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Topic: Iodinated contrast

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	Iodinated contrast - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Iodinated contrast is a form of intravenous radiocontrast (radiographic dye) containing iodine, which enhances the visibility of vascular structures and organs during radiographic procedures.
		Iodinated contrast media may either be oil-based or water-soluble, the former of which is slowly absorbed by body tissue and is usually only used in sialographic and hysterosalpingographic examinations.
		Iodinated contrast is toxic to the kidneys and kidney function of the patient receiving a dose should be considered before the exam.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Iodinated_contrast (276 words)

	AHRQ WebM&M: Case & Commentary Print View
		Additionally, most adverse reactions to iodinated contrast material do not represent true allergic reactions, as has been demonstrated by the finding that anti-contrast material antibodies are not consistently found in patients having adverse allergic-like reactions.(8) The exact mechanism of allergic-like contrast reactions is not known.
		Iodinated contrast material injection should be avoided, whenever possible, in any patient who has had a previous moderate or severe anaphylactoid reaction to iodinated contrast material.
		Contrast material injection should be avoided, if at all possible, in any patient who has had a previous moderate or severe allergic-like reaction to contrast material.
	www.webmm.ahrq.gov /printview.aspx?caseID=75 (1667 words)

	eMedicine - Contrast Medium Reactions, Recognition and Treatment : Article by Nasir H Siddiqi, MBBS, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The iodinated anion, diatrizoate or iothalamate, is conjugated with a cation, sodium or meglumine; the result is an ionic monomer.
		Contrast agent–related nephropathy is an elevation of serum creatinine level of more than 0.5 mg% or more than 50% of baseline at 1-3 days after the ICM injection.
		The incidence of contrast agent–related nephropathy in the general population is estimated to be 2-7%.
	www.emedicine.com /radio/topic864.htm (5560 words)

	Radiocontrast - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Contrast agents are also used in MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging).
		MRI contrast agents are usually gadolinium-based, and work not by being radioopaque, but rather by altering the magnetic properties of nearby hydrogen nuclei.
		Modern iodinated contrast agents are safe drugs; adverse reactions exist but they are uncommon.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Radiocontrast (1121 words)

	Radiographic phantom with iodinated channels - Patent 4472829
		A parameter used to quantify this capability is called "contrast sensitivity." In order to realistically determine the expected clinical performance of a particular system, the preferred manner to measure contrast sensitivity is with the use of phantoms containing iodine, which are well known in the art.
		Accordingly, when two images are made, one being with the iodinated phantom as described, and the other being made with a phantom made entirely of the material forming the mechanical structure (without iodine), then a digital subtraction of the two images results in a signal attributable solely to the iodine.
		Contrast materials which have been found to be particularly suited for use with a plastic base such as Chemco are iodo-organic compounds such as monoiodobenzene, C.sub.6 H.sub.5 I, and diiodobenzene, C.sub.6 H.sub.4 I.sub.2.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4472829.html (2948 words)

	A.A.S.Q.A INFO (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The appropriate contrast material for a procedure depends on the area to be examined, the patient's age, weight, general physical condition, state of health, and the route by which it should be eliminated after the procedure.[11] The latest nonionic iodine contrast agents have low osmolality and demonstrate significant risk reduction for patients.
		Contrast material is concentrated in the urine and the "cleansed" blood continues to circulate in the body.
		Water-soluble iodinated contrasts (Gastrografin, Hypaque) may be used for radiographic evaluation of the GI tract if there is question of perforation in the tract such as perforated ulcer, trauma, or ruptured appendix, etc. The body tissues can absorb the water soluble iodine contrast if it leaks from the GI tract.
	www.aasqa.info /members/Contrast.htm (6446 words)

	Radiology Rounds October 2003 - Headache - Minimizing Adverse Reactions to Contrast Agents (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Thus, the advantages of using iodinated contrast agents for the evaluation of the patient must be weighed against the disadvantages.
		Although the incidence of contrast agent nephrotoxicity is low in patients with normal renal function, it is a significant concern for those with poor renal function, diabetes, congestive heart failure, dehydration, or the concurrent use of nephrotoxic drugs.
		In cases in which the use of iodinated contrast agent is deemed the best option, despite a severe risk of an anaphylactoid reaction, the presence of an anesthesiologist to monitor the patient is required.
	www.massgeneralimaging.org /newsletter/october_2003 (1316 words)

	Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology
		The adverse reactions of the iodinated contrast media are believed to be non-IgE mediated and the result of triggering of the release of the mast cell mediators directly.
		In tive radiological imaging, it is usually believed that the adverse reactions of intravenous (IV) iodinated contrast media (ICM) are non-IgE mediated anaphylactoid reactions, by the result of released vasoacamines (histamine, serotonin, etc.) with the triggering of mast cells directly [1-10].
		Iodinated contrast media prevent the measurement by affecting the formation of these complexes.
	www.dirjournal.org /text.php3?id=17 (1833 words)

	:: SCC - Radiologic Technology Continuing Education ::
		Lesson 1 Describe the routes by which contrast media are administered and distinguish the influence of positive and negative contrast media on radiographic and fluoroscopic images.
		Explain the classification of iodinated contrast media in terms their primary characteristics and how these are used to compute their iodine:particle ratio.
		In this case, contrast media is introduced through a catheter advanced into the duodenum or jejunum.
	www.titance.com /subpage.html (350 words)

	SPINE DOCTOR - Information
		Both iodinated contrast (Conray 60®, meglumine iothalamate) and dilute gadopentetate dimeglumine (Magnevist, in a concentration of 3mg/cc) were injected at each level.
		For contrast leakage, the average (r) was 0.77 with a range of 0.61 to 1.0.
		For contrast leakage as assessed by CT-discography, the average (r) was 0.22 with a range of -0.09 to 0.29; when assessed by MRI-discography, the average (r) was 0.41 with a range of 0.26 to 0.54.
	www.spine-dr.com /site/info/info_article2.html (3174 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| The prevention of anaphylactoid reactions to iodinated radiological contrast media: a ...
		The use of iodinated contrast media is associated with a risk of adverse reactions, including serious allergic type reactions which may be life threatening.
		Corticosteroids given immediately prior to the administration of contrast was not associated with a significant reduction in the incidence of anaphylactoid reactions.
		As the overall incidence of anaphylactoid reactions to contrast media is low, the use of prophylactic medication is likely to be restricted to those most at risk, such as patients with previous reactions to contrast and those with asthma [19].
	www.biomedcentral.com /1471-2342/6/2 (3417 words)

	AwwaRF
		Among the pharmaceutical compounds most often found in the aquatic environment are iodinated x-ray contrast media, which are applied at high dosages and possess high metabolic stability.
		Contrast media are mainly given intravenously or by mouth for the display of soft tissue or vessels, which otherwise would not provide sufficient contrast in x-ray imaging.
		The estimated surface water concentration for iodinated x-ray contrast media is 3 micrograms per liter in the United States and 8 micrograms per liter in Europe.
	www.awwarf.org /research/TopicsAndProjects/abstract.aspx?pn=2788 (282 words)

	Allergies to Contrast Media
		Allergies are more common with the CT contrast agents (“iodinated” contrast) than with MR contrast agents (“gadolinium” contrast) but they occur in both.
		Some people are born with allergies to contrast agents and some develop them over time, even after many years of reaction-free exposure to contrast media.
		One added benefit of oral contrast is that it hydrates the patient and this lessens the chance of contrast nephrotoxicity and rids the body of the contrast media faster.
	www.vhl.org /newsletter/vhl2004/04dcalrg.htm (1107 words)

	SIMA - Iodinated Radiographic Contrast Media (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The classification of the product as contrast media was derived from the fact that when the iodine accumulates in the target area, it creates a contrast in the X-ray image, thereby permitting visual examination of the target organ.
		The identification process was complicated by the complex manner in which the foreign principals conduct their international business, the number of companies involved in the importation and sale of the subject goods, and the use of service providers in the industry.
		The fact remains that the company did export subject contrast media to Canada which were dumped and there are reasonable indications that the dumping has caused injury to the Canadian industry.
	www.cbsa-asfc.gc.ca /sima/anti-dumping/ad1234p-e.html (5268 words)

