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Topic: Involuntary control of respiration

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	Involuntary control of respiration - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The body's involuntary control of respiration is mediated by the brain's respiratory center located in the brainstem, particularly in the medulla oblongata and pons.
		In addition to involuntary control of respiration by the respiratory center, respiration can be affected by conditions such as emotional state, via input from the limbic system, or temperature, via the hypothalamus.
		Voluntary control of respiration is provided via the cerebral cortex, although chemoreceptor reflex is capable of overriding conscious control.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Involuntary_control_of_respiration (639 words)

	Respiratory system - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The bronchiols lead to the respiratory zone of the lungs which consists of respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts and the alveoli, the multi-lobulated sacs in which most of the gas exchange occurs.
		Respiration consists of a mechanical cycle of inspiration and expiration, with gaseous exchange occurring in between.
		The small depth of diffusion respiration sufficient to support the metabolism of an average human cell is less than a millimetre (0.04 in).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Respiratory_system (988 words)

	Dorlands Medical Dictionary
		respiration marked by a pause between the sounds of inhalation and those of exhalation.
		respiration in which all or part of a lung is deflated during inhalation and inflated during exhalation, as with flail chest or paralysis of the diaphragm.
		The two major components of CPR are artificial respiration and closed chest cardiac massage; see Plate 44.
	www.mercksource.com /pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspzQzpgzEzzSzppdocszSzuszSzcommonzSzdorlandszSzdorlandzSzdmd_r_09zPzhtm (4462 words)

	BIOLOGY 102 Lecture Notes. Respiration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Respiration provides a surface area for oxygen uptake and removes the byproduct of metabolism, carbon dioxide.
		Asthma involves involuntary contraction of the muscles (usually caused by allergies) and constriction of the airway.
		Breathing is involuntary in that we cannot prevent the ventilation of the lungs.
	www.sp.uconn.edu /~bi102vc/102su02offline/respiration.html (569 words)

	Neuroleptics, psychiatric drug hazards and tardive dyskinesia by Peter R. Breggin, MD
		This is why they are effective whenever and wherever social control is at a premium, such as in mental hospitals, nursing homes, prisons, institutions for persons with developmental disabilities, children's facilities and public clinics, as well as in Russian and Cuban psychiatric political prisons.
		Their widespread use for social control in such a wide variety of people and institutions makes the claim that they are specific for schizophrenia ridiculous.
		Controlled studies by Karon and Vandenbos (1981) indicate that even in traditional psychiatric facilities psychotherapy is the treatment of choice for patients labelled as schizophrenic.
	www.breggin.com /neuroleptics.html (2413 words)

	RESPIRATORY SYSTEM (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		External Respiration is the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the blood.
		Internal Respiration is the exchange of gases between the blood and the cells of the body.
		Respiration is a vital function of all living organisms.
	www.sirinet.net /~jgjohnso/respiratory.html (2365 words)

	glossary
		Disease caused by mites of the genus Chorioptes.
		Values on a control chart that are three standard deviations (of the sample statistic used) on either side of the centreline.
		A pest control method in which normal agronomic practices, tilling planting, crop spacing, irrigating, harvesting, waste disposal, crop rotation are altered so that the environment is less favourable for the pest (Stirling, 1985) The application of agronomic, agricultural and silvicultural practices etc. to control pests e.g.
	www.pestmanagement.co.uk /lib/glossary/glossary_c.shtml (9944 words)

	Yogic :Pranayama a key good health (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It was observed that by practicing any one of these techniques for twenty to thirty minutes, pulse rate, blood pressure and respirations per minute were reduced, skin resistance was increased (indicating a peaceful state of mind), and the brain activity in terms of frequency and amplitude of the brain waves was considerably silenced.
		Since the chief aim of respiration is to supply enough quantities of oxygen in the alveolar air for diffusion into the blood in the lung capillaries, any technique that promotes this must be considered very good for health.
		In pranayama these muscles are regulated in their activity with far greater control and the force of contraction on them is sustained for a fairly long time.
	www.indiangyan.com /books/yogabooks/yogic_prayama/pranayama_a_key_good_health.shtml (8392 words)

	Health and Nutrition: Respirators
		Respirator maintains its shape and low breathing resistance; can be worn for several days in a clean environment.
		Respiration is the process of oxidising food to release energy.
		See live article Cellular respiration Cellular respiration is, in its broadest definition, the process in which the chemical bonds of energy-rich molecules such as glucose are converted into energy usable for life processes.
	www.critical-care.co.uk /446.html (664 words)

	Modeling behavioral/voluntary control of breathing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In addition, this low-level controller interacts with the afferent feedback from the peripheral receptors and in turn is controlled by descending signals from the high-level controller (supraspinal centers), which also receives peripheral feedback.
		Neural control of respiration is an excellent model object for such studies because the respiratory CPG (CRPG) has been more extensively studied at the neuronal and network levels than other CPG types in mammals (e.g.
		Interestingly, the exact effect of the control signal was dependent on the phase in which the signal was applied.
	www.rybak-et-al.net /resnew.html (537 words)

