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Topic: Ira S Bowen

	Ira Sprague Bowen - Wikipedia
		Im Jahre 1927 entdeckte Bowen, dass das hypothetische Element Nebulium kein chemisches Element ist.
		Bowen war von 1948 bis 1964 Direktor des Mt.
		Ein Mondkrater ist nach Bowen benannt, ebenso ein Asteroid, nämlich 3363 Bowen.
	de.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ira_Sprague_Bowen (140 words)

	Baker-Grant-Harney-Malheur-Union Families - aqwg147
		Estes, Hardin W. Harry S. Bowen-3365 [Parents] was born 1866 in, Baker, Oregon.
		Ira Benjamin Bowen Sr.-3465 [Parents] was born 28 May 1825 in, Ypsilanti,, Michigan.
		Ira Benjamin Bowen-3467 was born 28 Nov 1858.
	www.rootsweb.com /~orbaker/database/baker/aqwg147.htm (391 words)

	Bowen (crater) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Bowen is a small lunar crater that is located to the southwest of the Montes Haemus, on the edge of a small lunar mare named the Lacus Doloris.
		Bowen crater was previously designated 'Manilius A' before the formation was named by the IAU.
		Manilius crater is located to the south, at the opposite shore of the Lacus.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bowen_crater (101 words)

	Active Skim View of: Ira Sprague Bowen
		In a project of this sort, Bowen stucliecI the magnetic and magnetomechanical properties of samples of manganese steel supplied by Sir Robert HacIfield, with whom he eventually publishecI the results in the Proceedings of the Royal Society.
		Bowen was responsible to the two institutions, and in 1948 he was appointed director of the combined Mount Wilson and Palomar Observatories.
		Among Bowen's later contributions are authoritative studies of the optical design of large reflectors anct of spectrographs.
	www.nap.edu /nap-cgi/skimit.cgi?isbn=0309032873&chap=83-120 (1302 words)

	Ira Bowen Bibliography
		Bowen, I.S., “The Chemical Composition of the Nebulae,” PASP 46, 186-87 (1934).
		Bowen, I.S., “The Spectrum and Composition of the Gaseous Nebulae,” Ap.J. Bowen, I.S., “The Galactic Nebulae,” Scientia 59, 77-86 (1936).
		Bowen, Ira S., “Instrumentation at the Mount Wilson and Palomar Observatories,” PASP 69, 377-84 (1957) [address on accepting the Bruce Medal].
	www.phys-astro.sonoma.edu /BruceMedalists/Bowen/BowenRefs.html (1061 words)

	PCWorld.com - California Spam Wars Heat Up (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		State Senator Debra Bowen (D-Redondo Beach) says the software vendor wants to instead boost the other measure, which she says is weaker.
		Bowen notes that her measure, SB 12, was modeled after the national "Junk Fax Law," including the right to sue.
		Bowen says she's not through fighting for her antispam measure and will likely resubmit SB 12 before the legislature adjourns on September 12.
	www.pcworld.com /news/article/0,aid,111520,tk,cx071003a,00.asp (641 words)

	CSSObservatory
		Ira S. Bowen graduated from Oberlin in 1919(?) and went on to work for Oberlin graduate and Nobel Laureate Robert Millikan at Chicago and the California Institute of Technology.
		In 1928 Bowen explained the nature of the spectra of gaseous nebula in space, which earned him the Bruce Prize in 1957.
		Bowen served as Director of the Mt. Wilson Observatory from 1946, and directed both the Mt. Wilson and Palomar Observatories from 1948 until 1964.
	www.oberlin.edu /observatory/ocastronomyhistory.html (565 words)

	Bowen, Ira Sprague (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Bowen was born in New York State and graduated from Oberlin College, Ohio.
		Spectral analysis can determine the energy levels between which the electrons are moving, since strong lines are produced where it takes place easily ('permitted' transitions) and weak lines where it takes place with difficulty ('forbidden' transitions).
		Bowen showed that the strong green lines in the spectra of planetary nebulae are caused by forbidden transitions in known elements under conditions not produced in the laboratory.
	www.cartage.org.lb /en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/B/Bowen/1.html (162 words)