	Peripheral Blood Eosinophilia Associated with Gastrointestinal Administration of Iodinated Contrast Media -- Plavsic et ...
		of iodinated contrast media is a transient, clinically silent phenomenon.
		contrast media or the group who were given barium suspension.
		Iodinated contrast media are commonly administered to a considerable
	www.ajronline.org /cgi/content/full/180/3/751 (1768 words)

	Gadolinium Chelates in Angiography and Interventional Radiology: A Useful Alternative to Iodinated Contrast Media for ...
		Use of gadopentetate dimeglumine as a contrast agent for percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty and stent placement.
		Gadolinium-based contrast and carbon dioxide angiography to evaluate renal transplants for vascular causes of renal insufficiency and accelerated hypertension.
		Lower extremity arteriography with use of iodinated contrast material or gadodiamide to supplement CO2 angiography in patients with renal insufficiency.
	radiology.rsnajnls.org /cgi/content/full/223/2/319 (4854 words)

	:: SCC - Radiologic Technology Continuing Education ::
		This module describes routes by which contrast media are administered; explains the relationship between media density, photon absorption, and image results; and discusses the influence of positive and negative contrast media on radiographic and fluoroscopic images.
		Finally, the module distinguishes between the four classes of contrast media and briefly mentions the incidence of adverse reactions in nonionic media.
		Describe the routes by which contrast media are administered and distinguish the influence of positive and negative contrast media on radiographic and fluoroscopic images.
	hmi.sinclair.edu /module_detail.asp?ModuleID=19 (440 words)

	Contrast Media Reactions
		fever, rash, flulike symptoms, joint pain and pruritus) to iodinated contrast media is higher in patients who have received interleukin, as long as several months prior to the administration of iodinated contrast medium.
		Administration of any intravascular contrast agent should therefore be postponed in patients who have recently received a cholecystographic contrast agent.
		Injection was compared with nonionic contrast agents (iohexol, iopamidol, ioversol) in 1367 patients.
	www.e-radiography.net /contrast_media/contrast_media_reactions.htm (915 words)

	:: SCC - Radiologic Technology Continuing Education ::
		The final lesson emphasizes the importance of patient medical histories in alerting radiologic personnel to an increased risk of adverse reaction to iodinated contrast media.
		Recognize the impact of osmolality of a contrast medium and its correlation to adverse reaction incidence.
		Explain the basis for concern regarding the use of iodinated contrast media in patients treated with metformin (Glucophage).
	hmi.sinclair.edu /module_detail.asp?ModuleID=24 (510 words)

	Frequently Asked Questions: Iodinated Contrast Agents -- Bettmann 24 (Supplement 1): S3 -- RadioGraphics
		In summary, the injection of an iodinated contrast agent is
		Contrast material-induced renal failure in patients with diabetes mellitus, renal insufficiency or both: a prospective controlled study.
		Prevention of contrast media-associated nephropathy: randomized comparison of 2 hydration regimens in 1620 patients undergoing coronary angioplasty.
	radiographics.rsnajnls.org /cgi/content/full/24/suppl_1/S3 (4492 words)

	Glucophage® (metformin) and iodinated contrast media (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		GLUCOPHAGE should be temporarily discontinued in patients undergoing radiologic studies involving intravascular administration of iodinated contrast materials, because use of such products may cause acute alteration of renal function.
		Therefore, in patients in whom any such study is planned, GLUCOPHAGE should be discontinued at the time of or prior to the procedure, and withheld for 48 hours subsequent to the procedure and reinstated only after renal function has been re-evaluated and found to be normal.
		It is only in the IV and angiographic procedures that rapidly administered large doses of iodinated contrast are presented to the kidneys, creating the circumstances that are favorable for renal failure.
	www.amershamhealth-us.com /medpro/clinref/glucophage.html (523 words)

