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	Ion microscopy pinpoints drugs inside cancer cells
		The subcellular location of transported ions inside normal and cancer cells can be studied with ion microscopy by placing a stable, or nonradioactive, isotope into a laboratory rat's bloodstream, thereby allowing the imaging of cells of the target organ with the transported isotope.
		The ion microscopy group at Cornell developed a way of growing cells on silicon chips and cryogenically preparing them with a method called "sandwich fracture." This method overcomes compositional and conductive problems and allows cells to be studied for their intracellular chemical composition.
		The ion microscope was invented in 1962 and originally was exploited in the semiconductor and electronics industry by such companies as IBM Corp. and Intel Corp. The microscope uses a beam of ions to bombard the sample surface, a process that produces secondary ions by etching off the sample's top layer of atoms.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2000-10/CUNS-Impd-1210100.php (637 words)

	Ion microscopy \| Institut Curie
		This "ion microscopy" was first utilized in biology by Pierre Galle in 1970 (Galle 1970), but the complex nature of biological tissues and the limited performances of the first instruments meant that it was barely usable even for “histological” studies, essentially in the fields of nuclear medicine and radiotoxicology.
		The ions are sorted by energy in an electrostatic sector and each ion is selected by a magnetic field as a function of its m/z (mass/charge) ratio, while conserving the topological information of the emission source.
		Ion microscopy will be used to follow the internalization of substances bound to subunit B and to characterize the Gb /subunit B interaction.
	www.curie.fr /recherche/themes/detail_equipe.cfm/lang/_gb/id_equipe/304.htm (1145 words)

	Microscopy ListServer Instructions
		The Microscopy Listserver is primarily directed at College Level and beyond, while the Ask-A-Microscopist project is directed to Middle and High School area.
		For the purposes of this discussion forum, Microscopy or Microanalysis should be considered to include all techniques which employ a probe such as: photons (including x-rays), electrons, ions, mechanical and/or electromagnetic radiation to form a representation or characterization of the microstructure (internal or external) of any material in either physical and/or life sciences applications.
		This Listserver is Sponsored in part by The Microscopy Society of America (MSA) as well as the Microscopy.Com SysOp.
	www.microscopy.com (387 words)

	Field_ion_microscopy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The field ion microscope is a type of microscope that can be used to image the arrangement of atoms at the surface of a sharp metal tip.
		The curvature of the surface near the tip causes a natural magnification – ions are repelled in a direction roughly perpendicular to the surface (a "point projection" effect).
		A detector is placed so as to collect these repelled ions; the image formed from all the collected ions can be of sufficient resolution to image individual atoms on the tip surface.
	www.antibiotics.net /search.php?title=Field_ion_microscopy (274 words)

	Scanning Transmission Ion Microscopy (STIM) is the basis of my research in Peaslee Group
		Scanning Transmission Ion Microscopy (STIM) is the basis of my research in Peaslee Group.
		Some ions are absorbed in the material, some pass through cleanly, and some are deflected at various angles.
		This is a well known ion beam technique used in measuring biological, chemical, and geological sample.
	www.hope.edu /academic/chemistry/research/students/2003/barton (635 words)

	Pharmaceutical Microscopy glossary
		Microscopy of specimens stained with fluorescent dye (usually fluorescein isothiocyanate) or of naturally fluorescent materials, which emit light when exposed to ultraviolet or blue light.
		Microscopy in which the object is examined directly by an electron beam scanning the specimen point- by- point, giving the surface image a three- dimensional quality.
		Since the vertical resolution of the surface plasmons extends from subnanometer to hundreds of nanometers, surface plasmon microscopy is potentially useful for the study of cell membranes, and transport and trafficking processes involving the membrane, as well as for studies of cell- nanofabricated surface interactions.
	www.genomicglossaries.com /content/Microscopy.asp (2773 words)

