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Topic: Ionic liquid

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	Preparation of butene polymers using an ionic liquid - Patent 5304615
		It is known to use these ionic liquids as solvents and as catalysts for the dimerization and /or oligomerization of olefins such as ethylene, propylene, butene-1 and/or butene-2 and for the alkylation of benzene using alkyl halides.
		The component (b) in the ionic liquid is suitably a hydrocarbyl substituted imidazolium halide or a hydrocarbyl substituted pyridinium halide, especially the 1-alkyl-3-alkylinudazolium halides, the 1-alkyl pyridinium halides and the alkylene pyridinium dihalides.
		Typically, the relative mole ratio of aluminium compound to the component (b) in the ionic liquid is suitably in the range from 1:1 to 2:1, preferably from 1.5:1 to 2:1.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5304615.html (2623 words)

	Enzymes coated with ionic liquid - Patent 7005282
		The ionic liquid-coated enzyme according to the present invention remarkably improves enzyme functions, such as enantioselectivity and stability, when the enzyme which may be lipase is coated with an ionic liquid.
		Using the ionic liquid-coated enzyme as a catalyst, an optical isomer having a high enantiomeric excess (optical purity) is prepared by the enantioselective acylation of one enantiomer of a racemic compound.
		The reaction solvent to be used in the reaction of an ionic liquid-coated enzyme with a racemic compound is preferably, but is not limited to, toluene, ether or hexane which does not dissolve the ionic liquid, since the yield and enantioselectivity of enzyme-catalyzed reaction is generally affected by solvent.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /7005282.html (2573 words)

	C&EN: TODAY'S HEADLINES - BASF'S SMART IONIC LIQUID
		is employing an ionic liquid in the manufacture of alkoxyphenylphosphines--the first commercial use of the versatile materials in an organic process.
		The reaction results in the formation of the ionic liquid N-methylimidazolium chloride (Hmim-Cl), which has a melting point of 75 °C. The manufacture is carried out on a multiton scale in a batch reactor at elevated temperatures.
		The major benefit of the process, however, is the liquid nature of the protonated form of the compound and its immiscibility with organic liquids.
	pubs.acs.org /cen/topstory/8113/8113notw7.html (475 words)

	Ionic Liquids
		Ionic liquids can also make for safer microwave synthesis methods, because sudden pressure surges are not possible.
		The ionic liquid 1-methyl-3-pentylimidazolium fluoroborate, [pmIm]BF is an efficient catalyst as well as solvent for the stereoselective debromination of various vicinal-dibromides to the corresponding (E)-alkenes in high yields under microwave irradiation.
		These ionic liquids have been examined as catalyst in the reaction of CO with a various epoxides to give cyclic carbonates.
	www.organic-chemistry.org /topics/ionic-liquids.shtm (1290 words)

	Research Areas - Molten-Salt/Ionic Liquid Electrochemistry
		The use of ionic liquids as workable electrolytes, as well as electrode ionic conductivity enhancers allows for the preparation of simple, dual component energy storage systems which possess the added benefit of nonvolatile and nonflammable.
		Ionic liquid, graphite and gel polymer electrolytes and electrodes using DMPIBF 4.
		The objectives of the nanocomposite research program are to evaluate, and exploit tri-alkyl-imidazolium-based ionic liquids as novel, thermally stable treatments for layered-silicates and graphite for the purpose of preparing high quality polymer nanocomposites.
	chemistry.nrl.navy.mil /6170/researchareas_liquid.php (639 words)

	Ionic Liquids
		Ionic liquids are highly solvating, non-coordinating medium in which a variety of organic and inorganic solutes are able to dissolve.
		Ionic liquids are attractive solvents as they are non-volatile, non-flammable, have a high thermal stability and are relatively inexpensive to manufacture.
		The key point about ionic liquids is that they are liquid salts, which means they consist of a salt that exists in the liquid phase and have to be manufactured, they are not simply salts dissolved in liquid.
	www.chm.bris.ac.uk /webprojects2004/vickery/ionic_liquids.htm (265 words)

	Definition of Ionic liquid
		The notable characteristics of ionic liquids are their non-measurable vapor pressure, non-flammability, thermal stability, wide liquid range, and solvating properties for diverse kinds of materials.
		It is known that, as in conventional organic solvents, many kinds of chemical reactions such as Diels-Alder reactions and Friedel-Crafts reactions occur in ionic liquids.
		Another important feature of ionic liquids is their designability: miscibility with water or organic solvents can be tuned through sidechain lengths on the cation and choice of anion.
	www.wordiq.com /definition/Ionic_liquid (347 words)

