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Topic: Inverse kinematic animation

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Forward kinematic animation

Inverse kinematics

3D computer graphics

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	Inverse kinematic animation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Inverse kinematic animation (IKA) refers to a process utilized in 3D computer graphic animation, to calculate the required articulation of a series of limbs or joints, such that the end of the limb ends up in a particular location.
		One example where inverse kinematic calculations are often essential is robotics, where an operator wants to position a tool using a robot arm but certainly doesn't want to manipulate each robot joint individually.
		The solution is to model the virtual joints of the puppet and allow the animator to move the hands feet and torso, and the computer automatically generates the required limb positions to accomplish this using inverse kinematics.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Inverse_kinematic_animation (331 words)

	Wikipedia: Inverse
		Inverse function - in mathematics, a function that "reverses" the action of a given function.
		Inverse scattering - The problem to determine object's shape/properties from measurements of scattered radiation/particles.
		Inverse-square law - The magnitude of a force is proportional to the inverse square of the distance.
	www.factbook.org /wikipedia/en/i/in/inverse.html (245 words)

	Forward kinematic animation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The essential concept of forward kinematic animation is that the positions of particular parts of the model at a specified time are calculated from the position and orientation of the object, together with any information on the joints of an articulated model.
		So for example if the object to be animated is an arm with the shoulder remaining at a fixed location, the location of the tip of the thumb would be calculated from the angles of the shoulder, elbow, wrist, thumb and knuckle joints.
		Forward kinematic animation can be distinguished from inverse kinematic animation by this means of calculation - in inverse kinematics the orientation of articulated parts is calculated from the desired position of certain points on the model.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Forward_kinematic_animation (270 words)

	Inversion Boots (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In mathematics, the inverse limit (also called the projective limit) is a construction which allows one to "glue together" several related objects, the precise matter of the gluing process being specified by morphisms between the objects.
		An inverse multiplexor differs from a demultiplexer in that each of the low rate links coming from it is related to the other ones and they all work together to carry the same data.
		Inverse muxes are used, for example, to combine a number of ISDN channels together into one high rate circuit, where the DTE needs a higher rate connection than is available from a single ISDN connection.
	www.awonky.com /pages2/46/inversion-boots.html (2105 words)

	Inverse kinematic animation
		3D computer graphic animation, to calculate the required articulation of a series of limbs or joints, such that the end of the limb ends up in a particular location.
		computer animation where animators may want to operate a computer generated character, but find it impossibly difficult to animate individual joints.
		Key to the successful implementation of inverse kinematics is animation within constraints, computer characters limbs must behave within reasonable
	en.efactory.pl /Inverse_kinematic_animation (301 words)

	Read about 3D computer graphics at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research 3D computer graphics and learn about 3D computer ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Objects may be fitted with a skeleton, a central framework of an object with the capability of affecting the shape or movements of that object.
		If used for animation, this phase usually makes use of a technique called "keyframing", which facilitates creation of complicated movement in the scene.
		With the aid of keyframing, instead of having to fix an object's position, rotation, or scaling for each frame in an animation, one needs only to set up some key frames between which states in every frame are interpolated.
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/3D_modelling (1336 words)

	SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics Newsletter - The State of Computer Animation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The commercial animation software producers are hard-pressed to keep up with the demands of the technology and generally lag five to 10 years behind the development community.
		Other animation techniques for specific effects in the literature include (but by no means are limited to) automated gaits (walking, running, jumping, etc.) [5, 13], flocking behaviours [24, 1], fluid flow [14], waves [7, 21], smoke [27], sand [15], flexible objects [29], snakes [18], cloth [29] and many more.
		Animation can be generated quickly by actors and puppeteers under the control of a director who has immediate feedback from the real-time version of the character.
	www.siggraph.org /publications/newsletter/v32n1/contributions/sturman.html (4178 words)

	Animating with VIZ 2005
		Inverse kinematics (IK) is a method of animating that reverses the direction.
		For example, to animate an arm using inverse kinematics, you move an end effector that positions the wrist, or simply move the wrist itself.
		Animating the model either by manipulating objects interactively or by applying an IK calculation to follow another object in the scene.
	newsletters.hagerman.com /newsletters/ebul26-AEC.htm (1174 words)

	The New York University's Tisch School of the Arts Animation Program
		John Canemaker, Professor and Head of Animation Studies at NYU Tisch School of the Arts, poses with the Animation Area's "mascot," a holdover from a recent visit to the school by Nick ("A Close Shave") Park.
		The animation curriculum has grown over the years to become one of the country's most diverse; we are proud of the integration of traditional animation principles and techniques with high-tech computer animation.
		Drafting skills are important to all animators, regardless of their chosen media or focus; for character animators in particular, strong drafting skills are essential.
	www.awn.com /mag/issue3.11/3.11pages/canemakernyu.php3 (1875 words)