	Atom-Probe Field Ion Microscopy: Field Ion Emission, and Surfaces and Interfaces at Atomic Resolution by Tien T. Tsong
		Atom-probe field ion microscopy is currently the only technique capable of imaging solid surfaces with atomic resolution, and at the same time of chemically analyzing surface atoms selected by the observer from the field ion image.
		Field ion microscopy has been successfully used to study most metals and many alloys, and recently good field ion images of some semiconductors and even ceramic materials such as high temperature superconductors have been obtained.
		Although other microscopies are capable of achieving the same resolution, there are some experiments unique to field ion microscopy--for example the study of the behavior of single atoms and clusters on a solid surface.
	www.notpricyatall.com /Atom-Probe-Field-Ion-Microscopy-Field-Ion-Emission-and-Surfaces-and-Interfaces-at-Atomic-Resolution-0_0521019931_1 (191 words)

	i-mass.com : international mass spectrometry web resource
		The technique, called ion microscopy, promises to open new avenues of cancer research because it offers a high sensitivity for dectecting isotopes in cellular material.
		The subcellular location of ions inside normal and cancer cells can be studied with ion microscopy by placing a stable, or nonradioactive, isotope into the bloodstream.
		Instead of the more common autoradiography, ion micoscopy uses stable isotopes that shortens imaging time, assuring that the subcellular location of labeled molecules is native to the cell.
	www.i-mass.com /ionm1100.html (284 words)

	[No title]
		This poster session is intended to provide a forum to showcase major microscopy milestones, from whatever branch of microscopy, to highlight the origins and advances of the art in the continental USA.
		This symposium will examine different ways to teach microscopy and microscope theory and operation to researchers and students of all levels, in the context of new laboratory configurations, computer simulations, remote access usage, and classroom exercises.
		MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS, the official journal of the Microscopy Society of America, the Microbeam Analysis Society and the Microscopical Society of Canada, invites you to submit full length manuscripts.
	www.microscopy.org /MSAMeetings/MM00/00InstructionsforAuthors.html (4771 words)

	Atom-Probe Field Ion Microscopy - Cambridge University Press (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Atom-probe field ion microscopy is currently the only technique capable of imaging solid surfaces with atomic resolution, and at the same time of chemically analysing surface atoms selected by the observer from the field ion image.
		Although other microscopies are capable of achieving the same resolution, there are some experiments unique to field ion microscopy - for example the study of the behaviour of single atoms and clusters on a solid surface.
		This book presents the basic principles of atom-probe field ion microscopy and illustrates the various capabilities of the technique in the study of solid surfaces and interfaces at atomic resolution.
	books.cambridge.org /0521363799.htm (250 words)

	Technique images therapeutic drugs at work
		"Ion microscopy's high sensitivity makes it an ideal tool for localizing anticancer drugs inside tumor cells," said Subhash Chandra, a senior research associate with Cornell's Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology.
		The studies described in the journal were performed in cell cultures and on tissues from rats, although, said Chandra, human cell cultures and tissues have been used in studies.
		A researcher using ion microscopy instead of the more common autoradiography (a method that locates radioactively labeled molecules) can use stable isotopes to run studies that would not be possible with radioactively labeled molecules.
	www.news.cornell.edu /http://www.news./Chronicle/00/10.12.00/imaging_drugs.html (634 words)

	Ion Signalling Microscopy
		Techniques for the study of intracellular ions are used widely in biology, for example, to identify spatial variations in calcium levels within living cells, to measure the concentrations of intracellular ions including cell pH, and to monitor how these concentrations change with time.
		Monitoring intracellular ion changes is vital for our understanding of signaling and functional pathways in cellular systems, central to many fundamental processes such as muscle contraction as well as a synaptic nerve signal transmission.
		The principle of ion concentration determination is such that, when the free ion concentration changes, the equilibrium between free indicator dye and ion-bound dye also changes, resulting in a change in the photophysics of the indicator dye.
	www.photonicsonline.com /Content/news/article.asp?Bucket=Article&DocID={FD8C0015-E63B-4826-9559-67B6089C05AD}&VNETCOOKIE=NO (291 words)

	An Introduction to Helium Ion Microscopy and its Nanotechnology Applications
		Due to the very high source brightness, and the shorter wavelength of the helium ions, it is possible to focus the ion beam to a smaller probe size relative to a SEM.
		Also, as the ion beam interacts with the sample, it does not suffer from a large excitation volume, and hence provides sharp images on a wide range of materials.
		In contrast to other ion beams, there is no discernable sample damage due to relatively light mass of the helium ion.
	www.nsti.org /Nanotech2006/showabstract.html?absno=877 (232 words)

