electrolyte replacement, fluid, calories, vitamins, or other nutritional substances.
		This course skims the surface on the complexities of intravenous therapy.
	www.nursewise.com /courses/iv_hour.htm (4252 words)

	Intravenous Therapy - Westhampton Natural Medicine
		Intravenous (I.V.) therapy bypasses the stomach and intestines which frequently do not allow orally consumed nutrients to be properly absorbed.
		The administration of nutrients directly into the bloodstream allows for rapid uptake of nutrients into your body allowing the cells to more efficiently detoxify and regenerate all of the tissues, organs and glands of your body.
		Intravenous therapy is used extensively in hospitals because it works better and faster than oral medication.
	www.azhealthdoctors.com /Intravenous_Therapy.php (167 words)

	Intravenous Immune Globulin Therapy for Neurologic Diseases -- Dalakas 126 (9): 721 -- Annals of Internal Medicine
		High-dose intravenous gammaglobulin for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in childhood.
		Intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in patients with motor neuron syndromes associated with anti-GM1 antibodies: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
		Reversal of lymphocyte activation in vivo in the Kawasaki syndrome by intravenous gammaglobulin.
	www.annals.org /cgi/content/full/126/9/721 (6459 words)

	Baxter and Jerini Advance Program to Develop Non-Intravenous Hemophilia Therapy
		Because blood-clotting proteins are large, relatively unstable molecules, current hemophilia therapies can only be administered intravenously, which is an invasive and technically demanding procedure.
		It is presently not possible to administer these molecules by non-intravenous routes because of poor distribution or rapid inactivation of the molecule in the body.
		Baxter is a global leader in hemophilia therapy, with innovations that span 40 years.
	www.baxter.com /about_baxter/news_room/news_releases/2006/05-18-06-non-intravenous_therapy.html (671 words)

	Intravenous Therapy
		PICC Lines are a very special type of intravenous catheter and a chest X-ray is usually done to confirm that the catheter is in the correct location.
		In managing the care of all patients, intravenous therapy is a major treatment modality.
		There are various methods of maintaining the patency of the intravenous access site and it is important to understand these various processes and the benefits and risks associated with them.
	www.hrmedical.com /?a=resources&id=3 (1076 words)

	The MSDS HyperGlossary: Intravenous
		Intravenous administration of medicines or withdrawal of a blood sample is usually done with a syringe tipped with a small hollow needle.
		Solutions that are administered intravenously must have their electrolytes properly adjusted to avoid damaging the blood cells and/or causing serious bodily damage or death.
		Intravenous Therapy by Steve Martin at Nova Southeastern U has some great diagrams and information about IV's (PDF file).
	www.ilpi.com /msds/ref/intravenous.html (286 words)

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