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	Capital (architecture) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ionic capital, from the temple of Athena Polias, Priene, Ionia, in a 19th-century engraving
		In the Ionic capitals of the archaic Temple of Artemis at Ephesus (560 BCE) the width of the abacus is twice that of its depth, consequently the earliest Ionic capital known was virtually a bracket capital.
		The Romanesque and Gothic capitals throughout Europe present as much variety as in the Byzantine and for the same reason, that the artist evolved his conception of the design trom the block he was carving, but in these styles it goes further, on account of the clustering of columns and piers.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Capital_(architecture) (1472 words)

	Capital (Architecture) - LoveToKnow 1911
		The bulk of the capital may either be convex, as in the Doric capital; concave, as in the bell of the Corinthian capital; or bracketed out, as in the Ionic capital.
		In the Ionic capital of the Archaic temple of Diana at Ephesus (560 B.C.) the width of the abacus is twice that of its depth, consequently the earliest Ionic capital known was virtually a FIG.
		Byzantine capitals are of endless variety; the Roman composite capital would seem to have been the favourite type they followed at first: subsequently, the block of stone was left rough as it came from the quarry, and the sculptor, set to carve it, evolved FIG.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Capital_(Architecture) (1129 words)

	Ionic order - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Ionic order originated in the mid-6th century BC in Ionia, the southwestern coastland and islands of Asia Minor settled by Ionian Greeks, where an Ionian dialect was spoken.
		The capital of the Ionic column has characteristic paired scrolling volutes that are laid on the molded cap ("echinus") of the column, or spring from within it.
		The major feature of the Ionic order are the volutes of its capital, which have been the subject of much theoretical and practical discourse, based on a brief and obscure passage in Vitruvius [1].
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ionic_order (978 words)

	Ionic Capitals, Wood Carvings, Woodcarving, Appliques, Onlays, and more.
		Ionic capitals, originally used by the Greeks in a system called the Ionic order, are decorative elements that separate a column from the masonry it supports.
		Ionic columns have a thickness only one eighth their height, giving them a tall, slender look, with 24 flutes down each shaft to signify the folds of robes typically worn by women, while the volutes of the Ionic capital represent curly ringlets (Vitruvius Pollio, The Ten Books on Architecture).
		Ionic capitals have stood the test of time and are still widely used today due to the strength and beauty of their design, and are a perfect compliment to buildings of significance.
	www.corbelsandcarvings.com /carvings/ionic_capitals.htm (502 words)

	Tarbell : The Ionic order
		The Ionic shaft is much slenderer than the Doric, the height of the column (including base and capital) being in different examples from eight to ten times the lower diameter of the shaft.
		If this were the case with the capital at the corner of a building, the result would be that on the side of the building all the capitals would present their bolsters instead of their volutes to the spectator.
		Furthermore, Ionic columns were sometimes employed in the interior of Doric temples, as at Bassae in Arcadia and (probably) in the temple built by Scopas at Tegea.
	www.ellopos.net /elpenor/greek-texts/ancient-greece/history-of-ancient-greek-art-11.asp (1514 words)

	index.html
		The Ionic order was being practised in mainland Greece in the 5th century BC.
		The 16th-century Renaissance architect and theorist Vincenzo Scamozzi designed a version of such a perfectly four-sided Ionic capital, which became so much the standard, that when a Greek Ionic order was eventually reintroduced, in the later 18th century Greek Revival, it conveyed an air of archaic freshness and primitive, perhaps even republican, vitality.
		Below the volutes, the Ionic column may have a wide collar or banding separating the capital from the fluted shaft.
	www.ionic549.ca (896 words)

	Ionic
		As the name suggests, the Ionic Order was born in the Aegean coastlands of the Ionia sea.
		The Ionic Order was never as rigid in scheme as the Doric and included very different designs, but it is possible to descibe an "ideal" Ionic.
		The shaft of the Ionic column is fluted similar to the that of the Doric but it does not stand directly on the platform; it is set on a cushioning base which varies in shape and decoration.
	www.sinc.sunysb.edu /Stu/apalm/temples/Ionic.html (348 words)

	Geometric Methods of the 1500s for Laying Out the Ionic Volute by Denise Andrey and Mirko Galli in the Nexus Network ...
		During this second phase the problems such as laying out the volute of the Ionic capital are undertaken and debated in depth, since their resolution is the essential premise for the development of design and construction practice.
		The Ionic order, with its characteristic capital, is one of the modi, that is, of the architectural styles, described by Vitruvius in his treatise of architecture, who indicated it as a middle ground between the Doric and the Corinthian, at once severe and delicate [Vitruvius 1997: III].
		In the case of the Ionic capital, measuring and surveys make evident the fact that the capitals possess volutes in which the distance between the turns diminishes progressively towards the center and in which the turns are usually three, partly contradicting, or at least rendering more obscure, Vitruvius's descriptions.
	www.univie.ac.at /EMIS/journals/NNJ/AndGal.html (5666 words)