	Room Temperature Ionic Liquids
		Ionic liquids provide a medium which appears to be capable of dissolving a vast range of inorganic (and some organic) molecules to high concentrations.
		Ionic liquids are possessed of a number of properties which may be of importance in their application as extractive media in liquid/liquid extraction processes.
		Several ionic liquids are known which are neither air or water sensitive or miscible with water, thus enabling the concept of liquid/liquid extraction from aqueous media.
	bama.ua.edu /~rdrogers/webdocs/ionicliquids.html (576 words)

	Advanced Battery Materials
		Ionic liquids, being composed entirely of ions, are of molten salts in liquid form at ambient temperature which have the melting point near the room temperature.
		The feature of ionic liquids is to be a liquid solution in the wide temperature area and moreover the vapor pressure is approximately null and is not to evaporate under the high temperature.
		Due to that ionic liquid has low viscosity comparatively though it doesnít contain solvent, it is possible to treat as good as general polar solvent.
	www.predmaterials.com /en_batt/ionicLiquid.html (251 words)

	Ionic Liquid Introduction (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Ionic Liquids are a peculiar and fascinating class of new chemicals with the potential to improve development in organic chemistry and chemical technology, stimulating progress in a lot of different research fields.
		In this context, Ionic Liquids are regarded as environmentally friendly substitutes for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) essentially because of their low vapour pressures and their specific advantage to act as solvent or catalyst.
		Ionic Liquids are compounds consisting entirely of ionic species with an organic cation and an inorganic or organic anion.
	www.solchemar.com /products_ionic_liquids.htm (232 words)

	MVS Solutions - Enzymes Coated With Ionic Liquid
		The ionic liquid-coated enzyme according to Claim 3, wherein the organic cation of the heterocyclic compound is selected from the group consisting of imidazolium, pyridinium, pyridazinium, pyrimidinium, pyrazinium, pyrazolium, thiazolium, oxazolium, and triazolium, or an cation of a substituted compound thereof.
		The ionic liquid suitable for coating the enzyme may be obtained commercially or synthesized according to the conventional method known to anyone having ordinary skill in the art.
		Using the ionic liquid-coated enzyme as a catalyst, an optical isomer having a high enantiomeric excess (optical purity) is prepared by the enantioselective acylation of one enantiomer of a racemic compound.
	www.mvssolutions.com /PBC_03-057871.html (2561 words)

	Ionic Liquidsreview
		In general, ionic liquids consist of a salt where one or both the ions are large, and have a low degree of symmetry.
		Ionic liquids come in two main categories, namely simple salts (made of a single anion and cation) and binary ionic liquids (salts where an equilibrium is involved).
		In particular, a number of ionic liquids have been found to be hydrophobic (immiscible with water), but readily dissolve many organic molecules, with the exception of alkanes and alkylated aromatic compounds such as toluene.
	homepage.ntlworld.com /m.earle/ionic/IL_review.html (2936 words)

	New Ionic Liquid Electrolyte Developed for High Charge-Discharge Efficiency of Lithium Electrode
		Ionic liquid electrolyte consisting of quaternary ammonium-imide salt withstands the voltage range of the lithium metal secondary battery, and ensures high charge-discharge efficiency for lithium metal cathode comparable to that of organic liquid electrolyte.
		The newly developed ionic liquid electrolyte made of cyclic quaternary ammonium-imide salt is stable in wide voltage range of the lithium battery, and provides charge-discharge efficiency of lithium metal electrode which is equivalent to that in organic liquid electrolyte.
		Conventional ionic liquids in the past studies are not fully applicable to lithium battery because of high reactivity with lithium.
	www.aist.go.jp /aist_e/latest_research/2004/20041213/20041213.html (898 words)

	Tatva Chintan Pharma Chem Pvt. Ltd.
		Ionic liquids are excellent substitutes for traditional organic solvents in many typical organic reactions, often producing higher selectivities as well as higher yields, and enhancing the reaction rate.
		Ionic liquids are attractive solvents as they are non-volatile, non-flammable, have a high thermal stability and are relatively inexpensive to manufacture.
		The key point about ionic liquids is that they are liquid salts, which means they consist of a salt that exists in the liquid phase.
	www.tatvachintan.com /ionic_liquids.htm (242 words)

	NPL: Ionic Liquids
		The extended uptake of ionic liquids is constrained by wide-ranging limitations in toxicological, physical and chemical property information that stem from an absence of relevant underpinning measurement methods and predictive tools.
		The term ‘ionic liquids’, although generic, is primarily applied to organic salts that are fluid at relatively low temperatures, less than 100 °C. The cations are typically big, bulky and asymmetric (see below), limiting their packing in a crystal and giving the low melting point.
		Ionic liquids (or low temperature molten organic salts) form potentially the basis of a new industrial technology that could revolutionalise chemical processing as well as impact on many other industries; indeed, radical changes are already underway.
	www.npl.co.uk /materials/electrochemistry/ionic_liquids.html (517 words)

