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Topic: Invasive exotics

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	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Invasive exotic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		An invasive species, also called an invasive exotic, is an organism that is intentionally or accidentally introduced to an area where it is not native, and where it successfully invades and disturbs natural ecosystems, displacing native species[?].
		Invasive Exotic Animals One of the most egregious examples of introducing an invasive exotic animal was perpetrated by one Eugene Scheiffer, a Shakespeare fan, who deliberately released eighty starlings into Central Park in New York City in 1890, and another forty in 1891.
		Invasive Exotic Diseases History is rife with the spread of invasive exotic diseases, such as the introduction of smallpox into the Americas, where it obliterated entire Native American civilizations before they were ever even seen by the Europeans.
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/in/Invasive_exotic (413 words)

	Region six-Invasive Plant EIS-FAQ
		Invasive species are distinguished from other unwanted plants by their ability to spread (invade) into native ecosystems. Invasive species are typically non-native, however, not all non-native species are invasive.
		For the purposes of this EIS an invasive plant is defined as “a non-native plant whose introduction does, or is likely to, cause economic or environmental harm or harm to human health”. Non-native means, with respect to a particular ecosystem, any species that is not native to that ecosystem.
		Invasive plants can displace the native plants that provide food and shelter for wildlife. Their presence also reduces the quantity and quality of forage available for both big game and domestic livestock. Some invasive plants are poisonous or can cause injury to wildlife and livestock.
	www.fs.fed.us /r6/invasiveplant-eis/faq (1693 words)

	Invasive species - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Although an invasive species is often defined as an introduced species that has become a pest, some species native to a particular area can, under the influence of natural events such as longterm rainfall changes or human modifications to the habitat, increase in numbers and become invasive pests.
		The Pied Currawong of south-east Australia is an example: as a result of human changes to the landscape, Pied Currawongs increased greatly in range during the 20th century and have caused substantial declines in the populations of the smaller birds whose nestlings they prey on.
		Whether noticed increases in population numbers is sufficient reason to regard a native species as "invasive" requires a broad definition of the term—but it seems reasonable to consider that some native species in disrupted ecosystems can become "pests" and in that sense, invasive.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Invasive_species (864 words)

	Invasive Plant EIS- USDA Forest Service
		The terms alien, invasive, exotic and weed are often used inter-changeably to describe unwanted plant species.
		Invasive species are distinguished from other unwanted plants by their ability to spread (invade) into native ecosystems.
		For the purposes of this EIS an invasive plant is defined as “a non-native plant whose introduction does, or is likely to, cause economic or environmental harm or harm to human health”.
	www.fs.fed.us /r6/invasiveplant-eis/faq.htm (1958 words)

	Invasive Exotics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		An “exotic” plant is one not native to the Keys but rather was introduced either by accident or intentionally by humans.
		The exotic species becomes “invasive” when it is capable of outcompeting native plants for the same food and habitat.
		Category One: Invasive Exotics that are altering Florida Keys native plant communities by displacing native species, changing community structures or ecological functions or hybridizing with natives.
	monroe.ifas.ufl.edu /jan03_invasive_exotics.htm (854 words)

	The Governor's Commission - Report (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Florida is particularly vulnerable to exotic invasion because of its subtropical climate, the disturbance of large parts of its landscape, and its geographic form.
		The competitive advantage held by these exotics is usually the result of their location in hospitable environments where the normal natural controls of disease and natural enemies are missing.
		Mitigation required for impacts to wetlands infested with melaleuca and other invasive exotic pest plants should be commensurate with the remaining value of the wetland, but mitigation should not be reduced to such an extent that a disincentive for the removal of invasive exotic plant species from private lands is created.
	www.myflorida.com /everglades/gcssf/initial/2c.html (1837 words)

	Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge -
		This crew performs treatments of ‘outlier' populations, single or clusters of trees, ensures burn units are ‘exotics free' prior to implementing prescribed burns, and performs treatments of exotic plants in public use areas.
		Funding in 2003 will be directed towards clearing another 9,000 acres of invasive exotics, and a special Congressional appropriation of $4 million in 2004, will permit treatment of all exotics, primarily melaleuca and Old World climbing fern, on an additional 25,000 to 35,000 acres within the marsh interior.
		The Refuge's short-term goal is to eradicate all invasive exotics on the southern half of the Refuge interior.
	www.fws.gov /loxahatchee/Biology/exotics-part-3.asp (694 words)

	Indiana Dunes - Exotics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The problem with the exotics is that they are taking over the habitats and environment of the natural organisms.
		The exotic animals eat the food of the natural animals, leaving no food for the natural animals to eat.
		Invasive animals are a problem because they take over the natural habitats of the native animals, leaving them no place to live.
	library.thinkquest.org /C006838/exotics.html (474 words)

	Invasive Species: Economic Impacts
		Invasive species impact nearly half of the species currently listed as Threatened or Endangered under the U.S. Federal Endangered Species Act.
		One invasive plant, purple loosestrife, can produce up to 2.7 million seeds per plant yearly and spreads across approximately 1 million additional acres of wetlands each year, with an economic impact of millions of dollars.
		The glassy-winged sharpshooter, an invasive insect recently detected in California, carries with it the plant bacterium Xylella fastidiosa, a disease that has caused nearly $40 million in losses of California grapes.
	www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov /economic/main.shtml (329 words)