	Ionic Order (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Because an Ionic capital looked different from where one was standing, Greek architects decided to bend the corner scrolls outward at a 45 degree angle.
		The result was a variation on the original Ionic capital, the Greek Angular Ionic.
		This capital was named after the Italian architect, Vincenzo Scamozzi, who frequently used the capital on his buildings.
	www.fiberglasscolumns.com /ionic.html (140 words)

	Greek Architecture - Clipart ETC
		Volute of the Ionic Capital "A kind of spiral scroll used in Ionic, Corinthian, and Composite capitals, of which it is a principal ornament.
		Corinthian Capital Corinthian capital from Temple of Zeus at Athens.
		Ionic Capital Ionic capital from the Erechtheion, Athens.
	etc.usf.edu /clipart/galleries/Arts/greek_architecture.htm (2207 words)

	ionic - definition by dict.die.net
		The Homeric poems are written in what is designated old Ionic, as distinguished from new Ionic, or Attic, the dialect of all cultivated Greeks in the period of Athenian prosperity and glory.
		Ionic, or Ionian, mode (Mus.), an ancient mode, supposed to correspond with the modern major scale of C. Ionic sect, a sect of philosophers founded by Thales of Miletus, in Ionia.
		Ionic type, a kind of heavy-faced type (as that of the following line).
	dict.die.net /ionic (256 words)

	Greek Architecture - Crystalinks
		The Ionic style was used in the cities of Ionia (now the west coast of Turkey) and some of the Aegean islands.
		The major feature of the Ionic order are the volutes of its capital, which have been the subject of much theoretical and practical discourse, based on a brief and obscure passage in Vitruvius.
		The abacus upon the capital has concave sides to conform to the outscrolling corners of the capital, and it may have a rosette at the center of each side.
	www.crystalinks.com /greekarchitecture.html (2964 words)

	Glossary of Medieval Art and Architecture:Ionic capital (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The Ionic order is based on a set of proportions and includes a particular kind of column base and lintel as well as capital.
		In the medieval period, the capital was often used without a strict adherence to the rest of the system.
		Ionic capitals are relatively rare in medieval buildings.
	www.pitt.edu /~medart/menuglossary/Ionic.htm (117 words)

	Glossary of Medieval Art and Architecture:types of capitals (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The block capital is particularly characteristic of Ottonian and Romanesque architecture in Germany and England.
		Historiated capitals were most commonly used in the Romanesque from the late eleventh to mid-twelfth centuries.
		Ionic capital: A capital used originally by the Greeks in a system of supports called the Ionic order.
	www.pitt.edu /~medart/menuglossary/capitaltable.htm (261 words)

	Vitruvius, Book IV, Chapter 1
		The height of the capitals renders them proportionately higher and more slender, because the height of the Ionic capital is one third of the thickness of the column, that of the Corinthian is the whole diameter of the shaft.
		The height of the capital with the abacus is to equal the diameter of the bottom of the column.
		The thickness of the abacus is one seventh of the height of the capital.
	www.vitruvius.be /boek4h1.htm (2885 words)

	Greek Architecture
		Ionic column, from A. Rosengarten, A Handbook of Architectural Styles, NY, 1898.
		Ionic entablature, from A. Rosengarten, A Handbook of Architectural Styles, NY, 1898.
		Ionic capital, from A. Rosengarten, A Handbook of Architectural Styles, NY, 1898.
	www.bc.edu /bc_org/avp/cas/fnart/arch/greek_arch.html (129 words)

	Odyssey/Greece
		The Ionic order developed about a century later than the Doric, on the Aegean Islands and Ionia, a region on the western coast of what is now Turkey.
		The Ionic column is more slender than the Doric, rising some eight times the width of its base, and the details are more elaborate.
		He described the volutes (spiral scroll) of the Ionic capital as "curly ringlets" and the vertical flutes in the column as the falling folds of a woman's robe.
	carlos.emory.edu /ODYSSEY/GREECE/Ionic.html (186 words)

	Detail Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		A forerunner of the Ionic capital may be the treetoplike shape of the Aeolic capital, which survives in a carved stone form of the 600s
		Ionic columns were more slender than their Doric counterparts.
		Other distinctive Ionic features included the use of a column base and the absence of Doric-style metopes and triglyphs along the frieze beneath the roof and pediments; unlike the Doric structure, the Ionic entablature could show continuous carvings around the frieze.
	www.fofweb.com /Onfiles/Ancient/AncientDetail.asp?iPin=GRE0068 (793 words)

	Corinthian order
		The capital joined acanthus leaves and volutes, scroll-shaped forms, in an intricate combination, and Renaissance sculptors and metalworkers, especially in Italy, France, and Spain, found in its complexity a medium for their full virtuosity.
		A.D. by forming a capital in which were combined both Corinthian foliage and the volutes and echinus, or rounded molding, of the four-cornered type of Ionic.
		capital, in architecture - capital, in architecture, the crowning member of a column, pilaster, or pier.
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/world/A0813553.html (496 words)

