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Topic: Inyo Craters

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	Global Volcanism Program \| Inyo Craters \| Summary
		The Inyo Craters are a 12-km-long chain of silicic lava domes, lava flows, and explosion craters along the eastern margin of Sierra Nevada south of Mono Craters near the town of Mammoth.
		Inyo Craters overtop the NW rim of the Pleistocene Long Valley caldera and extend onto the caldera floor, but are chemically and magmatically part of a different volcanic system.
		The Inyo Crater Lakes are small phreatic craters that formed during this eruption on the south flank of the Pleistocene Deer Mountain rhyolite dome of the Long Valley caldera.
	www.volcano.si.edu /world/volcano.cfm?vnum=1203-13- (182 words)

	The Sierra Web \| Environment: Inyo-Mono Craters
		The craters serve as an example of, what was possibly, the last volcanic activity in the area.
		Craters are common in this area but the green-colored lakes in each of these craters are very rare.
		The pumice on the east side of the craters measures 20 feet thick and stretches east as far as the Nevada border.
	www.thesierraweb.com /generalinfo/inyomonocraters.cfm (273 words)

	Mammoth/Owens Valley (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Deer Mountain (4 miles), one of the Inyo Craters, is at 240°, and the Minarets are on the skyline at 250° (13 miles).
		We are on the rim of the crater, which lies to the east and is difficult to see since it is heavily forested.
		The craters and domes of the Inyo Craters extend northward from Long Valley to the south end of the Mono Craters The linear distribution of the Inyo craters and domes has been attributed to a north-striking fault system along the eastern front of the Sierra Nevada range.
	geology.csupomona.edu /docs/sierrap6.htm (1478 words)

	Molossian Institute of Volcanology - Long Valley Caldera
		Three large craters comprise the Inyo Craters: Two lake-filled craters (North and South Inyo Craters) and another crater at the summit of Deer Mountain (Summit Crater), the peak to the north.
		The explosive formation of the craters was probably triggered when circulating groundwater was heated by the underlying magma to the point that fluid pressure exceeded confining pressure.
		Inyo Craters is reached via a easy dirt trail from the parking area.
	www.molossia.org /volcanology/longvalley.html (972 words)

	Geohiking Trail Description (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The Inyo Craters are one of the most recently active eruptive centers of the Long Valley Caldera, dating from about 500 to 600 years ago.
		There are several associated smaller craters and domes in the chain that runs along a north-striking fault system and extends northward to the Mono Craters.
		The Inyo Craters were created by hydrothermal explosions when the magma rising underground met groundwater, creating a steam explosion that blew off the overlying crust and threw debris outward.
	www.geohiking.com /inyo.html (536 words)

	Mono-Inyo Craters - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		One of the Mono craters: an excellent example of a rhyolite dome.
		Curiously, Lunar Orbiter spacecraft images reveal fields of volcanic domes that indicate deep-seated, high-silica eruptions on the Moon, possible sources of some tektites found on Earth.
		These lunar domes are similar to the Mono craters.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mono-Inyo_Craters (571 words)

	Molossian Institute of Volcanology - Mono Craters
		The history and deposits of the Mono Craters volcanic field overlaps with that of the Long Valley caldera and the Inyo Craters volcanic field.
		Panum Crater is a classic example of an explosion pit in which the subsequent lava plug was not large enough to completely fill the initial tephra ring.
		The crater is on the left (north) side of the road.
	www.molossia.org /volcanology/mono.html (817 words)

	Photos from Mono Craters, CA
		The Mono Craters comprise a young volcanic chain associated with the Long Valley caldera in eastern-central California.
		Mono Craters are part of a larger structure that includes the Inyo Craters to the south and the volcanoes of Mono Lake to the north, which together form a 40-km-long chain of Late Pleistocene and Holocene craters, domes, and flows.
		Crater Mountain, the tallest of the chain, rises 2000 feet to the 9172-foot level from the floor of Pumice Valley below.
	www.cco.caltech.edu /~meltzner/mono (1763 words)

	Owens Valley - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The valley is approximately 75 mi (120 km) long, trending north-south, and is bounded by the Sierra Nevada on the west and the Inyo and White Mountains on the east.
		In 1997, Inyo County, Los Angeles, the Owens Valley Committee, the Sierra Club, and other concerned parties signed a Memorandum of Understanding that specified terms by which the lower Owens River would be rewatered by June 2003.
		As of October, 2004, Inyo County officials seem to be resisting the offer of the easement [1], perhaps due to the prior history of mistrust over LADWP actions.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Owens_Valley (1185 words)

	Mammoth
		Of the estimated 250-300 inhabitants of Lone Pine, 27 are known to have perished and 52 of the 59 houses were destroyed.
		One report states that the main buildings were thrown down in almost every town in Inyo County.
		As in many earthquakes, adobe, stone and masonry structures fared worse than wooden ones which prompted the closing of nearby Camp Independence which was an adobe structure destroyed in the quake.
	teachers.sduhsd.k12.ca.us /hherms/herms/cal/mammoth.htm (548 words)