	Plant Physiology Online: Heat Dissipation from Leaves: The Bowen Ratio
		This concept was developed by Ira S. Bowen (1898–1978), an American astrophysicist.
		Thus, the Bowen ratio is about 10 for deserts, 2-6 for semi-arid regions, 0.4 to 0.8 for temperate forests and grasslands, 0.2 for tropical rain forests and 0.1 for tropical oceans (Nobel 1999)
		Plants with very high Bowen ratios conserve water but have to endure very high leaf temperatures in order to maintain a sufficient temperature gradient between the leaf and the air.
	www.plantphys.net /article.php?ch=t&id=132 (483 words)

	[No title]
		Bowen's IRA account and 2,050 shares under the Company's 401(k) plan.
		Bowen was engaged in financial consulting in Tulsa, Oklahoma.
		Asbjornson, Bowen, Johnson and Pantaleoni were also granted 41,250 share options in 1997, five years after their original grants.
	www.freeedgar.com /EdgarConstruct/Data/1026608/02-10/aaon_def14a02.txt (4746 words)

	Ira Sprague Bowen Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Ira Sprague Bowen Encyclopedia Article, Definition, History, Biography
		Looking For ira sprague bowen - Find ira sprague bowen and more at Lycos Search.
		Find ira sprague bowen - Your relevant result is a click away!
	www.karr.net /encyclopedia/Ira_Sprague_Bowen (283 words)

	Educational Outreach >> For Teachers >> Glossary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		For any moist surface, the ratio of heat energy used for sensible heating (conduction and convection) to the heat energy used for latent heating (evaporation of water or sublimation of snow).
		The Bowen ratio ranges from about 0.1 for the ocean surface to more than 2.0 for deserts; negative values are also possible.
		It is named for Ira S. Bowen (1898-1978), an American astrophysicist.
	k12.ocs.ou.edu /teachers/glossary/b.html (1400 words)

	Ira Sprague Bowen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Ira Sprague Bowen (de diciembre el 21 de 1898 - de febrero el 6 de 1973) era astrónomo americano.
		Un cráter en la luna se nombra después de él, al igual que el asteroide 3363 Bowen.
		English version: Ira Sprague Bowen Next: Exposición doble Up
	www.yotor.net /wiki/es/ir/Ira%20Sprague%20Bowen.htm (120 words)

	Journal of San Diego History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		On another occasion, Ira Bowen wrote for a symposium on telescopes: "The sidereal-rate tracking mechanism was constructed to meet the specification that the accumulated error should not exceed 1 second of arc per hour...It was also specified that, within 45 degrees of the zenith, setting errors should not exceed 5 seconds of arc."
		Bowen's careful language never admits that the computer that would have been needed to achieve those corrections and that precision of tracking was never built.
		In fact, the RA drive mechanism and variable-rate clock drive of the telescope were so accurate, and the selsyn-driven control panels were so convenient and pleasant to use after years of struggles with the balky control mechanisms of the Mount Wilson telescopes, that the telescope functioned well without the missing computer.
	www.sandiegohistory.org /journal/98fall/palomar.htm (6930 words)

	Ira Sprague Bowen
		He won the Henry Draper Medal in 1942.
		He won the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1966.
		A crater on the Moon is named after him, as is the asteroid 3363 Bowen.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/ira_sprague_bowen (148 words)

	THE 1920 SHAPLEY-CURTIS DISCUSSION: BACKGROUND, ISSUES, AND OUTCOME (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		On the other hand, it was Shapley who persuaded Hoffleit to go on for her PhD (on spectroscopic parallaxes), though it would take her away from the work she was doing for him, and he welcomed her back at Harvard from war work at Aberdeen, though it had been done under the supervision of Hubble.
		Curtis said that, for four events with estimated distances in the Milky Way and a handful of novae in spirals, peak luminosity would be the same, provided the Milky Way had his preferred small size and the spirals were separate systems of similar physical diameter.
		He agreed that S Andromeda in 1885 was much brighter than this general run of events, said that Tycho's nova probably had been too, and concluded "a division into two classes is not impossible." One of the participants in our modern debate presumably feels the same way about the gamma ray bursters.
	antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov /diamond_jubilee/papers/trimble.html (7981 words)