	Physics of 3D Animation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The physics of 3d animation can be outstretched into various different uses: modeling real world objects and materials, modeling kinematics, and modeling particle systems.
		In kinematics we can do bone animation (inverse kinematic).
		Looking into the future of 3D animation I see real-time visualization of spatial anomalies or simulation of experiments that are infeasible in real space and time.
	www.cec.mtu.edu /csa/courses/presentations/moran.htm (392 words)

	Inversion Table Back -- Recommendations and Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		For example, if the function ''x'' → 3''x'' + 2 is given, then its inverse function is ''x'' → (''x''−− 2) / 3.
		Generally, if ''f''(''x'') is any function, and ''g'' is its inverse, then ''g''(''f''(''x'')) = ''x'' and ''f''(''g''(''x'')) = ''x''.
		is the inverse by substituting (''x'' − 2) / 3 into ''f'', so : 3(''x'' − 2) / 3 + 2 = ''x''.
	www.becomingapediatrician.com /health/80/inversion-table-back.html (1736 words)

	Citations: Combined Direct and Inverse Kinematic Control for Articulated Figures Motion Editing - Boulic, Thalmann ...
		A ileg correction process is then used to modify invalid in between postures: if a foot penetrates the ground, an inverse kinematic algorithm is applied to modify its position, thus....
		The important drawback is that such approaches give too much freedom to the animator in the sense that physical laws such as newtonian mechanics may easily be infringed, with a significant loss in terms of realism.
		A method of generalizing existing rotoscope data while preserving original motion characteristics is presented in [14] Beyond kinematic methods, there have been several proposals to produce animated walking motions using....
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /context/473083/0 (2507 words)

	Articles - 3D computer graphics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		See also Forward kinematic animation and Inverse kinematic animation.
		Animations for non-interactive media, such as video and film, are rendered much more slowly.
		Film studios that produce computer-generated animations typically make use of a render farm to generate images in a timely manner.
	www.motionize.com /articles/3D_computer_graphics (1487 words)

	animate_form (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Animation implies the evolution of a form and its shaping forces, it is often confused with motion which implies movement and action.
		There is an interesting example when Lynn mentions "inverse kinematic" animation, where the motion and shape of a form is defined by multiple interacting vectors that unfold in time perpetually and openly.
		An example of this is the thesis project that Ben Fry made, he mapped all the words from a story and positioned them by repetition (which were mapped on the outside) and relation (putting them close together).
	a.parsons.edu /~rkeller/s2002/multimedia/animate_form.html (263 words)

	Inverse - TheBestLinks.com - Abstract algebra, Binary operation, Computer animation, Inverse function, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Inverse - TheBestLinks.com - Abstract algebra, Binary operation, Computer animation, Inverse function,...
		Inverse, Abstract algebra, Binary operation, Computer animation, Inverse...
		This is a disambiguation page, i.e., a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title.
	www.thebestlinks.com /Inverse.html (335 words)

	UnrealWiki: Maya PLE Character Model Tutorial Part 2
		NOTE: There may also be significant differences in how Max and Maya deal with Inverse Kinematics that will result in IK rigs that differ in detail, so using Maya PLE to "copy" a skeleton built in Max may not be successful without adaptation.
		This process "attaches" the polymesh objects of the character model to the IK rig so that the rig controls the motion of the polymesh, which is the only visible part of the model in-game.
		Near the joints, the skin deformation influenced by the joints is obvious, but that's normal (and desirable for models where the entire body is a single continuous mesh).
	wiki.beyondunreal.com /wiki/Maya_PLE_Character_Model_Tutorial_Part_2 (3043 words)

	Review: Cinema4D (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Inverse kinematics is a much sought after animation feature.
		finger, hand, wrist, forearm, elbow, upper arm, shoulder, etc. Before inverse kinematics, the only way to move these objects would be to animate from the top down.
		Move to another frame, create another key, etc. Path based animation lets you actually draw a path with the mouse, and have the object follow it.
	mm.iit.uni-miskolc.hu /Amiga/AR/ar406_Sections/review6.html (1547 words)

	newCF_with_bw_slides
		A new approach is presented for the animation of articulated figures.
		Kinematic control, either direct or inverse, has proven to be a powerful technique for
		the interactive positioning and the animation of complex articulated figures.
	ligwww.epfl.ch /~boulic/Publications_html/1992/Computer_Graphics_Forum/newCF_with_bw_slides.html (221 words)

	Inverse - Unipedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Inverse Problem Theory and Methods for Model Parameter Estimation
		Mathematics of Multidimensional Seismic Imaging, Migration, and Inversion (Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics, V. by: Norman Bleistein, J.
		Inverse Heat Transfer Problems (International Series in Heat and Mass Transfer)
	www.unipedia.info /Inverse.html (377 words)