	Ionic Liquids
		Ionic liquids have been shown to have applications in the field of catalysis, metal deposition, extraction and batteries.
		We have developed a range of ionic liquids that are inert to air and water and are similar in cost to common organic solvents.
		We are currently studying the physical and chemical characteristics of these liquids together with preliminary investigations to assess their suitability for a number of chemical and electrochemical applications.
	www.le.ac.uk /chemistry/greenchem/ionic_liquids.html (580 words)

	Ionic Liquid Toxicology- Maginn Group Research
		In addition to our studies of the fundamental properties of ionic liquids and their applications, we are also seeking to understand the potential impact ionic liquids have on the environment.
		The impact ionic liquids have on aquatic ecosystems is particularly important, given their non-volatile nature and mild to high solubility in water.
		Gary Lamberti and David Lodge in the Department of Biological Sciences, the ionic liquids group is investigating the interplay between trace amounts of ionic liquids and natural aquatic ecosystems.
	www.nd.edu /~ed/Research/IL_toxicology.html (264 words)

	Ionic Liquid Mineral Supplements
		Ionic Boron is a rich concentrated liquid dietary supplement that provides boron, a trace element, in ionic form—the form most widely recognized by the body.
		Liquid Ionic Chromium is a rich, concentrated liquid dietary supplement that provides chromium in ionic form.
		Liquid Ionic Selenium is a rich, yeast-free, concentrated liquid dietary supplement that provides selenium, a trace element, in ionic form.
	www.herbalremedies.com /colmin.html (2213 words)

	Molten-Salt/Ionic Liquid Electrochemistry
		Firstly, we are investigating the generation of non-equilibrium aluminum alloys from ambient temperature chloroaluminate ionic liquids.
		We are employing modern electroanalytical techniques to investigate the co-deposition of a variety of metals with aluminum from the ionic liquids.
		Secondly, we are investigating the electrolytic properties of several novel ionic liquids/molten salts as replacements for the more common, volatile compounds currently used in battery electrolytes (liquid, and gel).
	www.chemistry.nrl.navy.mil /6170/liquid.php (172 words)

	BASF Group: Chemical Intermediates: Frequently Asked Questions (Site not responding. Last check: )
		This means the Ionic Liquid is 100 w% pure in terms of the cation EMIM and 95 w% pure in terms of the anion chloride.
		Since Ionic Liquids can consist of many chemically different types of cations and anions this question has to be answered case by case.
		Some Ionic Liquids may only be suitable for being handled by skilled personnel in chemical plants, others for a use closer to the end user will have to be non-toxic and readily biodegradable.
	www2.basf.de /en/intermed/nbd/products/ionic_liquids/faq.htm?id=V00-ZDWL29Knxbw22Ze (2016 words)

	PEP Report 256: Ionic Liquids
		Ionic liquids have been referred to as "room temperature molten salt", "low-temperature molten salt" and "liquid organic salts." Unlike conventional salts, they are typically fluid at room temperature.
		The growth in development in ionic liquids is not only being driven by their potential as green solvents but also by potential improvement in process economics, reaction activity, selectivity, and yield.
		The processes evaluated were an alkylation process using a chloroaluminate ionic liquid as a catalyst to produce ethylbenzene and a hydroformylation process using an ionic liquid as a solvent to produce isononal.
	www.sriconsulting.com /PEP/Reports/Phase_2004/RP256/RP256.html (411 words)

	FAQ
		The exceptions to this are ionic liquids based on metal halides, such as aluminium chloride.
		Some ionic liquids freeze at -100 C. Often, this is not a true freezing point, but is a glass transition temperature.
		Heat the ionic liquid to 100 °C under vacuum to remove residual water.
	homepage.ntlworld.com /m.earle/ionic/FAQ.html (684 words)

	Process Engineering \| Acid scavenger prevents sticky problem \| Chemical Processing
		These new materials are liquid over a range of 300 oC to 400oC, from the melting point (m.p.) to the decomposition temperature of the ionic liquid.
		Ionic liquids are frequently reported as being non-flammable.
		Today, a large choice of ionic liquids is commercially available, providing a broad range of properties as a result of selection of cations, and especially anions.
	www.chemicalprocessing.com /articles/2006/087.html (828 words)

	New Web database improves access to ionic liquid data
		A large part of the interest is due to something ionic liquids don't have: a measurable vapor pressure at room temperature.
		With typical vapor pressures in the range of 10-10 pascal (10-14 psi), ionic liquids have essentially no vapor emissions and so look like excellent candidates for "green solvents" to replace hazardous, air-polluting organic solvents like acetone and benzene.
		Launched at the end of July, ILThermo is a free, web-based research tool that allows users worldwide to access an up-to-date data collection of thermodynamic, thermochemical and transport properties of pure ionic liquids as well as binary and ternary mixtures.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2006-08/nios-nwd081706.php (353 words)

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