	"B" Famous People
		Bach, J(ohann) C(hristoph) F(riedrich), (1732-95) Composer, born in Leipzig, EC Germany, the ninth son of J S Bach.
		Banach, Stefan (1892-1945) Mathematician, born in Kraków, S Poland.
		Bataille, (Félix-) Henry (1872-1922) Playwright and poet, born in Nîmes, S France.
	www.jonathanselby.com /Bfam.html (17711 words)

	The Bruce Medalists: Ira Bowen
		As a graduate student at the University of Chicago he worked with Robert A. Millikan, whom he accompanied to the California Institute of Technology.
		Anonymous, “Dr. Ira S. Bowen New Director of the Mount Wilson Observatory,” PASP 58, 12-13 (1946).
		Wilson, O.C., “Retirement of Dr. Ira S. Bowen,” PASP 76, 193-96 (1964).
	www.phys-astro.sonoma.edu /BruceMedalists/Bowen/Bowen.html (304 words)

	Millikan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Millikan proved that this radiation is indeed of extraterrestrial origin, and he named it "cosmic rays." With his collaborator Ira Bowen he meanwhile opened up the field of vacuum ultraviolet spectroscopy.
		Electroscope of cosmic-ray apparatus used by Millikan and Ira Bowen in 1932.
		This small electroscope was sent aloft by a hydrogen-filled balloon by Millikan and Bowen from a Texas airfield in 1922.
	chem.ch.huji.ac.il /~eugeniik/history/millikan.html (3896 words)

	ESA - Science - Home - 6 February
		1973: On 6 February 1973, Ira Sprague Bowen died.
		His investigation of the ultraviolet spectra of highly ionised atoms led to his explanation of the unidentified strong green spectral lines of gaseous nebulae as 'forbidden lines' of ionised oxygen and nitrogen.
		This emission, appearing to match no known element, had formerly been suggested to be due to a hypothetical element, 'nebulium.' Bowen was able to show, that in reality, the emission lines exactly matched those calculated to be the 'forbidden lines' of ionised oxygen and nitrogen under extremely low pressure.
	www.esa.int /esaSC/SEMPMMXEM4E_index_0.html (125 words)

	Nat' Academies Press, Biographical Memoirs V.46 (1975)
		It was re- solved to spend a good part of the effort on the study of those nuclear reactions thought to take place in stars.
		Lauritsen was encouraged in this by Ira Bowen, who became director of the Mount Wilson and Palomar Observatories early in 1946.
		Bowen held a series of informal seminars in his home, where physicists and astronomers discussed problems of mutual in- terest over beer and pretzels.
	www.nap.edu /books/0309022401/html/220.html (4522 words)

	Ira Sprague Bowen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		OSSC Fellow and Astronomical Society of the Pacific 1957 Bruce Medallist* --"Ike" Bowen was a charter member of OSSC and a Councilor on our first Board of Directors (1951-52 and '52-53).
		Clicking on Bowen's name takes you to a brief bio from which this one was taken.
		It has a link to Caltech's photo archives, including several photos of Ira Bowen.
	www.ossc.org /bios/fellows-bowen.htm (221 words)

	Nora Lee Bowen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Nora Lee was buried in the Tilden (Union Grove) Cemetery in Itawamba County.
		Ira Dalton remarried and had a number of other children.
		The photo of Nora Lee and Ira and of Farris Dalton (along with most of the information on this page!) was provided by Mary Henderson Rhodes, of Raymondville, Texas, granddaughter of the couple.
	freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com /~hiramwebb/bowennoralee.html (180 words)

	semissourian.com: Story: Richard Bowen
		He was born April 3, 1934, in Van Buren, Mo., son of Ira and Elsie Shenks Bowen.
		He owned Bowen Engineering for 22 years and was an engineer for 45 years.
		Survivors include his wife; a son, Christopher Bowen of Jackson, Mo.; a daughter, Andrea Bowen of Oregon; two stepsons, Chris Leuckel of Jefferson City, Mo., and Tim Leuckel of Cape Girardeau; a stepdaughter, Kathryn Awbrey of Fort Smith, Ark.; and two grandchildren.
	semissourian.rustcom.net /story/59913.html (148 words)

