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Topic: Invasive species

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	Invasive species - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A species is regarded as invasive if it has been introduced by human action to a location, area, or region where it did not previously occur naturally (i.e., is not native), becomes capable of establishing a breeding population in the new location without further intervention by humans, and spreads widely throughout the new location.
		Invasive plants can arise from human clearing (such as slash-and-burn) or cattle grazing actions, such that the altered land is more hospitable to the invasive species than the original plant palette.
		Invasive species that are closely related with rare native species have the potential to hybridize with native species.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Invasive_species (7153 words)

	Oregon Invasive Species Council Frequently Asked Questions
		An invasive species is a non-native species whose introduction does, or is likely to, cause economic or environmental harm or harm to human health.
		Invasive species have contributed to the decline of 46 percent of the country's threatened and endangered native species.
		Invasive species consume resources upon which native species depend, destroy crops and sensitive habitat, and alter the food chain in an ecosystem by becoming the dominant predator.
	www.oregon.gov /OISC/faqs.shtml (701 words)

	Invasive Species \| US EPA
		Invasive species means an alien species whose introduction does or is likely to cause economic or environmental harm or harm to human health.
		Invasive species are one of the largest threats to our terrestrial, coastal and freshwater ecosystems, as well as being a major global concern.
		Invasive species represent the second leading cause of species extinction and loss of biodiversity in aquatic environments worldwide.
	www.epa.gov /owow/invasive_species (341 words)

	E-Flora BC Invasive Species Page
		They are species that have become abundant and widespread in the landscape to such a degree that they replace or swamp the natural species assembly in an ecosystem, and cause havoc with ecosystem function.
		Methods of control for invasive species range from direct hand-pulling of plants, such as is frequently done for purple loosestrife, to chemical control for widespread invasives such as knapweeds, to biological control.
		Help remove invasive species in your local area. Join the efforts to remove invasives that are being conducted by groups such as the Evergreen Foundation, the Invasive Plant Council of BC, and others.
	www.geog.ubc.ca /~brian/florae/invasives.html (1365 words)

	Welcome to the Washington Invasive Species Coalition — Washington Invasive Species Coalition
		Invasive species are one of the leading threats to natural areas, wildlife and cause expensive problems.
		The Washington Invasive Species Coalition is comprised of conservation and education groups in Washington working together to stop the spread of invasive species, and to protect native habitats and the economy of Washington State.
		Invasive Species: a species that is non-native (or alien) to an ecosystem and causes harm to the economy, the environment, or human health.
	www.invasivespeciescoalition.org (346 words)

	Beware of Invasive Species
		Invasive species are plants and animals that are introduced into new areas in which they are not among the native flora and fauna, and because they no longer face the natural enemies or competition from their place of origin, they spread or reproduce prolifically.
		The executive order established a National Invasive Species Council, and until an approved national list of invasive plants is defined by the council, "known invasive plants" are defined as those listed on the official noxious weed list of the state in which the activity occurs.
		A determination of the likelihood of introducing or spreading invasive species and a description of the measures being taken to minimize their potential harm should be part of any process conducted to fulfill agency responsibilities under NEPA.
	www.tfhrc.gov /pubrds/marapr00/invasiv1.htm (2524 words)

	NatureServe: Invasive Species (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Invasive species are now regarded as the second-leading threat to imperiled species, behind only habitat destruction.
		Because invasive species have a profound affect on vital sectors of the economy as well as on wildlands and endangered species, a broad coalition has formed to combat the problem.
		These assessments are designed to identify those invasive species that warrant particular attention based on their potential to cause ecological problems.
	www.natureserve.org /consIssues/invasivespecies.jsp (1046 words)

	Invasive Species of Concern in Maryland
		Invasive species often exhibit certain characteristics: they spread aggressively, reproduce quickly, have short juvenile periods, tolerate a wide range of climatic conditions and habitats, compete efficiently against other species, and thrive in disturbed areas.
		Invasive species cause ecological damage by outcompeting native species, reducing biological diversity, and changing ecosystem functions such as flood and fire regimes or nutrient cycling.
		Invasive species also have major economic consequences, ranging from the loss of economically valuable species to the costs of controlling or managing infestations on public lands.
	www.mdinvasivesp.org /what_is_an_invasive_species.html (306 words)