	Archaeology Wordsmith
		DEFINITION: The Grecian Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian and the Roman Tuscan, Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, and composite orders as defined by the particular type of column and entablature in one basic unit.
		The form of the capital is the most distinguishing characteristic of a particular order.
		Unlike the Doric, the Ionic capital has four distinct sides, only two of which are intended to be conspicuous.
	www.reference-wordsmith.com /cgi-bin/lookup.cgi?category=&where=headword&terms=order (650 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Doric capitals (inverted) from a Doric temple at Assos
		Ionic capital and entablature from the Erectheum on the Acropolis
		Colossal Ionic capital from the Artemis temple at Sardis
	www.indiana.edu /~leach/c414/greekimg.html (223 words)

	Free College Essays.com - Free Essays, Term Papers and Book Reports.
		The Ionic Order evolved in and takes its name from Ionia, the Greek name for those parts of Asia Minor (modern-day Turkey) which were settled by people of Greek origin, and although the style appears more developed than the Doric Order, its origins cannot be very much later in date.
		Ionic capital from house on west side of Charlotte Square.
		In discussing the uses of the Orders in the second part of Volume I of The Works, Adam expresses the view that the Ionic capital should be used with the volutes square to the front rather than projecting diagonally when at the corner of a building.
	www.free-college-essays.com /Art/22075-Artspeech.html (1155 words)

	FAA 321g Lecture 10
		Ionic volute column (with Ionic capital and sphinx) set up by Naxians to Apollo at Delphi c.
		Ionic capital from tomb (on island of Paros) of the famous 7th century lyric poet Archilochos of Paros
		Ionic capital from Temple of Artemis at Ephesos (with rosettes decorating volutes), c.
	www.usc.edu /dept/finearts/slide/pollini/chap10.html (569 words)

	Architectural Styles of Classical Columns
		The transition from the shaft to the capital was at first defined by a concave moulding.
		Its shaft is more slender than the shaft of the Doric column and the capital is distinguished by a pair of volutes (which look like rams' horns) back and front beneath which the necking is generally embellished.
		Its capital is further embellished with a single or double row of stylized acanthus leaves.
	www.bobvila.com /HowTo_Library/Architectural_Styles_of_Classical_Columns-Columns-A1461.html (412 words)

	Ionic_order (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The Ionic order, richer than the Doric, is composed of a column standing on a base crowned by a capital of projecting ornamental scrolls called volutes which is placed between the abacus and the echinus.
		Unlike the Doric, the Ionic capital has different front and side views, and is meant to be seen chiefly from the front or back.
		The Ionic architrave is divided into three horizontal bands, the frieze is undivided and is often decorated with a running relief.
	lib.haifa.ac.il /www/art/ionic_order.html (108 words)

	Mnesicles' Propylaea
		This type of variation in the spacing of columns was often found in the Ionic temples of Asia Minor.
		The Ionic Capitals of the Propylaia were the prototype for what is now an ubiquitous architectural style.
		Although this capital has been imitated and copied innumerable times, previous studies and drawings have overlooked the drill holes for a metal attachment similar to this one.
	www.reconstructions.org /mor/pages/prop_exhibit/prop_exhib2.html (262 words)

	Ionic capital, torus (foliated base), and parts of a fluted column shaft [Greek, Lydian] (26.59.1) \| Object Page \| ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Ionic capital, torus (foliated base), and parts of a fluted column shaft [Greek, Lydian] (26.59.1)
		Ionic capital, torus (foliated base), and parts of a fluted column shaft from the Temple of Artemis at Sardis, 4th century B.C. Greek, Lydian
		Of particularly fine workmanship is the carving of the foliate ornaments on the Ionic capital, as well as the scale pattern on the torus (foliated base).
	www.metmuseum.org /toah/ho/04/waa/hod_26.59.1.htm (250 words)

	CAPITAL (Lat. caput, h... - Online Information article about CAPITAL (Lat. caput, h...
		Byzantine capitals are of endless variety; the Roman composite capital would seem to have been the favourite type they followed at first: subsequently, the See also:
		arch, the springing of which was much wider than the abacus of the capital.
		These capitals, however, are not equal to those of theEarlyEnglish school, in which the foliage is conventionally treated as if it had been copied from See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /CAL_CAR/CAPITAL_Lat_caput_head_.html (1463 words)

	History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The height-to-base ratio of early Ionic columns was 8 to 1, compared with a ratio between 4 to 1 and 6 to 1 for Doric columns.
		Over all, Ionic is a more ornamental and graceful style than Doric, but it lacks the clarity and power of the Doric style.
		Both featured double rows of Ionic columns, and were gigantic—the temple at Ephesus measured 112 m (366 ft) in length, with columns some 18 m (60 ft) tall.
	www.bergen.org /AAST/Projects/Engineering_Graphics/2003/Greek/history.htm (2009 words)

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