	All words on 3D computer graphics
		A:M weighs in a very well thought-out animation workflow, compatibility with Windows, Mac OS and soon Mac OS X plus a vast array of built in features.
		Blender - A free modelling, animation, game development and rendering application with such features as scripting using the Python programming language and a considerable variety of modelling methods and animation tools.
		Cinema 4D - A modular 3D animation platform that features a fast rendering engine, radiosity rendering, soft and rigidbody dynamics, 3D painting/texturing, advanced character animation tools and NPR rendering.
	www.allwords.org /3d/3d-computer-graphics.html (2577 words)

	Doom3 world :: View topic - Does Doom3 support inverse Kinematic for ANimation?!
		The terms are used for animating the bones of a character.
		With forward kinematics method, we have to first rotate the left thigh bone, then accordingly the lower leg bone, then accordingly the left foot bone, and lastly accordingly the left toe bone to put the complete leg in the desired position.
		It's still your animation being played back but the IK will make sure the feet are on the ground even walking down steps or slopes or whatever.
	www.doom3world.org /phpbb2/viewtopic.php?p=81898 (1234 words)

	Forward kinematic animation - Encyclopedia Glossary Meaning Explanation Forward kinematic animation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Forward kinematic animation - Encyclopedia Glossary Meaning Explanation Forward kinematic animation.
		Here you will find more informations about Forward kinematic animation.
		The orginal Forward kinematic animation article can be editet
	www.encyclopedia-glossary.com /en/Forward-kinematic-animation.html (328 words)

	3D computer graphics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Modelling can be performed by means of a dedicated program (e.g., Lightwave Modeler, Rhinoceros 3D, Moray), an application component (Shaper, Lofter in 3D Studio) or some scene description language (as in POV-Ray).
		Modern 3D computer graphics rely heavily on a simplified reflection model called Phong reflection model, which should not be confused with Phong shading which is an entirely different matter.
		Universe by Electric Image - Modeling and Animation suite with one of the fastest 3D renderers that exists.
	usapedia.com /3/3d-computer-graphics.html (1624 words)

	Bart Dority (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		This animation was the fourth in a series of six television commercials.
		This piece was created by compositing 3d animation with video footage of a minature set.
		Because these commercials were some of the first to use SoftImage's inverse kinematic animation in combination with live action data feeds, they received several awards for the use of this ground breaking animation technique.
	www.bartdority.com /film/limbo.html (99 words)

	[No title]
		A publicly available linear solver used to calculate the differential changes in position when modifying the skeleton.
		The saved animation file itself will contain only the positions of the skeleton stored frame by frame, 30 frames per second.
		The user will be able to select both single joints as well as groups of joints (ie: the tip of a finger or the whole hand).
	swuswu.net /school/cs4167/finalproject/presentation.ppt (429 words)

	3D computer graphics - Questionz.net , answers to all your questions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Scene layout setup Scene setup involves arranging virtual objects, lights, cameras and other entities on a scene which will later be used to produce a still image or an animation.
		Rendering Rendering is the final process of creating the actual 2D image or animation from the prepared scene.
		Reflection and Shading Models Modern 3D computer graphics rely heavily on a simplified reflection model called Phong reflection model, which should not be confused with Phong shading which is an entirely different matter.
	www.questionz.net /Video_games/3D_computer_graphics.html (1744 words)

	Inverse - The Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Inversion has different meanings in different fields of knowledge:
		Something that is inverted or the process by which an inverse is obtained.
		In electrical systems, inversion is the process of converting direct current to alternating current, see inverter (electrical)
	www.the-encyclopedia.com /description/Inverse (271 words)

	SourceForge.net: Concepts - Example02 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		It will be necessary to create inverse-kinematic skeletal animation routines either through motion-capture or manual keyframing.
		To get a result like "jog" you would interpolate the movements with the "walk" routine, as long as the association of verbs holds jogging as "slower than" running, and "faster than" walking.
		The obvious shortcut is that environmentally it is known what verbs are in use for the objects within sight, and the person recognizes running from the environment-state, not from actually looking at patterns of images and deciphering (a highly complex AI feat).
	sourceforge.net /docman/display_doc.php?docid=5484&group_id=23706 (2043 words)

	[No title]
		The linear solver will be provided by a publicly available math library.
		Creative Component: After further consideration, I thought what may be an interesting animation produced by this tool could be the realistic shaking of a tree due to wind or maybe someone kicking the stump.
		Although a tree is not a particularly human-like skeleton of a figure, the tool should be versatile enough to handle this task.
	swuswu.net /school/cs4167/finalproject/proposal.doc (148 words)

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