	Unclassified/Commerical Mind Control Technology
		This is explained by the fact that all involuntary neuro-electromagnetic experimentees are kept in a sort of "barely alive" condition, with significant health problems, and either unable to work or just barely able to hold a job with limited earning potential.
		MIND CONTROL EFFECTS Since government-backed electronic mind control is classified at the highest levels in all technologically capapble governments, the description of effects is taken from the personal experiences of over 300 known involuntary experimentees.
		In addition to mind control experimental observation, millimeter wave scanners are ideal for stalkers and voyeurs, since the subject is portrayed in the nude.
	www.constitution.org /abus/mkt/uncom.htm (15256 words)

	USAF Flight Surgeon's Guide: Chapter 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Respiration may be divided into three general categories-namely, the ventilation phase, the transport phase, and the utilization phase.
		The utilization phase of respiration involves the exchange of gases between the cells of the body and the blood in the tissue capillaries, and the utilization of oxygen in metabolic processes.
		The periodic and rhythmic characteristics of respiration are maintained by means of relatively well-defined nervous pathways between the lungs and respiratory muscles and the brain.
	wwwsam.brooks.af.mil /af/files/fsguide/HTML/Chapter_02.html (13110 words)

	Re: respiratory system
		The human respiratory system is considered involuntary because the respiratory center, located in the brain stem, "drives" or regulates respiration without any conscious effort on behalf of the individual.
		Respiratory innervation is considered part of the autonomic or involuntary nervous system, with an interesting "overlay" by the voluntary nervous system that allows conscious control.
		The autonomic control of respiration is monitored by: 1) chemoreceptors (central and peripheral) and 2) lung receptors.
	www.madsci.org /posts/archives/dec96/846879861.An.r.html (283 words)

	Untitled
		Respiration affects blood pH too because CO dissolves in the blood.
		Three variables that must be homeostatically controlled in the blood and body: oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH (blood pressure may also be considered).
		Normal involuntary respiration can still occur upon the removal of the cerebral hemispheres, cerebellum and anterior brain stem, leaving the pons and medulla.
	www.mrs.umn.edu /~goochv/HAP/lectures/resp/resp.html (680 words)

	BIOLOGY 102 Lecture Notes. Respiration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Respiration provides oxygen for aerobic respiration and removes the byproduct of metabolism, carbon dioxide.
		This is called tidal ventilation, and the tidal volume during breathing is the volume of air moved into and out of the lungs with each breathe.
		However, the lungs are not truly spontaneous and require innervation from the respiratory center of the brain to function properly.
	www.sp.uconn.edu /~bi102vc/102f04/Taigen/respiration.html (532 words)

	CPAP con humidificador (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The involuntary (autonomic) control of respiration is impaired, but the voluntary control of ventilation that operates during waking hours is generally intact.
		Opiate - a class of codeine-derived, controlled narcotics, such as Tylenol #3, Percocet (oxycodone), Darvon (propoxyphene) and methadone; used to manage severe cases of Restless Legs Syndrome and Periodic Limb Movement Disorder.
		It also includes a small, portable canister (weighing from 5 to 13 pounds) that can be filled from the stationary unit for trips outside the home.
	biolinkbr.com /glossario/o (708 words)

	Unclassified/Commerical Mind Control Technology
		E-HARASSMENT EFFECTS Since government-backed electronic harassment and control is classified at the highest levels in all technologically capapble governments, the description of effects is taken from the personal experiences of the "2,000 or so" known gang stalking with electronic harassment targets.
		Bizarre court decisions in which the target is forced into involuntary mental health treatment and a criminal spouse (for example, a pedophile father discovered "doing" his own child) clearly show that gang stalking and electronic harassment are heavily protected by all levels of government and the medical establishment.
		The initial research into mind control in the USA was conducted udner the auspices of the CIA.
	www.raven1.net /uncom.htm (15803 words)

	Respiration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Control of this neural activity resides in neurons called medullary inspiratory neurons in medulla oblongata.
		Voluntary control of breathing is accomplished by descending pathways from the cerebral cortex.
		Reflex from J receptors, which are located in lungs, are stimulated by increase in lung interstitial pressure due to occlusion of a pulmonary vessel (pulmonary embolus), left ventricle failure etc. Reflex effect is tachypnea (rapid breathing).
	www.biology-online.org /9/14_respiration.htm (2179 words)

	Mind Justice - Evidence Survey
		Some mind control weapons are based on the electromagnetic signaling system of the brain and nervous system, while some weapons are known to be based on the biological effects of electromagnetic radiation at the cellular level.
		Reported mind control symptoms and descriptions include: “a slow death,” “unbelievably sophisticated,” “vicious, amoral, sadistic, and cruel,” and “appear to be the development of weapons to neutralize the enemy without killing”
		Published accounts of US mind control victims: from the 1950s-1970s, victims were predominantly the powerless, the poor and prisoners; now victims include all walks of life, men, women, young and old, especially whistleblowers, activists, and foreigners
	www.mindjustice.org /2003_survey.htm (9252 words)