	Analytical Microscopy Group Home Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Analytical Microscopy Research Group, located in the Surface and Microanalysis Science Division (837) of the Chemical Science and Technology Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, carry out research into the development of techniques of microbeam analysis.
		Depending on the specific technique, the primary excitation radiation may be photons, ions or x-rays and the secondary analytical radiation may be photons (x-rays or visible light), electrons, or ionized sample atoms.
		Compositional mapping systems have been implemented on the electron microprobe, the analytical electron microscope, and the ion microscope, and are under development for the Raman microprobe.
	www.cstl.nist.gov /div837/837.05 (317 words)

	Seeing and Catching Atoms: ORNL's Atom Probe Field Ion Microscope
		Once the system has been evacuated to a very low pressure and the specimen is cooled to about 60 K (-213°C), a small trace of neon gas is let back into the vacuum system, and a positive voltage is slowly applied to the specimen.
		In this computer reconstruction of the sharp end of a needlelike field ion specimen, concentric rings appear because of the intersection of the atomic terraces with the surface of the specimen.
		In this field ion micrograph of boron-doped nickel aluminide (Ni Al), the bright dots are individual boron atoms that have segregated to a grain boundary (arrowed).
	www.ornl.gov /info/ornlreview/rev28-4/text/atoms.htm (3358 words)

	Identification of Mg-transporting renal tubules and cells by ion microscopy imaging of stable isotopes -- Chandra et ...
		Identification of Mg-transporting renal tubules and cells by ion microscopy imaging of stable isotopes -- Chandra et al.
		Quantitative imaging of boron, calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium distributions in cultured cells with ion microscopy.
		Imaging intracellular elemental distribution and ion fluxes in cultured cells using ion microscopy: a freeze-fracture methodology.
	ajprenal.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/273/6/F939 (4438 words)

	Potassium-Selective Atomic Force Microscopy on Ion-Releasing Substrates and Living Cells
		A highly sensitive ion sensor system was generated by coating atomic force microscopy tips with a PVC layer containing valinomycin, an ionophore for potassium.
		The activity of specific ions was traced on artificial ion-releasing PVC substrates.
		A boundary potential was generated owing to the selective exchange of a specific ion between coated tip and ion-releasing substrate.
	pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/ancham/2002/74/i16/abs/ac025605n.html (213 words)

	ALIS describes helium-ion microscopy tool - Taking the Measure - Blog on EDN - 640000064
		Although not exhibiting at Semicon West, officials from ALIS (whose name stands for atomic level imaging system) were on hand in San Francisco during the show to describe their next-generation microscopy tool.
		Ward explained that with the ALIS approach, a scanning ion microscope uses a beam of helium ions as the imaging particles.
		Initially, he said, the company will focus on the microscopy needs of the semiconductor industry, with a tool specifically designed to meet the needs of failure analysis engineers and scientists.
	www.edn.com /blog/640000064/post/1100001110.html (256 words)

	Microscopy - April 1995
		Optical microscopy is essential for inspecting blank wafers for gross defects, scratches and contamination.
		The automated station provides micromachining, metal deposition and scanning ion microscopy functions for cross-section cutting and viewing, device modification and failure analysis.
		The gallium liquid metal ion source is guaranteed for 1,500 h.
	www.evaluationengineering.com /archive/articles/0495micr.htm (2222 words)

	Books Springer - Handbook of Microscopy for Nanotechnology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Microscopy in Nanotechnology aims to provide an overview of the basics and applications of various microscopy techniques for nanotechnology.
		The attraction of such book is evident, since microscopy serves as the "eye" and "hand" of studying nanostructured materials.
		The structure-composition-processing-property relationships for these sub 100 nm-sized materials can only be understood by employing an array of modern microscopy and microanalysis tools.
	www.azom.com /sale.asp?saleID=108 (131 words)