	ISS EarthKAM: Athenaeum
		This system of craters was created by a fissure system that extends from south of Mammoth Mountain through the western portion of the caldera to the north shore of Mono Lake.
		The Mono Craters were formed by multiple eruptions of high-silica rhyolite as recently as 600 years ago.
		The Inyo Craters were formed by eruptions of low-silica rhyolite as recently as 500 years ago.
	www.earthkam.ucsd.edu /public/images/investigations/monolake/lvc.shtml (539 words)

	[No title]
		The Mono-Inyo Craters database is in the process of being developed and is currently in alpha mode.
		The primary function of the database is to store data pertaining to the ages of volcanic features within the Mono-Inyo Craters.
		Researchers have gathered data from many locations throughout the Mono-Inyo Craters that is currently difficult to visualize because the spatial and temporal aspects of the data have not been viewed together.
	www.volcano.buffalo.edu:9090 /Wiki/mmvz/Introduction?r=body (309 words)

	Volcanoes of the Eastern Sierra Nevada
		The Mono Crater chain that will be the focus of this paper is just outside the caldera and is a part of a larger structure that forms a 40km chain of craters, domes, and flows dated to the late Pleistocene and Holocene era4.
		The Mono Craters are special because they are towards the end of the line in the Mono-Inyo Crater chain and exist as examples of very young volcanic activity.
		The Mono Craters are well preserved and play a role in better understanding the formation, intrusion and movement of a magma body in relation to the extremely complicated tectonics of the Long Valley region.
	www.indiana.edu /~sierra/papers/2002/schaffer.html (1465 words)

	The Inyo Eruptive Episode about 600 years ago, Long Valley caldera, California
		When magma began rising beneath the southern end of the Mono-Inyo Craters volcanic chain about 600 years ago, a remarkable series of eruptions and ground cracking formed what are now familiar features -- lava flows, craters, layers of pumice and ash, and ground cracks between Mammoth Mountain and Obsidian Flow (map).
		Magma moved upward toward the surface both before and during the sequence of eruptions that occurred at the southern end of the Mono-Inyo Craters volcanic chain.
		This explosive activity was followed by smaller steam-driven explosions that formed the Inyo Craters.
	lvo.wr.usgs.gov /InyoEruption/index.html (631 words)

	Golden Gate Photo - Long Valley Caldera Gallery
		The Recent eruptions at Mono Craters are also associated with this volcanic episode.
		The Inyo Craters is a north-south oriented chain located on the northwest rim of the caldera and the west side of Long Valley.
		The craters are 550 to 650 years old, forming explosively as shallow magma contacted groundwater, causing it to flash to steam and rapidly expand.
	www.goldengatephoto.com /westus/longval.html (639 words)

	geological history
		This ash solidified into a pinkish igneous rock known as the Bishop Tuff, a layer of which covers 580 square miles of California and Nevada and is especially exposed along the highways of the Mono Basin and Owens River Valley region.
		Scientists have determined that eruptions occurred in both the Inyo Craters and Mono Craters parts of the volcanic chain as recently as 600 years ago and that small eruptions occurred in Mono Lake sometime between the mid-1700's and mid-1800's.
		Its eventful history of volcanic activity is evident in both the extinct volcanic ranges of the Bodie and Anchorite Hills to the north and east and the dormant Mono Craters to the south.
	www.env.duke.edu /eos/fieldtrips/MammothLakes/GeologicalHistory.htm (882 words)

	Photo 4 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Inyo Craters are phreatic explosion craters approximately 600 feet wide.
		They were created about 500 years ago when magma rising beneath Long Valley caldera explosively flashed groundwater to steam hurling the cover rocks outward; no lava was emitted from this eruption.
		Such eruptions are termed hydroclastic eruptions because they involve rock fragmented rocks and water.
	volcano.und.nodak.edu /vwdocs/Hopson/hopson4.html (55 words)

	[No title]
		Inyo offers a wide variety of terrain for the cross country skier.
		The trail provides access to the Inyo Craters, two small volcanic craters with lakes at the bottom.
		There are a number of steep, narrow descents and this combined with the infrequent use of this trail, calls for strong intermediate or advanced skiing skills.
	gorp.away.com /gorp/resource/us_national_forest/ca/ski_inyo (1357 words)

	Aron's SURF Proposal '98
		In general, activity within the resurgent dome has not been linked with the formation and later eruptions of the Mono and Inyo Craters, however, there may be good reason to connect the two.
		The Mono and Inyo Craters comprise a young volcanic chain with a violent and exciting history, and there is strong evidence that another eruption in the region is very likely in the near geologic future.
		Sieh has continued the study by beginning an investigation of the 610 A.D. eruption of the Mono Craters, although much data has yet to be collected, and much analysis remains to be done.
	www.its.caltech.edu /~meltzner/proposal98.html (709 words)

	Inyo Craters Campground, Central Sierra Nevada, California
		Can’t wait to pitch that tent, Inyo Craters Campground in California is a great place to go.
		Inyo Craters Campground is one of the places to camp here in the Central Sierra Nevada.
		Be the first to submit input for Inyo Craters Campground.
	www.hikercentral.com /campgrounds/114663.html (816 words)