	APHIS \| News
		An invasive species is an alien species whose introduction does, or is likely to, cause economic or environmental harm or harm to human health.
		Species can be brought into the country and released intentionally or unintentionally through the international movement of people, commodities, and their conveyances.
		The National Invasive Species Council, which the Secretary of Agriculture co–chairs, was established by the Executive Order to develop an overall Federal strategy for minimizing the impact of invasive species.
	www.aphis.usda.gov /lpa/pubs/fsheet_faq_notice/fs_aphisinvasive.html (2135 words)

	Division of Environmental Quality
		Invasive species are infiltrators that invade ecosystems beyond their historic range.
		Invasives are transferred through numerous vectors including ships, boats, barges, aquaculture, agriculture, nurseries, or connected waterways.
		Many invasive species are imported into this country for various reasons such as for pets or for the fur trade.
	www.fws.gov /contaminants/Issues/InvasiveSpecies.cfm (1619 words)

	IUCN/SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG)
		The group's activities focus primarily on invasive species that cause biodiversity loss, with particular attention to those that threaten oceanic islands.
		Species suddenly taken to new environments may fail to survive but often they thrive, and they become invasive.
		Invasive species are organisms (usually transported by humans) which successfully establish themselves in, and then overcome, otherwise intact, pre-existing native ecosystems.
	www.issg.org (453 words)

	Invasive Plants of Ohio (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		These species, often called non-native, exotic or alien, were not known to occur in Ohio prior to European settlement in the mid 1700s.
		Invasive plants, whether they are native or non-native, have the ability to take over native plant communities, forming monocultures and displacing native plants.
		Most invasive plants are difficult to control and require the use of manual and chemical techniques.
	www.dnr.state.oh.us /dnap/invasive (726 words)

	Invasive species: Minnesota DNR
		Species that have been introduced, or moved, by human activities to a location where they do not naturally occur are termed "exotic," "nonnative," "alien," and "nonindigenous." Nonnative species are not necessarily harmful, in fact the majority have beneficial purposes.
		When nonnative species cause ecological or economic problems, they are termed "invasive" or "harmful exotic species." Minnesota's natural resources are threatened by invasive species such as the zebra mussel, Eurasian watermilfoil, purple loosestrife, gypsy moth, and garlic mustard.
		These species, along with new invasive species, could be easily spread within the state if citizens, businesses, and visitors don't take necessary steps to contain them.
	www.dnr.state.mn.us /invasives/index.html (111 words)

	invasive species
		Because they often arrive in new areas unaccompanied by their native predators, invasive species can be difficult to control.
		Left unchecked, many invasives have the potential to transform entire ecosystems, as native species and those that depend on them for food, shelter, and habitat, disappear.
		Disease: invasive species may carry diseases to which native species are not adapted.
	ethomas.web.wesleyan.edu /ees123/invasive_species.htm (1658 words)

	Invasive Species
		Invasive alien species pose one of the most serious threats to our environment, affecting all regions of the United States and every nation on the globe.
		Estimates of the cost of invasive species to the United States alone are in the tens of billions of dollars yearly.
		The Department is striving to increase international awareness of invasive species and facilitate regional cooperation to address this serious problem.
	www.state.gov /g/oes/ocns/inv (471 words)

	Invasive Species Unit
		Invasive species are plants, animals or diseases that are non-native to the ecosystem; that cause or are likely to cause economic or environmental harm; or harm to human health.
		Invasive species contribute to the decline of 46% of the imperiled or endangered species in the U.S. The biological invasion of exotic plants, animals and pathogens is one of the greatest threats to the existence of native organisms and biodiversity, second only to the loss of habitat.
		Invasive species are estimated to cost a total of $137 billion annually in losses to agriculture, forestry, fisheries and the maintenance of open waterways in the U.S. You can help stop the introduction and spread of invasive species.
	www.mda.state.mn.us /invasives/default.htm (962 words)

	WDNR - Invasive Species
		Invasive species can alter ecological relationships among native species and can affect ecosystem function, economic value of ecosystems, and human health.
		DNR staff monitor the presence and spread of invasive species, work with partners to educate the public, and research control methods.
		And new invasive species are looming on the horizon.
	dnr.wi.gov /invasives (659 words)