	Juniata College- Invasive Exotics- Background (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		An invasive exotic species is not native to a particular region and causes harm to some aspect of the pre-existing ecosystem.
		Invasive exotics can be detrimental to the health of an ecosystem and can lead to a decrease in biodiversity.
		Invasive exotics are a big part of the loss of biodiversity and efforts to decrease the amount of invasive species would lead to a more stable, healthy, and beneficial ecosystem.
	projects.juniata.edu /ess300/Invasives/background.html (298 words)

	Assessment of Invasive Plants in Florida
		NEWTT is the first agency level organization to bring agencies that have principal roles for invasive species in research, management, education, restoration, regulation and policy development together for the purpose of coordinating exotic invasive plant issues and developing an assessment and strategic plan.
		Control activities and planning for exotic invasive plant management however is much farther advanced, and with the completion of this strategic plan and assessment there will be enough information in place to hopefully provide the impetus to implement a comprehensive and long-term program for managing invasive plants.
		Without considering previously unknown introductions of possibly invasive plants—and a risk assessment of their potential for invasiveness and a means of preventing such species from being introduced—any programmatic strategy for managing invasive plants will be continually assaulted with new invasive species because of the virtually unlimited nature of new introductions and reintroduction’s of weedy species.
	www.sfrestore.org /crogee/ra18/chapter1.html (4514 words)

	Invasive Exotics - 05/1996
		The downside is that the abundant moisture also contributes to vigorous growth of invasive exotics.
		Invasive exotics are plants not indigenous (not native) to Edgewood and are aggressively spreading into natural habitat.
		The Invasive Weed Eradication Group will be patrolling trails to eradicate colonies in May. The key to limiting its spread is to prevent seed development.
	www.friendsofedgewood.org /newsletters/1996/9605/invasive.htm (573 words)

	NSiS: Florida Native Plants - Invasive
		Invasive plants are those that multiply rapidly and overwhelm an area.
		They're entomologists at the Invasive Plant Research Laboratory in Fort Lauderdale who are looking for a way to control skunk vine.
		The Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council site has a listing of invasive plants and information about their control.
	www.nsis.org /garden/garden-native-invasive.html (595 words)

	Working Together To Control Invasive, Exotic Species (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Exotic species are plants, animals and insects that are not native to the area.
		Invasive exotic species are aggressive invaders that tend to crowd out and take over habitat from the native inhabitants.
		Exotic insects that pose a threat to Grandfather include the Southern Pine Beetle, the Balsam Woolly adelgid and the Hemlock Woolly adelgid.
	www.grandfather.com /conservation/invasive.htm (637 words)

	Biodiversity Partnership - Invasive Species (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Most introduced species confront the same kinds of biological and physical limitations in their new habitats, but those that have invasive tendencies and are not too limited by natural controls can spread rapidly, with dramatic, adverse ecological and economic impacts.
		Exotic species have been implicated in the decline of 42 percent of the species listed for protection under the federal Endangered Species Act (The Nature Conservancy 1996).
		Abstract: Invasive alien species have long been recognized as a leading threat to biological diversity, contributing to the decline of nearly half of the imperiled species in the United States for which threat information is available.
	www.biodiversitypartners.org /invasive/index.shtml (912 words)

	Montshire Museum: More about Invasive Exotics
		We're talking about "exotic invasive" plants and some of the names on the list might surprise you.
		Exotic invasives crowd out native plants, and scientists are worried that decline in the health of native species may lead to less biodiversity.
		One reason for the success of these "exotic invasives:" they left their natural predator back in their country of origin.
	www.valley.net /~mms/minute/mm000828.html (701 words)

	Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council
		The mission of the Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council is to support the management of invasive exotic plants in Florida's natural areas by providing a forum for the exchange of scientific, educational and technical information.
		FLEPPC goals are to build public awareness about the serious threat invasive plants pose to native ecosystems, to help secure funding and support for control and management of exotic pest plants, and to develop integrated management and control methods to prevent the spread of exotic pest plants throughout Florida.
		Invasive exotics or exotic pest plants don't have the natural enemies here that controlled their growth in their home range.
	www.fleppc.org (468 words)

	CNPS Policy on Invasive Exotic Plants
		The most aggressive exotic plants are unacceptable in natural areas because they can exclude native plants, degrade, alter or displace natural plant communities, promote faunal change, reduce biological diversity, disrupt ecosystem processes, alter fire frequencies, restrict economic return, reduce recreational values, threaten endangered species and fundamentally alter the unique character and physiognomy of California.
		Control of exotic plants is expensive and control expenses continue to escalate as the problem grows.
		Fire frequencies may be altered by exotic plants, reducing the ability of native plants to prosper and effecting conversion of vegetation type (e.g., from native chaparral to non-native grassland).
	www.cnps.org /archives/exotics.htm (1700 words)