	Mammoth/Owens Valley (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Knopf, A., 1913, A geologic reconnaissance of the Inyo Range and the eastern slope of the southern Sierra Nevada, California: U.S. Geol.
		Miller, C.D., 1985, Holocene eruptions at the Inyo volcanic chain, California-implications for possible eruptions in the Long Valley caldera: Geology, v.
		Rinehart, C.D. and Huber, N.K., 1965, The Inyo Craters - a blast in the past: California Div.
	geology.csupomona.edu /docs/cited.htm (1025 words)

	Inyo Craters, California
		The late-Pleistocene to Holocene Inyo Craters Inyo Crater volcanic begins near the northwestern edge of the Long Valley caldera and extends south for about 7 miles onto the caldera floor.
		The chain includes silicic domes, flows, tephra deposits, and explosion craters.
		The craters are chemically and tectonically distinct from the Long Valley system.
	users.bendnet.com /bjensen/volcano/us/california-inyocrat.html (63 words)

	CMountain Biking Trails in Mammoth Lakes - City Concierge (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		To see the Inyo Craters, follow a short foot trail from the parking area.
		Restrooms and picnic facilities are available at Inyo Craters and Deadman campgrounds.
		Quality single track descends to the Inyo Craters Road and continues to the Inyo Craters parking area.
	www.cityconcierge.com /activities/mtn_bike_trails.shtml (2126 words)

	Fluid Influenced Faulting in the Long Valley Volcanic Region
		The Mono/Inyo Craters are a series of craters extending north from the caldera and are thought to have been created from a series of dikes over the past 40,000 years (Bursik and Sieh, 1989).
		To the south of the caldera is the Sierra Nevada mountain block, where there have been equivocal indications of magma existence even though there is a lack of evidence for recent volcanic or geothermal activity (Hough et al.
		It was surprising that earthquakes did not occur in or near the vicinity of the Mono/Inyo Craters.
	seismo.berkeley.edu /annual_report/ar02_03/node25.html (1339 words)

	Off Highway Vehicle Trails - ohv - Mammoth Lakes City Concierge (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Leaves from the Mammoth Scenic Loop Road and travels along the base of the Inyo Craters.
		Park at the craters parking lot for a short walk to the rim of one of the craters.
		The Crater Flat Loop starts on the left, 500 yards down Inyo Craters Road and goes through Crater Flats and thick Jeffrey Pine forest.
	www.cityconcierge.com /activities/offroad_routes.shtml (1028 words)

	GORP - Inyo National Forest - Mountain Biking
		Inyo offers lots of mountain biking: offroad trails for those seeking some solitude and downhill at Mammoth Ski Area for anyone seeking thrills.
		Restrooms and picnic facilities are available at lnyo Craters and Deadman Campgrounds.
		Highlights include a short ride to lnyo Craters; volcanic blast craters filled with water.
	gorp.away.com /gorp/resource/us_national_forest/ca/bik_inyo.htm (1083 words)

	Response Plan for Volcano Hazards in the Long Valley Caldera and Mono Craters Region, California
		Persistent unrest in Long Valley Caldera-characterized by recurring earthquake swarms, inflation of the resurgent dome in the central sections of the caldera, and emissions of magmatic carbon dioxide around Mammoth Mountain-during the last two decades and continuing into the 21st century emphasize that this geologically youthful volcanic system is capable of further volcanic activity.
		Worldwide experience in recent decades demonstrates that effective communication among scientists, civil authorities, and the population affected is a prerequisite-indeed, perhaps the single most important element-to mitigate the risk from potentially hazardous volcanoes.
		The TCS is responsible for ensuring that accurate summaries of geologic, monitoring, and hazards information are prepared and transmitted as frequently as conditions require to the Western Regional Geologist and the Director's Office, as well as to the California Division of Mines and Geology and the California Office of Emergency Services.
	pubs.usgs.gov /bul/b2185/home.html (9758 words)

	CVO Menu - Inyo - Mono Vicinity, California (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Active and Potentially Active Volcanoes in California -- Excerpt from: Wright and Pierson, 1992, USGS Circular 1073, includes Mono and Inyo
		Summary of Holocene eruptive activity and probable greatest hazards from future eruptions at volcanic centers in California -- includes Mono Lake and Long Valley -- Excerpt from: Miller, 1989
		Active and Potentially Active Volcanoes in California -- From: Wright and Pierson, 1992, USGS Circular 1073, includes Mono and Inyo
	vulcan.wr.usgs.gov /Volcanoes/California/InyoMono/framework.html (323 words)

	The Long Valley Caledra and the Mono Inyo Craters
		The Long Valley Caledra and the Mono Inyo Craters are located in an area in which volcanic eruptions have been occuring for over 3 million years.
		The caledra is an eliptical shaped area approximately 10 by 20 miles in size.
		Information on travel to the conference will be provided in the letter of invitation.
	www.disastercenter.com /longvall.htm (960 words)

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