	Definition of Invasive Species (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Not only are invasive species threatening our agriculture and our forests, they are also causing major impacts to several of our major cities.
		An unofficial definition could be that an invasive species is a species that does not naturally occur in a specific area and whose introduction does or is likely to cause economic or environmental harm or harm to human health.
		"Species" means a group of organisms all of which have a high degree of physical and genetic similarity, generally interbreed only among themselves, and show persistent differences from members of allied groups of organisms.
	www.invasivespecies.org /resources/DefineIS.html (241 words)

	EPA - Great Lakes - Invasive Species
		An "invasive species" is a plant or animal that is non-native (or alien) to an ecosystem, and whose introduction is likely to cause economic, human health, or environmental damage in that ecosystem.
		Invasive animals have also been responsible for increased degradation of coastal wetlands; further degrading conditions are resulting in loss of plant cover and diversity.
		Based on the problems caused by non-native species, scientists are also closely watching other species that have invaded nearby ecosystems.
	www.epa.gov /glnpo/invasive/index.html (921 words)

	ECO-PROS Invasive Non-Native Species
		Not all non-native species are invasive and harmful.
		A non-native species could be something that brings disease to an area or to people through introduced bacteria or viruses (i.e., Ebola), or possibly a plant that would crossbreed with other plants and cause major changes to plant life.
		Non-native species have been introduced to countries by early colonists, and for such reasons as increasing the economy, for food, for energy, and for biological control of pests.
	www.eco-pros.com /invasive_non-native_species.htm (3529 words)

	NASA - NASA Helps Weed Our National Garden
		An "invasive species" is a non-native or alien to the ecosystem in which it’s found.
		Often, invasive species cause economic or environmental harm or harm to human health.
		Invasive plant species traditionally are located, identified and monitored by manual ground surveys.
	www.nasa.gov /vision/earth/environment/invasive_species.html (673 words)

	Nature Works-Invasive Species (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		A species is a group of plants or animals that are alike and can produce offspring under natural conditions.
		Species can be native to their habitat, that means they occur naturally.
		Exotic species are not native to an area.
	www.nhptv.org /natureworks/nwep15.htm (181 words)

	Invasive Species Initiative - Invasive Species Initiative, Invasive Species Education and biodiversity
		Learn about the strategies we use to address the threat of invasive species in the U.S. and around the world.
		This invasive insect has devastated prickly pear cactuses from the Caribbean to Florida; now it’s poised to hit the Mexican mainland.
		At hundreds of projects around the United States, the Conservancy is working to prevent or stop the spread of invasive species.
	www.nature.org /initiatives/invasivespecies (186 words)

	Aquatic Invasive Species
		A major threat to the health and survival of all coastal ecosystems arises from the introduction of exotic species via the ballast water of oceangoing ships, intentional and accidental releases of aquaculture species, aquarium specimens or bait, and other means.
		Legal mandates charge NOAA with developing a program for aquatic invasive species prevention, monitoring, control, education and research to prevent introduction and dispersal of aquatic invasive species, to disseminate related information, and to provide leadership in the coordination of federal invasive species efforts.
		Research is needed to improve understanding of the biology of invasive species and the effects of invasions, and to improve development of new restoration tools.
	www.oar.noaa.gov /oceans/t_invasivespecies.html (928 words)

	The Ocean Conservancy: Invasive Species (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		The introduction of harmful non-native, or "invasive," plant and animal species can cause irreversible harm to delicately balanced ecosystems, threatening native species by competing for food and spreading diseases.
		By far, the biggest source of invasive species is the ballast water that ships take on and discharge as they sail around the world.
		The emergence of open ocean aquaculture farms in the United States is likely to prove a significant vector for genetically modified and invasive species.
	www.oceanconservancy.org /site/PageServer?pagename=issues_species (577 words)

	invasive species
		Invasive Species Science Strategy for DOI Lands in the USGS Central Region
		Invasive Species Mapping Workshop Presentations - November 13-14, 2001
		Noxious, Invasive, and Alien Plant Species - A Challenge in Wetland Restoration and Enhancement
	biology.usgs.gov /cro/invasive.htm (90 words)

	Invasive species
		Exotic (or non-native) species are species which do not naturally occur in a country or region, they often only occur there because of the effects of humans.
		Exotic invasive species are species which are not only non-native, but also spread out from locations to which they are introduced.
		Invasive species are recognised as one of the five major reasons for biodiversity loss (along with habitat loss/degradation, over-harvesting, pollution and synergistic effects).
	www.senr.bangor.ac.uk /research/themes/te/invasive_species.php (496 words)

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