	Sputnik/Vanguard
		The actual command for launch was entrusted to the hands of Boris S. Chekunov, a young artillery forces lieutenant.
		Six appendixes, each written by a scientist dealing with his own special field, pointed to existing gaps in knowledge which an instrumented satellite might fill.
		Ira S. Bowen, director of the Palomar Observatory at Mt.
	zebu.uoregon.edu /~js/space/lectures/lec09.html (7068 words)

	Caltech Archives Oral Histories Online - Interview with Carl Anderson
		This wide-ranging 1979 interview in eight sessions with Carl D. Anderson, Board of Trustees Professor of Physics, emeritus and Nobel laureate, begins with his recollections of his undergraduate years at Caltech (1923-1927), and the influence of Arthur Amos Noyes and Ira Sprague Bowen.
		He discusses his contacts with Enrico Fermi's group at Chicago in the early 1940s and Caltech's rocket projects during World War II at China Lake and Goldstone, including the contributions of Charles Lauritsen, I. Bowen, and Seth Neddermeyer.
		He offers recollections of postwar Caltech, the increase in research funds and undergraduate enrollment, the rise of particle physics and the advent of the large accelerator era.
	oralhistories.library.caltech.edu /89 (278 words)

	Distinguished Cal-Tech astronomer to present public talk
		CHAMPAIGN, Ill. — Wallace L.W. Sargent, the Ira S. Bowen Professor of Astronomy at the California Institute of Technology, will present the fourth talk in the department of astronomy’s Icko Iben Jr.
		April 24 in Foellinger Auditorium, 709 S. Mathews Ave., Urbana.
		The talk, "Large Optical Telescopes: The Next Generation," is free and open to the public.
	www.news.uiuc.edu /news/02/0401astronomytalk.html (426 words)

	Science, Technology & Medicine Archives in the DC-MD-VA Area (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The Chesney Archives is also responsible for the numerous paintings that decorate the walls of the Institution, including the two John Singer Sargent paintings in the William H. Welch Medical Lib rary.
		Johns Hopkins University - Milton S. Eisenhower Library Special Collections 3400 North Charles Street Baltimore, MD 21218-2683 (410) 516-5492 Manuscripts Assistant: Joan Grattan Open MTuWF 8:30-5, Th 8:30-8 Advance arrangements required Scope: papers of prominent Hopkins faculty and alumni; photographs and ephemera.
		Included among historical manuscripts and private papers are correspondence; vocabularies, grammar notes, and texts; ethnographic and archeological field notes and reports; cartographic items; and sound recor dings.
	carnap.umd.edu:90 /chps/archive.html (9287 words)

	Chapter 1
		Ira S. Bowen, director of the Palomar Observatory at Mt. Wilson, explained how the clearer visibility and longer exposure possible in photoelectronic scanning of heavenly phenomena from a body two hundred miles above the earth would assist astronomers.
		Perhaps because of severe editing to adapt material to popular consumption, the text contained little or no technical data on how these wonders were to be accomplished; the term "telemetry" nowhere appeared.
		At the fourth Congress of the International Astronautics Federation in Zurich, Switzerland, in summer 1953, Singer proposed a Minimum Orbital Unmanned Satellite of the Earth, MOUSE, based upon a study prepared two years earlier by members of the British Interplanetary Society who had predicated their scheme on the use of a V-2 rocket.
	www.hq.nasa.gov /office/pao/History/SP-4202/chapter1.html (6875 words)

	Chronology of Interstellar and Intergalactic Medium (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		William Huggins studies the spectrum of the Orion Nebula and shows that it is a cloud of gas.
		Ira Bowen explains unidentified spectral lines from space as forbidden transition lines.
		Robert Trumpler discovers absorption by interstellar dust by comparing the angular sizes and brightnesses of globular clusters.
	www.3rd1000.com /chronology/chrono20.htm (164 words)

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