	The Reston Association - Invasive Exotic Plants
		Invasive Exotic plants are non-native plants, usually from Europe or Asia, that are capable of spreading far from their original planting sight and overwhelming other plants.
		Invasive exotics like Multiflora Rose, Autumn Olive, Bamboo and Norway Maple, can virtually take over a small woodland pushing out native wildflowers, ferns, shrubs, and young trees.
		Invasive exotic vines such as English Ivy, Kudzu, Japanese Honeysuckle and Chinese Wisteria are also a problem, choking out the trees they climb and serving as egg-laying sites for gypsy moths.
	www.reston.org /parks_rec/p_invasive_exotic.html (380 words)

	Invasive Species
		The topic is Exotic Invasive Species - and we all need to be able to identify them and slow or stop their spread.
		However, there are numerous exotic species of plants and animals that are harmful (invasive), which will be the focus of my discussion.
		This is why we need to be able to distinguish native species from exotic species, determine if an exotic is helpful or harmful, understand how each exotic spreads, and be informed on how we can prevent the spread of invasive exotics as well as to educate others on the subject.
	www.student.carleton.edu /~johnscar/jedinvasive.htm (698 words)

	Russell Hunt
		An exotic or alien species is one that is introduced to one region from another geographical region (Spellerberg and Sawyer, 1999).
		Exotic species are invasive to the areas where they multiply rapidly because they do not have natural predators like their native counterparts.
		The only other exotic invasive species found was wild taro, which was only near the shoreline of Transect 5 and was represented by 25 individuals (Fig 6).
	www.usouthal.edu /geography/fearn/480page/03Hunt/03Hunt.htm (2107 words)

	Audubon At Home
		Invasive plants are typically defined as non-native species that compete vigorously with other species for space and resources, and consequently spread rapidly and take over habitat.
		Non-natives are also known as “non-indigenous,” “introduced,” “exotic,” or “alien,” and are species that are not naturally occurring in a particular ecosystem.
		Invasive species of all types, not just plants, are estimated to cost $137 billion annually in losses to agriculture, forestry, fisheries, and the maintenance of open waterways in the United States.
	www.audubon.org /bird/at_home/InvasivePests.html (596 words)

	Invasives
		An invasive species that colonizes a new area may gain an ecological edge since the insects, diseases, and foraging animals that naturally keep its growth in check in its native range are not present in its new habitat.
		Many invasive plants continue to be admired by gardeners who may not be aware of their weedy nature.
		In other cases, invasive plants are selected for their horticultural attributes.
	www.usna.usda.gov /Gardens/invasives.html (1278 words)

	City of Coral Springs, Florida
		An exotic plant is defined as a plant species that is not native to an area in which it is growing.
		When an exotic plant exhibits "aggressive" and "competitive" behavior that disturbs the species composition of an ecosystem by crowding out and replacing native species it becomes a problem.
		The effect of exotics on an ecosystem is not limited to plants but rather trickles down the food chain.
	www.coralsprings.org /environment/exotics.cfm (387 words)

	NSF Research in Ecology: Invasive Exotics
		Invasive exotic plants are a threat to the diversity of plants and animals of natural areas.
		An invasive exotic species is a species that is not native to the area that it is growing in now and is starting to take over that area by reproducing in great numbers.
		It is invasive in Hawaii and hammocks in Mimai Dade County.
	www.bio.miami.edu /ys99/gladres.html (1279 words)

	North Carolina Botanical Garden / Conservation / Exotic Plant Policy and Procedures
		Invasive exotic plant species have negatively affected the natural function of ecosystems, agriculture and human health world-wide.
		Invasive exotics, as aforementioned, threaten native plants because they can survive and reproduce without human intervention, and have become naturalized.
		Our policy, therefore, regarding known invasive exotics is that we shall remove invasive exotic species from existing collections and prevent accession of any exotic plant known to be invasive.
	ncbg.unc.edu /pages/72 (1280 words)

	Program (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The deliberate introductions of certain notorious invasive exotics to the southeastern United States, such as kudzu (Pueraria montana), Chinese privet (Ligustrum sinense), bamboo grass (Microstegium vimineum), and Japanese honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica), continue to be disruptive; these species have naturalized to the extent that they are now inextricable from the local landscape.
		Despite the acute awareness of the negative ecological consequences of invasive exotics, many botanical gardens and arboreta continue to be a source of potentially invasive exotic plant material.
		For exotic plant accessions, where limited or incomplete information is available regarding invasiveness, we will use screening devices to identify the potential for invasiveness with a risk assessment scheme based on species' life history traits (currently in progress).
	www.ncbg.unc.edu /exotic-plant-policy.htm (881 words)

	Invasive Exotics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		An invasive exotic plant is a non-indigenous plant whose growth and spread is so rapid and aggressive that it threatens to overwhelm native plant communities and natural ecosystems.
		Not all exotic plants are invasive, and many are beneficial (corn, wheat, and oats are not native to North America).
		Invasive exotic plants have already infested over 100 million acres in North America and are invading an additional 4,600 acres each day.
	www.gwf.org /invasives.htm (2661 words)

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