	Imaging of Fluorine and Boron from Fluorinated Boronophenylalanine in the Same Cell at Organelle Resolution by ...
		Imaging of Fluorine and Boron from Fluorinated Boronophenylalanine in the Same Cell at Organelle Resolution by Correlative Ion Microscopy and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy -- Chandra et al.
		Chandra S., Lorey D. R., II SIMS ion microscopy in cancer research: single cell isotopic imaging for chemical composition, cytotoxicity, and cell cycle regulation.
		Chandra S., Morrison G. H., Wolcott C. Imaging intracellular elemental distribution and ion fluxes in cultured cells with ion microscopy: A freeze-fracture methodology.
	clincancerres.aacrjournals.org /cgi/content/full/8/8/2675 (4489 words)

	Field Ion Microscopes and Atom Probes
		Using a beam of helium ions as the imaging particles, higher resolution and greater detailed images can be generated because ions can be focused into a smaller probe size and have less sample interaction than electron beam instruments.
		FIM - Field Ion Microscopy and APFIM - Atom Probe Field Ion Microscopy
		The Three-Dimensional Atom Probe (3DAP) microscope is a point projection microscope that resolves millions of individuals atom positions in three dimensions and identifies the species of each atom by time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometry.
	www.mwrn.com /microscopy/nano/ion_microscope.aspx (133 words)

	50th Anniversary of Atomic Resolution Microscopy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The conference is intended to celebrate the historic achievement of atomic resolution microscopy, with Erwin Müller's field ion microscope, at Penn State in 1955.
		Eminent speakers will address the origins and applications of present-day atomic-scale imaging and related analysis techniques such as field ion microscopy, atom-probe mass spectroscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, holographic high-resolution electron microscopy, and scanning probe microscopies.
		Applications of these powerful microscopies to surface science, materials science, and bioscience will be addressed by invited and contributed papers.
	www.outreach.psu.edu /C&I/AtomicResolution/default.asp?WhichPage=default (489 words)

	Distribution of calcium during interphase and mitosis as observed by ion microscopy -- Chandra et al. 32 (11): 1224 -- ...
		Distribution of calcium during interphase and mitosis as observed by ion microscopy -- Chandra et al.
		Articles by Chandra, S. Articles by Morrison, G. Distribution of calcium during interphase and mitosis as observed by ion microscopy
		Cation-chromatin binding as shown by ion microscopy is essential for the structural integrity of chromosomes
	www.jhc.org /cgi/content/abstract/32/11/1224 (201 words)

	Cell Volume Measurement Using Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy -- Korchev et al. 78 (1): 451 -- Biophysical Journal
		Transmembrane ion movements elicited by sodium pump inhibition in Helix aspersa neurons.
		Plasma membrane water permeability of cultured cells and epithelia measured by light microscopy with spatial filtering.
		Measurement by confocal laser scanning microscopy of the volume of epidermal nuclei in thick skin sections.
	www.biophysj.org /cgi/content/full/78/1/451 (3815 words)

	Hawaii to host Microscopy and Microanalysis 2005 Meeting
		The meeting will bring together biological scientists, material scientists, instrument developers and industry representatives from around the world to discuss microscopy and related techniques and their use in basic and applied research.
		Symposia in the physical sciences will examine the role of microscopy and microanalysis in the study of extraterrestrial materials, catalysts, and metallographic techniques, failure analysis and other nanotechnology applications.
		Serving as co-chairs of the Local Arrangements Committee for the conference are Tina Carvalho and Marilyn Dunlap of the Biological Electron Microscopy Facility at the University of Hawai‘i’s Pacific Biosciences Research Center, who have been working on various aspects of planning the meeting for the past five years.
	www.hawaii.edu /cgi-bin/uhnews?20050729160535 (495 words)

	Edinformatics -- Education for the Information Age (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Field Emission/Ion Microscopy Laboratory - A laboratory engaged in exclusive research on field emission and field ion microscopy.
		Scanning Probe Microscopy at Bristol - Introduces the applications and techniques of SPM with image and movie galleries, conference announcements and research topics.
		SPM Application - Using scanning probe microscopy to explore and manipulate semiconductor surfaces.
	www.edinformatics.com /cgi-bin/apexec.pl?etype=odp&submit2=Search&submit=Search&passurl=/Science/Methods_and_Techniques/Microscopy/Scanning_Probe_Microscopy (200 words)

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