	United States Army School of Aviation Medicine
		(1) External respiration - lungs are ventilated during inhalation and exhalation and gases are transferred through the lungs in the bloodstream.
		Phases of external respiration - the respiratory cycle is an involuntary process that continues unless a conscious effort is made to control it.
		(1) Controlled by the respiratory centers in the pons and medulla oblongata (lower brain).
	usasam.amedd.army.mil /classes/AltPh_HO.html (4054 words)

	Nervous System
		The somatic nervous system is responsible for the voluntary control of skeletal muscle and for the collection of sensory information from the body.
		Motor fibres from the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of this system control involuntary striated muscle such as that in the heart, and involuntary smooth muscle such as that in the respiratory, digestive, cardiovascular, renal and reproductive systems.
		This can range from a few parasympathetic fibres which supply an involuntary striated muscle such as those that travel in the oculomotor nerve to supply the ciliaris muscle, to the majority of fibres in a cranial nerve such as the vagus (CX).
	www.geocities.com /CapeCanaveral/Launchpad/5172/nervous.html (1371 words)

	Orne 1961 in Biderman & Zimmer
		A refusal of the control subjects to perform the given action would lend support to the hypothesis that the behavior cannot be legitimized solely by the experimental situation.
		Whether in fact he had control of this kind or whether he had the illusion of control is unimportant because the subjective feeling helped to maintain his mastery of the situation throughout several months of intensive interrogation.
		This extreme loss of control is handled in a variety of ways, one of which is a regression to a childlike state of dependence on and identification with the aggressor.
	www.psych.upenn.edu /history/orne/orne1961inbidermanzimmerbc.html (18099 words)

	Mahler "W. O. M. P.: Unclassified/Commerical Mind Control Technology"
		This assembly of unclassified and commercial literature is to show investigators and concerned citizens that in spite of the tightest possible information flout imposed in the early 1970s, enough of the classified mind control technology has leaked out to show that significant classified accomplishments are overwhelmingly likely, here at the end of the 20th century.
		The Cyberlink Mind Mouse is a revolutionary hands-free computer controller which allows you to move and click a mouse cursor, play video games, create music, and control external devices, all without using your hands.
		''When control of the robot arm was switched to the brain, the robot arm went over and brought water to the animal's mouth before the animal even started to move,'' Chapin said.
	www.waco93.com /classifiedweapon.htm (15547 words)

	ETHYL ALCOHOL, DENATURED
		Rapid, shallow respiration due to metabolic acidosis, cold and clammy skin, hypotension, cyanosis, opisthotonos, convulsions, mild tachycardia, cardiac depression, peripheral neuritis, cerebral and pulmonary edema, unconsciousness, and coma are possible.
		The specific respirator selected must be based on contamination levels found in the work place, must be based on the specific operation, must not exceed the working limits of the respirator and must be jointly approved by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and the Mine Safety and Health Administration (NIOSH-MSHA).
		Any supplied-air respirator that has a full facepiece and is operated in a pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode in combination with an auxiliary self-contained breathing apparatus operated in pressure-demand or other positive-pressure mode.
	www.atmos.umd.edu /~russ/MSDS/ethanol_denatured.htm (3486 words)

	[No title]
		(Redrawn from Nielson, M., and Smith, H.: Studies on the regulation of respiration in acute hypoxia with an appendix on respiratory control during prolonged hypoxia.
		We can override the involuntary system on a short term basis for such activities as speaking.
		Answers to Control of Respiration Study Questions 1.
	www.ursa.kcom.edu /Department/LectureNotes/Summer/ContRespiration.doc (1625 words)

	RODNEY SPENCER v. DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY, DC-0752-96-0116-C-1, DC-0752-96-0116-P-1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The appellant responded by alleging that his retirement on disability was involuntary.
		Reopening may also be appropriate where there is "a conflict between the holding of the decision and a controlling precedent or statute, either because of oversight or a change in the controlling law between the date of the original decision and the reopening request." Woodall, 28 M.S.P.R. at 195.
		Any involuntary retirement claim, however, was rendered moot by OPM's February 28, 1997 retroactive cancellation of its award of disability retirement.
	www.mspb.gov /decisions/1999/dc116rso.html (2842 words)

	Welcome to Dr.Squat (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It is widely known in the scientific community as a powerful antioxidant, and has the official designation as a "lipoxygenase inhibitor." Both research and folklore classify NDGA as effective in 1) cellular respiration, 2) analgesic activity, 3) anti-inflammatory activity, and 4) vasodepressant activity.
		Respiration -- Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the atmosphere and the cells of the body.
		Important to cellular respiration, proper circulation, protection of lungs against air pollution, and prevention of blood clots.
	www.drsquat.com /index.cfm?action=viewarticle&articleID=18 (11715 words)

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