	Angiographic strategies when iodinated contrast medium is undesirable -- Kessel et al. 13 (5): 349 -- Imaging
		Angiographic strategies when iodinated contrast medium is undesirable -- Kessel et al.
		Angiographic strategies when iodinated contrast medium is undesirable
		Iodinated contrast media may cause deterioration in renal function,
	imaging.birjournals.org /cgi/content/abstract/13/5/349 (96 words)

	Demonstration of renal arterial anatomy and tumour neovascularity for vascular mapping of renal cell carcinoma: the ...
		On average the ratio of CO acquisitions to iodinated contrast
		(d) The corresponding study using iodinated contrast demonstrates all intrarenal vascular divisions as well as capsular vessels, which may be contributing to tumour supply.
		A prospective study of carbon dioxide digital subtraction vs standard contrast arteriography in the evaluation of the renal arteries.
	bjr.birjournals.org /cgi/content/full/76/902/89 (1587 words)

	Iodinated contrast media induce neutrophil apoptosis through a mitochondrial and caspase mediated pathway -- Fanning et ...
		Iodinated contrast media induce neutrophil apoptosis through a mitochondrial and caspase mediated pathway -- Fanning et al.
		Iodinated contrast media induce neutrophil apoptosis through a mitochondrial and caspase mediated pathway
		Effects of physicochemical properties of iodinated contrast media and growth factor dilution on neutrophil apoptosis.
	bjr.birjournals.org /cgi/content/full/75/899/861 (5010 words)

	Gadolinium-Enhanced CT Angiography of the Circle of Willis and Neck -- Henson et al. 25 (6): 969 -- American Journal of ...
		B, Reconstructed image shows absence of contrast in the left internal carotid artery and smooth tapered narrowing of the proximal vessel.
		Gadolinium as a CT contrast agent: assessment in a porcine model.
		Gadolinium chelates in angiography and interventional radiology: a useful alternative to iodinated contrast media for angiography.
	www.ajnr.org /cgi/content/full/25/6/969 (1659 words)

	DDI: Metformin and Iodinated Contrast Agents - UK Drug Information Center
		Mechanism: Iodinated Contrast agents can interfere with the renal elimination of metformin that can lead to accumulation of high blood concentrations of metformin
		Summary: The concurrent use of metformin in patients receiving iodinated contrast agents is contraindicated.
		Management: In patients receiving iodinated contrast agents, metformin should be discontinued temporarily.
	www.mc.uky.edu /Pharmacy/DIC/DDI/Metformin-ICADDI.htm (120 words)

	Clinical Trial: Renal Effects of Two Iodinated Contrast Media in Patients at Risk Undergoing Computed Tomography
		It is well known that X-ray contrast media can affect kidney function in some patients, especially when administered intra-arterially, and patients who already suffer from reduced kidney function and diabetes mellitus may be at increased risk.
		It is widely accepted to use low-osmolar or iso-osmolar contrast media, especially in patients at risk for contrast media-induced nephropathy.
		The main purpose of this study is to evaluate and compare the effects on kidney function of two contrast media, the iso-osmolar iodixanol and the low-osmolar iopamidol in patients at risk of kidney damage associated with the injection of contrast media.
	www.clinicaltrials.gov /ct/show/NCT00209417 (393 words)

	Gadolinium Use in Spine Procedures for Patients with Allergy to Iodinated Contrast--Experience of 127 Procedures -- ...
		Gadolinium Use in Spine Procedures for Patients with Allergy to Iodinated Contrast--Experience of 127 Procedures -- Safriel et al.
		Gadolinium Use in Spine Procedures for Patients with Allergy to Iodinated Contrast—Experience of 127 Procedures
		patients considered to be at high risk for a contrast reaction.
	www.ajnr.org /cgi/content/abstract/27/6/1194 (324 words)

	Allergy to Iodinated contrast media
		Unfortunately she has a past history of an anaphylactoid reaction to iodinated contrast media, even though she received prophylactic treatment with steroids and antihistamines.
		WE believe that my wife should be seen by a cardiologist with extensive experience dealing with patients having allergies to the contrast media but our primary care physician does not have the resources to find out where such expertise is available.
		He is an expert in the area of contrast reactions.
	www.medhelp.org /forums/Cardio/messages/32793a.html (318 words)

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